Financial system. Financial system Other financial institutions

I study biology and chemistry at Five Plus in Gulnur Gataulovna’s group. I am delighted, the teacher knows how to interest the subject and find an approach to the student. Adequately explains the essence of his requirements and gives homework that is realistic in scope (and not, as most teachers do in the Unified State Examination year, ten paragraphs at home, and one in the class). . We study strictly for the Unified State Exam and this is very valuable! Gulnur Gataullovna is sincerely interested in the subjects that she teaches and always gives the necessary, timely and relevant information. Highly recommend!

Camilla

I'm preparing for mathematics (with Daniil Leonidovich) and Russian language (with Zarema Kurbanovna) at Five Plus. Very pleased! Quality of classes high level, at school in this subject there are now only A's and B's. I wrote the test exams as a 5, I’m sure I’ll pass the OGE with flying colors. Thank you!

Airat

I was preparing for the Unified State Examination in history and social studies with Vitaly Sergeevich. He is an extremely responsible teacher in relation to his work. Punctual, polite, pleasant to talk to. It is clear that the man lives for his work. He is well versed in teenage psychology and has a clear training method. Thank you "Five Plus" for your work!

Leysan

I passed the Unified State Exam in Russian with 92 points, mathematics with 83, social studies with 85, I think this is an excellent result, I entered the university on a budget! Thank you "Five Plus"! Your teachers are true professionals, with them high results are guaranteed, I am very glad that I turned to you!

Dmitriy

David Borisovich is a wonderful teacher! In his group I prepared for the Unified State Exam in mathematics at a specialized level and passed with 85 points! although my knowledge at the beginning of the year was not very good. David Borisovich knows his subject, knows the requirements of the Unified State Exam, he himself is on the commission for checking examination papers. I am very glad that I was able to get into his group. Thanks to Five Plus for this opportunity!

Violet

"A+" is an excellent test preparation center. Professionals work here, a cozy atmosphere, friendly staff. I studied English and social studies with Valentina Viktorovna, passed both subjects with a good score, happy with the result, thank you!

Olesya

At the “Five with Plus” center I studied two subjects at once: mathematics with Artem Maratovich and literature with Elvira Ravilyevna. I really liked the classes, clear methodology, accessible form, comfortable environment. I am very pleased with the result: mathematics - 88 points, literature - 83! Thank you! I will recommend your educational center to everyone!

Artem

When I was choosing tutors, I was attracted to the Five Plus center by good teachers, a convenient class schedule, the availability of free trial exams, and my parents - affordable prices for high quality. In the end, our whole family was very pleased. I studied three subjects at once: mathematics, social studies, English. Now I am a student at KFU budgetary basis, and all thanks to good preparation - I passed the Unified State Exam with high scores. Thank you!

Dima

I very carefully selected a social studies tutor; I wanted to pass the exam with the maximum score. “A+” helped me in this matter, I studied in Vitaly Sergeevich’s group, the classes were super, everything was clear, everything was clear, at the same time fun and relaxed. Vitaly Sergeevich presented the material in such a way that it was memorable by itself. I am very pleased with the preparation!

Unified State Examination tasks on the topic “Banks”

3. Below are a number of terms. All of them, with the exception of two, relate to the concept of “methods of monetary reform”

1) deflation; 2) denomination; 3) diversification; 4) differentiation; 5) devaluation; 6) revaluation. Find two terms that fall out of the series and write down the numbers under which they are indicated.

9 . Bank C. Credits the development of innovations, implementation of science. achievements. Select from the list providedcharacteristics of this bank and write down the numbers under which they are indicated.

1) savings bank 2) central bank 3) innovation bank

4) specialized bank 5) financial institution

6) Insurance Company

8. Establish a correspondence between securities and the types to which they belong: eachposition given in the first column, select the corresponding position from the second column.

Securities Types valuable papers

A) privatization voucher 1) loan certificate

B) bill of exchange 2) certificate of ownership

B) bond

D) share

D) savings certificate

9. Bank L represents financing and long-term lending investing in industry, construction and other industries, as well as securities. Select the characteristics of this bank from the list provided and write down the numbers under which they are indicated.

1) mortgage bank 2)financial organization 3) investment bank 4) savings bank 5) specialized bank 6) insurance company

1. Write down the word missing in the fragment of the table.

Specialized banks

8. Establish a correspondence between the functions and the levels of the banking system to which they relate: For each position given in the first column, select the corresponding position from the second column.

Functions Levels of the banking system

A) lending to enterprises 1) Central Bank

B) money issue 2) commercial banks

B) cash management services for clients

D) mobilization of the free Money population

D) storage of the country's gold and foreign exchange reserves

2 . In the row below, find a concept that is generalizing for all other concepts presented.. Write down this word (phrase).

Savings bank; mortgage bank; specialized bank; investment bank, innovation bank.

7 . Select correct judgments about securities and write down the numbers under which they are listed.

1) A share is a certificate of a cash deposit in a bank on the return of this deposit and interest on it after a specified period.

2) A security that certifies ownership of a share in the capital of an enterprise and gives the right to receive part of its profit is called a share.

3) Securities can be registered or bearer.

4) The bond gives its owner the right to participate in the management of the company and receive dividends.

5) The bill gives the owner the right to demand its repayment within the specified time frame.

25. What meaning do social scientists put into the concept of the banking system? Drawing on the knowledge of the social science course,make two sentences: one sentence containing information about the functions of the banking system, and one sentence revealing the structure of the banking system of countries with developed economy.

20. Read the text below,in which a number of words are missing. Select from the expected list the words that need to be inserted in place of the gaps.

“The stock _________ (A) is the place where the purchase and sale of securities takes place. Her activities in developed countries is under strict control by _________(B). From the average __________ (B) transactions concluded on it, the sum of _____________ (D) securities (shares and __________ (D) issued by individual __________ (E)."

List of terms:

Course 2) contract 3) price 4) state 5) company 6) infrastructure

7) stock exchange 8) information 9) bond

20. Read the text below, in which a number of words are missing. Select from the list of words that need to be inserted in place of the gaps.

“Monetary policy is measures taken by the government through the Central Bank in the field of money circulation and ____________ (A), aimed at ensuring sustainable, efficient functioning of the economy. The goal of monetary policy is to help the economy achieve a level of ______________(B) that will ensure complete ____________(C) and absence of (D). Open market operations are carried out by the Central Bank, which sells government securities, paying high _________(D) on them, and attracts investor funds to cover the budget __________(E).”

List of terms: 1) interest 2) deficit 3) employment 4) deposit 5) production 6) credit 7) mortgage 8) inflation 9) modernization

7. Select the correct statements about financial institutions and write down the numbers under which they are indicated.

1) The Central Bank issues money and is the main link in the country’s financial and credit system.

2) All financial institutions accept contributions/deposits.

3) Pension funds specialize in financing consumer goods sales in installments and issuing consumer loans.

4) The central bank sets the discount rate.

5) Financial institutions provide services for transferring funds and providing loans.

Answers:

3)-3,4

9)-3,4,5

25)B.S. the totality of banks, credit institutions and individual banks operating in the country economic organizations performing banking operations. 1) B.S. regulates inflation, balance of payments, ensures the economic growth. 2) In countries with developed economies, a two-tier system has developed: the Central Bank and commercial banks and credit financial institutions.

8)21121

9) 235

1)mortgage

8) 21221

2) specialized bank

7) 235

20) 743195

20) 653812

« Banking system»

Training tasks

1 Which of the following examples refers to a consumer loan?

1) The Ivanovs took out a bank loan to pay for their summer vacation.

2) The Petrovs took out a loan to buy a country house secured by

future building.

3) Due to the shortage state budget the government resorted

to borrowing on the foreign market.

4) Individual entrepreneur Lisitsyn took out a loan to open

new retail outlets.

2 Which of the following is one of the functions of the Central Bank?

1) issue of shares and other securities

3) carrying out foreign exchange transactions for citizens

4) lending to individual entrepreneurs

3 If, in a downturn in the economy, there is a reduction in GDP output, investment and employment, then the Central Bank should

1) raise the discount rate

2) reduce the discount rate

3) increase the bank reserve ratio

4) increase purchases of securities

4 Are the following judgments about the Central Bank of Russia correct? A. The Central Bank of Russia is economically independent.

B. The Central Bank of Russia has the exclusive right to issue money.

5 Are the following statements about the Central Bank true?

A. The Central Bank issues and revokes licenses to operate banking operations private banks.

B. The Central Bank controls the volume of money supply and issues money.

6 The norm of required reserves in Russia is established

1) each commercial bank independently

2) Central Bank of Russia

3) Government Russian Federation

4) Federal Assembly of the Russian Federation

7 Below is a list of terms. All of them, with the exception of two, relate to the functions of the Central Bank.

1) determination of the refinancing rate

2) issuance of consumer loans

3) money issue

4) setting foreign exchange rates

5) federal property management

6) supervision of the activities of credit institutions

8 Below are a number of terms. All of them, with the exception of two, are related to the activities of the Central Bank.

1) issue, 2) nationalization, 3) discount interest rate, 4) depreciation, 5) reserve rate, 6) licensing.

Find two terms that “fall out” from the general series. Write down the numbers under which they are indicated.

Answer: ___________________________.

1) managers' salaries

2) division of labor

3) room rental fee

4) attracting loans

10 Which of the following is a source of business financing?

1) managers' salaries

2) investor funds

3) room rental fee

4) payment of interest on previously taken loans

11 Which of the following is a function of a central bank?

1) household lending

2) issue of money

3) carrying out settlements for companies

4) attracting citizens' savings to accounts

A. The Central Bank maintains the reserve fund of other credit institutions. B. Commercial banks conduct cash payments and settlements for firms and individuals.

13 Are the following statements about the banking system true?

A. Commercial banks act as intermediaries in payments between economic entities and in transactions with securities.

B. The Central Bank provides loans to individuals and organizations.

14 Below is a list of terms. All of them, with the exception of two, refer to types of non-cash money.

Find two terms that “fall out” from the general series and write down the numbers under which they are indicated in the table.

Answer: ___________________________.

15 Read the text below, in which a number of words (phrases) are missing. Select from the list of words (phrases) that need to be inserted in place of the gaps.

“The London Stock Exchange, officially the International Stock Exchange of Great Britain and Ireland, is the largest in Europe. There are more listed on the London Stock Exchange

______(A) than any of the three largest exchanges peace. London is an important international ______(B), playing a key role in currency trading, international ______(B) and bond trading.

After ______(G) in 1986, nicknamed the “Great Rush”, the London Stock Exchange underwent dramatic changes. Was created electronic system information “Exchange automated quotes”, and trading, during which ______(D) directly communicated with each other, is a thing of the past. Banks and other large financial organizations have equipped their own retail premises. Transactions increasingly began to be made between individual investors and “market makers” - firms that own significant ______(E).

The words in the list are given in the nominative case. Each word (phrase) can be used only once.

Choose one word after another, mentally filling in each gap. Please note that there are more words in the list than you will need to fill in the blanks.

List of terms:

1) bank lending

2) emission national currency

3) brokers

4) foreign companies

5) reorganization

6) social transfers

7) shares

8) Finance center

9) government

The table below shows the letters representing the missing words. Write down the number of the word you chose in the table under each letter.

Answer: A B C D E E

FINANCIAL SYSTEM
Social studies 11th grade
Codifier for social studies
Chapter 2. Economics. Topic 2.6

PLAN FOR STUDYING THE TOPIC:
1. ESSENCE OF THE CONCEPT OF FINANCE
2. CENTRALIZED, CORPORATE AND PERSONAL FINANCE
3. FUNCTIONS OF FINANCE
distribution
control
regulating
stabilizing
fiscal
stimulating
3. MAIN FINANCIAL INSTITUTIONS AND THEIR FUNCTIONS:
Central Bank (CB)
commercial banks
insurance organizations
shares investment funds(mutual funds)
non-state pension funds (NPF)
stock exchanges, etc.
4. DEPOSITORS AND BORROWERS (individuals and legal entities)
5. LEGAL REGULATION OF FINANCIAL ACTIVITIES IN
RF

FINANCE

PUBLIC
(state)
CORPORATE
TASK:
distribution and redistribution
social product
and national income.
Intermediaries are financial institutions.
PERSONAL

Types of finance

Private finance
International 1. Personal finance and
family finances
finance
2. Finance small business,
State
corporate
finance
finance(finance
enterprises, businesses),
Municipal
bank finance,
finance (local
finance
finance)
non-profit
organizations
Public finance

FUNCTIONS OF FINANCE

DISTRIBUTION
distributed and redistributed gross domestic product
income, thanks to which funds flow into
order of the state, regions, municipalities and so on
CONTROL
through finance, the entire progress of distribution is monitored
process, also spending for the intended purpose
funds coming from the federal budget
REGULATORY
through finance (taxes, government loans etc.)
the state influences the production process
STABILIZING
providing citizens with stable economic and
social conditions
FISCAL
collection of taxes to solve economic and social problems.
political and other tasks of the state and society
STIMULATING
support for certain sectors of the economy through
investment financial resources

MAJOR FINANCIAL INSTITUTIONS

What is a financial institution?
FINANCIAL INSTITUTE - organization,
participating in the financial and credit system
Central Bank (CB)
commercial banks
insurance organizations
mutual funds
(mutual funds)
non-state pension
funds (NPF)
stock exchanges, etc.

BANKING SYSTEM is the totality of banks and other banks operating in the country
credit institutions and organizations.
Central Bank
(usually
he is alone)
Commercial banks
a lot of

Structure of the Russian banking system

central bank
RF
Non-bank
credit
organizations
Commercial banks
Universal
banks
Specialized
ny banks
Representative offices
banks
Foreign
banks
Bank branches
Associations
commercial banks

10. CENTRAL BANK

CENTRAL BANK (CB) - the main regulatory body for credit

BASIC FUNCTIONS OF THE CB:
emission monopoly in
regarding banknotes (only Central Bank
carries out money issue);
is a “bank of banks”, i.e.
clearing center
banking
Target:
systems, provides
to her
prevent
loans, in some countries
financial collapse
supervises
country
activities in banks;
is the government's bank;
conducts monetary
regulation;
stores gold and foreign exchange reserves
countries.
Federal
reserve
Central Bank
Russian
Federation
Bank of England
(Bank of Russia)
system
USA

11. Commercial banks

Commercial Bank- non-state
credit institution carrying out
universal banking for
legal and individuals(calculated,
payment transactions, attraction
deposits, loans, and
operations on the securities market
intermediary operations)

12. COMMERCIAL BANKS

COMMERCIAL BANK (commercial bank) – credit and financial
an organization serving businesses and the public.
Target:
profit

13.

Interest rates on issued
loans higher interest rates By
deposits. The difference between these
indicators is banking
profit - margin.
The main goal of the activity
organization is to receive
arrived.
At the same time, there are banks
specializing more deeply
on certain banking services.

14. Types of commercial banks

Industry banks – serve specific industries
economy (Gazprombank, Rosselkhozbank)
Intersectoral banks - serve all sectors of the economy
(Russian National Bank)
Regional banks – serve specific regions
countries (Mosbusinessbank)
Savings Bank - has branches in all regions
countries and specializes in accepting and storing deposits
population

15.

16.

17.

18.

19.

20.

21.

22.

Financial and credit
institutions
Kind of activity
Capital
Pension Fund
Payment of pensions and benefits.
Investing the collected funds in
purchase of securities to increase
pension fund
Pension
contributions
Investment
companies
Sale of own securities
investors. Mediation between
borrower and private investor.
Buying stocks and bonds
Cash
private funds
investors
Insurance companies
Providing insurance services for
compensation for damage, loss,
caused by unfavorable
events
Deductions
enterprises,
citizens
Financial companies
Providing consumer
credit and small loans
individual borrowers
Stock exchanges
Sale and purchase of securities
International
financial and credit
organizations
Financing and lending
different countries, promoting global
trade

23. OTHER FINANCIAL INSTITUTIONS

INSURANCE COMPANIES - organizations providing insurance
services intended to compensate for damages and losses of the unfortunate
cases.
NON-STATE PENSION FUNDS (NPF) - fund,
created by private and public companies,
enterprises for the payment of pensions and benefits to persons contributing
pension contributions to this fund.
MUTUAL INVESTMENT FUNDS (MUIFs) - financial and credit
an institution that collects funds from private investors through
sale of their own securities.
STOCK EXCHANGES are organizations specializing in the sale and
purchase of securities.
INTERSTATE FINANCIAL AND CREDIT INSTITUTIONS (World Bank, International Monetary Fund, European Bank
reconstruction and development, etc.). Engaged in financing and
lending to different countries, promote global trade,
assist in stabilizing the financial system.

24. LEGAL REGULATION OF FINANCIAL ACTIVITIES IN THE RF

What laws
regulated
financial
activities in the Russian Federation?
Constitution of the Russian Federation,
Civil Code of the Russian Federation,
Budget Code of the Russian Federation,
Tax Code of the Russian Federation
Federal Law "On the Central Bank"
Russian Federation"
Federal Law “On Banks and Banking
activities"
Federal Law “On the organization of insurance
affairs in the Russian Federation" and
etc.

25.

Write down the word missing in the table.
Banking system of Russia
top level
Lower level
...
bank
commercial
banks
Answer: central
non-bank
credit
organizations

26.

institutes of the Russian Federation and write down the numbers under which
they are indicated.
1) Central Bank - national bank,
issuing money and is
the center of the country's financial and credit system.
2) All financial institutions accept
contributions/deposits.
3) Pension funds specialize in
lending for sales of consumer goods in
installments and issuing consumer loans.
4) The Central Bank sets the discount rate.
5) Financial institutions provide services for
transfer of funds and provision of loans.
Answer: 145

27.

Choose the correct judgments about financial
institutes and write down the numbers under which they
indicated.
1) Financial institutions are organizations that
participating in the financial and credit system.
2) Commercial banks are engaged in attracting
household savings.
3) The Central Bank carries out cash settlements
between citizens and organizations.
4) Commercial banks exercise a monopoly
emission of money.
5) Commercial banks establish accounting
bet.
Answer: 12

28.

Below are a number of terms. All of them are for
with one exception, relate to the concept
"financial institution"
State corporation, pension
fund, insurance company, credit
institution, stock Exchange, investment company.
Find and indicate the term related to
another concept.
Answer: state corporation

29.

Below is a list of terms. All of them, with the exception of two, characterize types of financial
institutions.
1) investment fund
2) commercial bank
3) artel
4) insurance company
5) stock exchange
6) non-profit organization
Find two terms that “fall out” from the general
series, and write down the numbers under which they
indicated.
Answer: 36

30.

Organization Z raises funds
private investors, participates in securities trading and acts as an intermediary between borrowers and private
investors. Specify the type of financial
institutions to which the organization belongs
Z.
1) innovative institutions
2) stock institutions
3) investment institutions
4) mortgage institutions
Answer: 3

31.

Choose the correct judgments about the banking system and
write down the numbers under which they are indicated.
1) Insurance companies are a structural element of the banking system.
2) Acceptance of deposits from the public is considered active
commercial bank operations.
3) The Central Bank is the custodian of gold and foreign exchange
country's reserves.
4) Large enterprises open their deposit accounts
accounts with the Central Bank.
5) K passive operations commercial bank includes obtaining loans from other banks.
Answer: 35

32.

The figure shows the market situation mortgage lending: supply line S
moved to a new position - SI (P -
price of services, Q - number of services). This movement may be associated primarily with (with)
1) massive supply of inexpensive housing
On the market
2) crisis phenomena in the banking system,
growth of non-payments
3) reduction in prices for suburban real estate
4) growth in income of the population
Answer: 2

33.

Establish a correspondence between the functions of banks and
levels of the banking system: for each position given in
first column, select the appropriate position from
second column.
FUNCTION OF THE BANK
A) intermediation in lending
B) creation of credit money
C) supervision of the activities of credit institutions
D) accumulation of citizens' funds
D) establishing rules accounting and reporting for
banking system of the Russian Federation
BANKING LEVEL
SYSTEMS
1) Central Bank
2) commercial banks
Answer: 22121

34.

LET'S REPEAT:

35. QUOTE BOOK

Think before you invest, and don't forget to think after
invested them. (F. Doyle)
Money cannot buy one thing - poverty. Here you need to seek help
stock exchange. (Robert Orben)
People with means think that the most important thing in life is love; the poor know
It’s clear that the main thing is money. (Gerald Brenan)
Creating a balanced budget is like protecting your
virtue: you need to learn to say no. (Ronald Reagan)
An idealist is someone who helps others get rich. (Henry Ford)
A banker is a person who will lend you an umbrella in
sunny weather to pick it up as soon as it starts
rain. (Robert Frost)
Wall Street is the only place on Earth where people
come in Rolls-Royces to ask for advice
people who travel by subway. (Warren Buffett)
Money must be managed, not served.
(Lucius Annaeus Seneca)

36.

GLOSSARY
FINANCE - art and science
money management.
Central Bank - CENTRAL BANK (central bank) the main regulatory body of credit
systems of a country or group of countries.
COMMERCIAL BANK (commercial bank) –
financial institution,
serving enterprises and the population.
NON-CASH MONEY, DEPOSITS (deposits) entries in bank accounts.
REFINANCING RATE
or DISCOUNT RATE –
interest rate at which the Central Bank
provides loans to commercial
banks.

37.

WHEN PREPARING YOUR PRESENTATION
MATERIALS USED:
Queen G.E. Economics: grades 10-11: textbook for
students of general education institutions. M,
Ventana-Graf, 2013
Kireev A.P. Economics: Textbook for grades 10-11
general education institutions (basic level)
. M. VITA-PRESS, 2012
Baranov P.A. Social studies: Economics: express tutor for preparing for the Unified State Exam. M. Astrel. 2013
Makarov O.Yu. Social studies: Complete course. Multimedia tutor. St. Petersburg, Peter, 2012
http://ru.wikipedia.org
DISTANCE LEARNING:
http://interneturok.ru/ru/school/obshestvoznanie/11-klass/bchelovek-i-ekonomikab/finansy-ikapital?seconds=0&chapter_id=350 – Internet Lesson “Finance and Capital”
http://interneturok.ru/ru/school/obshestvoznanie/11-klass/bchelovek-i-ekonomikab/bankovskayasistema?seconds=0&chapter_id=350 - Internet Lesson “Banking system”.
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=g71RKsjqN1U&index=12&list=PLtOS0Uj5KV7DRrJaRB1Ycrgfsxz-zjFZI –
video lecture Kotsar E.S. “Money, financial institutions, banking system” Part 2.
SITES FOR PREPARING FOR THE Unified State Exam:
http://www.ege.edu.ru/ - official portal of the Unified State Exam (exam calendar; codifier, specification,
demo version; score conversion scale; Personal Area).
http://fipi.ru – open bank Unified State Exam assignments.
http://soc.reshuege.ru – bank of Unified State Exam tasks, it is possible to check the answers, there are comments for all
questions.
http://stupinaoa.narod.ru/index/0-20 - here you can find detailed plans and assessment criteria for
various topics of the social studies course.

Bank concept comes from the Italian language, and translated means bench, table. Banchieri was the name given to money changers and moneylenders in medieval Italy.

Bank- This financial institution which carries out various types of transactions with money and securities. Banks are financial institutions, which provide Financial services government, individuals and legal entities. Bank properties:

making a profit;
carrying out banking operations;
opening and maintaining bank accounts for individuals and legal entities;
activities based on a state license;
lack of rights to engage in trading, manufacturing or insurance activities.

Types of banks not numerous: central banks and commercial ones. Central banks - regulate the banking system at the state level, including the issue of national currency. Commercial banks conduct business activities in the banking system.

There are three types of commercial banks:

investment banks (investments, securities);
savings banks (deposits, deposits);
universal (all types of banking activities).

Functions of banks.

Storing client money: the first historically, and still one of the main functions of the bank.
Transfer of money from one client to another by bank transfer (by changing the relevant records).
Loans(loans have a stimulating effect on the production sector of the economy and on entrepreneurship; in addition, another positive aspect of this function is the creation of additional money supply).
In the resources of banks, attracted and borrowed capital prevails over their own, which entails increased responsibility to client depositors and creditors.
Simultaneous work with clients from different fields of activity, including with opponents (competitors).

Bank resources consist of equity capital and borrowed funds. Equity- this is the bank's reserve fund, a means of protection in the event of a bank's loss of liquidity and the need to return deposits. Own capital consists of:

authorized capital ( minimum size bank property);
funds from profits;
additional capital (income from the sale of securities, exchange rate differences and differences in the revaluation of fixed assets).

Raising funds from bank resources is:

deposits of individuals and legal entities;
interbank loans;
bank bills and bonds.

Banking system.

Banking system is a complex of all types of national banks and credit institutions. Structure of the banking system consists of two levels.

At the top level is the central or issuing bank, which regulates the activities of the entire system. At the lower level are commercial banks (universal and specialized - investment, savings, mortgage, credit, etc.).

The main elements in the infrastructure of the banking system:

legislative norms;
regulations for transactions;
accounting, reporting and database processing;
structure of the management apparatus (management).

Banking infrastructure is something without which the banking system cannot develop normally; it represents for banks the same regulator of behavior as moral and legal norms for humans.

Speaking about banks and the banking system, one cannot fail to mention the concept bank secrecy- a kind of code of honor for the bank. In some countries, all bank employees are prohibited from disseminating information about clients, their accounts and the movements of funds.