28. What additional information is attached to financial statements:

c) list of debtor organizations;

29. What is a statement of changes in equity:

b) Form No. 3 of financial statements;

30. What are the requirements for financial statements:

a) reliability;

c) completeness of information reflection;

31. What are financial statements:

b) one system data on the property and financial position of the organization and its results economic activity compiled on the basis of accounting data;

32. The financial statements of an organization in business practice are used as a basis:

b) for evaluation financial situation organization by the main groups of users of accounting (financial) statements;

33. Organizations can prepare reports using the following forms:

b) approved by order of the Ministry of Finance of Russia;

34. The main purpose of preparing financial statements is:

b) ensuring the usefulness of the resulting accounting information for users of financial information;

35. What are distinctive features accounting statements:

a) compiled on the basis of synthetic and analytical accounting, confirmed primary documents and inventory results;

36. The organization must prepare reports:

a) statistical;

37. What are the requirements for information disclosed in financial statements:

a) reporting must fully and reliably reflect the property and financial position of the organization;

38. Reporting is considered reliable if it:

b) does not contain significant errors or biased assessments and truthfully reflects business activities;

39. Statements are considered comparable if:

a) its data for the periods preceding the reporting period are comparable with the data for reporting period;

40. Accounting statements perform the following functions:

c) is an information base for making management decisions by the head of the organization.

41. What determines the need for harmonization of accounting at the international level:

b) the entry of national companies into international market;

42. Expand the main areas of work on harmonization of accounting:

b) regional, national, international;

43. What should a complete kit include? annual reports according to IFRS 1 “Presentation financial statements»:

a) balance sheet, income statement, capital statement, income statement Money, description of accounting policies, explanations of reporting;

44. A feature of the preparation and presentation of reporting in accordance with IFRS is that:

b) the location of balance sheet items is regulated;

45. What was chosen as a guideline for reform national system accounting:

b) the principles contained in the system international standards financial statements (IFRS);

46. ​​What regulatory documents regulate methodological approaches to the preparation of financial statements:

b) PBU 4/99 “Accounting statements of an organization”;

47. What is included in the annual financial statements in Russia:

c) balance sheet, profit and loss statement, appendices thereto, explanatory note, auditor's report, if the organization is in accordance with federal legislation subject to mandatory audit

48. Basic requirements for the preparation of financial statements:

d) reporting must be reliable, complete, include performance indicators of branches, and be based on data from unified forms primary documentation synthetic and analytical accounting, compiled in Russian, in Russian currency and signed by the head and chief accountant of the organization.

49. From the list below, select required details, which, according to the instructions of the Ministry of Finance of Russia, must be present on all forms of financial statements submitted by the organization to the appropriate addresses:

a) full name legal entity;

c) the name of the component part of the financial statements;

e) an identification number taxpayer (TIN);

g) type of activity;

i) indication of the reporting date or reporting period;

j) legal form/form of ownership;

k) unit of measurement;

o) date of approval;

n) date of dispatch/acceptance.

50. Accounting statements presented to all users, including tax authorities:

b) must be identical in the composition of the forms adopted by organizations in in the prescribed manner;

51. Accounting statements must be presented:

d) on on paper and with the consent of users in electronic form.

52. The “location” (address) of a legal entity is indicated in:

c) balance sheet;

BALANCE SHEET

1. What amount of profit should be included in the balance sheet currency:

c) retained earnings

2. What value of fixed assets should be included in the balance sheet currency:

a) residual;

3. Intangible assets on the balance sheet must be reflected in the valuation:

4. Data from settlement accounts in the balance sheet must be reflected:

b) expanded;

5. The data of balance sheet items can be checked by checking with the data:

d) General ledger and analytical accounting registers.

6. What does it mean that the balance sheet asset contains the amount under the item “ Accounts receivable»:

b) advances issued for the future supply of inventory items (inventory);

7. Based on which document is the balance sheet compiled:

b) General Ledger;

8. Who is provided with the balance sheet:

b) the head of the organization;

9. What indicators are reflected in the balance sheet:

c) reserve capital;

10. The presence of the item “Accounts payable” in the balance sheet means:

d) bills payable.

11. Debt on loans and credits received is reflected in the balance sheet:

a) taking into account interest due at the end of the reporting period;

12. Financial investments are reflected in the balance sheet:

c) according to a separate item as part of current and non-current assets, depending on the period of their circulation;

13. The item “Short-term financial investments” does not reflect:

d) own shares purchased from shareholders.

14. The item “Short-term financial investments” in the balance sheet includes:

b) certificates of deposit;

15. Under what balance sheet item are funds received for targeted financing reflected:

c) future income;

16. What is the total amount of assets and liabilities of the balance sheet called:

b) balance sheet currency;

17. The left side of the balance sheet, intended to reflect data on the availability of funds of the organization, is called:

b) an asset;

18. What is the relationship between balance sheet items and accounting accounts:

a) straight;

19. What sections does the balance sheet contain:

b) capital and reserves;

G) Short-term liabilities

20. What is meant by the term “net balance”:

c) balance sheet taking into account regulatory items;

21. What attitude to economic means has the item “Losses” and where it is reflected in the balance sheet:

b) in section III balance;

22. Which articles are regulating:

c) trade margin;

d) amortization of intangible assets

23. What objects relate to the organization’s sources of funds:

c) profit;

d) authorized capital

24. Which items and in which parts of the balance sheet are reflected the initial cost of fixed assets and depreciation:

b) in section I of the balance sheet under the item “Fixed assets”;

c) Initial cost - Depreciation of objects;

26. To which item should accrued wages be attributed and in which section of the balance sheet is the debt to personnel reflected? wages:

d) to the item “Debt to the organization’s personnel” in section V of the balance sheet

27. In which section of the balance sheet are funds in the organization’s cash desk reflected:

A) " Current assets»;

28. What is a balance sheet:

b) financial statements;

reporting period - the period for which the organization must prepare financial statements;

reporting date - the date as of which the organization must prepare financial statements;

user - a legal or natural person interested in information about the organization.

III. Composition of financial statements and general requirements for them

5. Accounting statements consist of a balance sheet, a profit and loss statement, appendices thereto and an explanatory note (hereinafter referred to as appendices). balance sheet and the profit and loss report and explanatory note are referred to as explanations to the balance sheet and profit and loss report), as well as an auditor’s report confirming the reliability of the organization’s financial statements, if they are in accordance with federal laws subject to mandatory audit.

19. In the balance sheet, assets and liabilities should be presented with a division depending on the maturity period (maturity) into short-term and long-term. Assets and liabilities are presented as short-term if their maturity (maturity) period is no more than 12 months after the reporting date or the duration of the operating cycle, if it exceeds 12 months. All other assets and liabilities are presented as non-current.

20. The balance sheet must contain the following numerical indicators (taking into account what is stated in paragraphs 6 and these Regulations):

	Group of articles
Fixed assets	Intangible assets	Rights to intellectual (industrial) property Patents, licenses, trademarks, service marks, other similar rights and assets Organizational expenses Business reputation of the organization
	Fixed assets	Land plots and environmental management facilities Buildings, machinery, equipment and other fixed assets Construction in progress
	Profitable investments in material assets	Property for leasing Property provided under a rental agreement
	Financial investments	Investments in subsidiaries Investments in dependent companies Investments in other organizations Loans provided to organizations for a period of more than 12 months Other financial investments
Current assets		Raw materials, materials and other similar assets Costs in work in progress (distribution costs) Finished products, goods for resale and goods shipped Deferred expenses
	Value added tax on purchased assets
	Accounts receivable	Buyers and customers Bills receivable Debt of subsidiaries and affiliates Debt of participants (founders) for contributions to the authorized capital Advances issued Other debtors
	Financial investments	Loans provided to organizations for a period of less than 12 months Own shares purchased from shareholders Other financial investments
	Cash	Current accounts Currency accounts Other funds
Capital and reserves	Authorized capital Additional capital Reserve capital	Reserves formed in accordance with legislation Reserves formed in accordance with constituent documents
	Retained earnings (uncovered loss - deducted)
long term duties	Borrowed funds	Loans due to be repaid more than 12 months after the reporting date Loans due to be repaid more than 12 months after the reporting date
	Other obligations
Short-term liabilities	Borrowed funds	Loans due to be repaid within 12 months after the reporting date Loans due to be repaid within 12 months after the reporting date
	Accounts payable	Suppliers and contractors Bills payable Debt to subsidiaries and dependent companies Debt to the organization's personnel Debt to the budget and state extra-budgetary funds Debt to participants (founders) for payment of income Advances received Other creditors
	Deferred income Reserves upcoming expenses and payments

21. The profit and loss statement must characterize the financial results of the organization for the reporting period.

22. In the income statement, income and expenses must be shown with divisions into ordinary and other.

23. The profit and loss statement must contain the following numerical indicators (taking into account what is stated in paragraphs 6 and these Regulations):

Proceeds from the sale of goods, products, works, services minus value added tax, excise taxes, etc. taxes and obligatory payments (net revenue)

Cost of goods, products, works, services sold (except for commercial and administrative expenses)

Gross profit

Business expenses

on the availability at the beginning and end of the reporting period and the movement during the reporting period of certain types of fixed assets;

on the availability at the beginning and end of the reporting period and the movement of leased fixed assets during the reporting period;

on the availability at the beginning and end of the reporting period and the movement during the reporting period of certain types of financial investments;

on the existence of certain types of receivables at the beginning and end of the reporting period;

on changes in the capital (authorized, reserve, additional, etc.) of the organization;

on the number of shares issued by the joint-stock company and fully paid; the number of shares issued but not paid or partially paid; nominal value shares owned by the joint-stock company, its subsidiaries and affiliates;

on the composition of reserves for upcoming expenses and payments, estimated reserves, their availability at the beginning and end of the reporting period, the movement of funds from each reserve during the reporting period;

on the availability at the beginning and end of the reporting period of certain types accounts payable;

about extraordinary facts of economic activity and their consequences;

about any issued and received security for the organization’s obligations and payments;

28. Explanations to the balance sheet and profit and loss statement disclose information in the form of separate reporting forms (cash flow statement, statement of changes in capital, etc.) and in the form of an explanatory note.

The item in the balance sheet and income statement to which explanations are provided must indicate such disclosure.

29. The financial statements must disclose data on cash flows in the reporting period, characterizing the availability, receipt and expenditure of funds in the organization.

The cash flow statement must characterize changes in the financial position of the organization in the context of current, investing and financing activities.

The cash flow statement must contain the following numerical indicators (taking into account what is stated in paragraphs 6 and these Regulations):

Cash balance at the beginning of the reporting period

Funds received - total

including:

from the sale of products, goods, works and services

from the sale of fixed assets and other property

advances received from buyers (customers)

budgetary allocations and other targeted funding

loans and borrowings, dividends received, interest on financial investments

other supply

Funds sent - total

including:

to pay for goods, works, services

for wages

for contributions to state extra-budgetary funds

for issuing advances

for financial investments

for payment of dividends, interest on securities

for budget calculations

to pay interest on loans received

other payments, transfers

Cash balance at the end of the reporting period

30. Business partnerships and companies, as part of their financial statements, must disclose information about the presence and changes in the authorized (share) capital, reserve capital and other components of the organization’s capital.

The statement of changes in capital must contain the following numerical indicators (taking into account what is stated in paragraphs 6 and these Regulations):

The amount of capital at the beginning of the reporting period

Capital increase - total

including:

through additional issue of shares

due to property revaluation

due to property growth

due to reorganization of a legal entity (merger, accession)

at the expense of income that, in accordance with the rules of accounting and reporting, are directly attributed to the increase in capital

Reduction of capital - total

including:

by reducing the par value of shares

by reducing the number of shares

due to the reorganization of a legal entity (division, spin-off)

due to expenses that, in accordance with the rules of accounting and reporting, are directly included in the reduction of capital

The amount of capital at the end of the reporting period

31. Explanations to the balance sheet and profit and loss statement must disclose (if these data are not included in the information accompanying the accounting report):

legal address of the organization;

main activities;

the average annual number of employees for the reporting period or the number of employees as of the reporting date;

composition (names and positions) of members of the organization’s executive and control bodies.

VII. Rules for evaluating financial statements items

32. When assessing items in the financial statements, the organization must ensure compliance with the assumptions and requirements provided for in the Regulations on accounting "Accounting policy organizations" PBU 1/98.

33. The balance sheet data at the beginning of the reporting period must be comparable with the balance sheet data for the period preceding the reporting period (taking into account the reorganization carried out, as well as changes related to the application of the Accounting Regulations “Accounting Policies of the Organization”).

34. In the financial statements, offsets between items of assets and liabilities, items of profit and loss are not allowed, except in cases where such offset is provided for by the relevant accounting provisions.

35. The balance sheet should include numerical indicators in a net valuation, i.e. minus regulatory values, which must be disclosed in the notes to the balance sheet and profit and loss account.

36. The rules for evaluating individual items of financial statements are established by the relevant accounting provisions.

37. In case of deviation from the rules provided for in paragraphs 32 - 35 of these Regulations, significant deviations must be disclosed in the explanations to the balance sheet and profit and loss statement, along with an indication of the reasons that caused these deviations and the effect that these deviations had on understanding status of the organization's financial position, reflection financial results its activities and changes in its financial position.

38. Items in the financial statements prepared for the reporting year must be supported by the results of the inventory of assets and liabilities.

VIII. Information accompanying financial statements

39. An organization may provide additional information accompanying financial statements if the executive body considers it useful for interested users when making economic decisions. It reveals the dynamics of the most important economic and financial indicators of the organization’s activities over a number of years; planned development of the organization; expected capital and long-term financial investments; policy regarding borrowed money, risk management; activities of the organization in the field of research and development work; environmental protection measures; other information.

Additional information, if necessary, can be presented in the form of analytical tables, graphs and diagrams.

When disclosing additional information, for example, environmental protection measures, the main activities carried out and planned by the organization in the field of environmental protection, the impact of these activities on the level of long-term investments and profitability in the reporting year, characteristics financial consequences for future periods, data on payments for violation of environmental legislation, environmental payments and fees for Natural resources, current environmental protection costs and the degree of their impact on the financial results of the organization.

IX. Audit of financial statements

For an organization, the day of its mailing or the day of its actual transfer by ownership is considered.

If the date of submission of financial statements falls on a non-working day (weekend), then the deadline for submission of financial statements is considered to be the first working day following it.

XI. Interim financial statements

48. The organization must prepare interim financial statements for the month, quarter on an accrual basis from the beginning of the reporting year, unless otherwise provided by law Russian Federation.

49. Interim financial statements consist of a balance sheet and a profit and loss account, unless otherwise established by the legislation of the Russian Federation or the founders (participants) of the organization.

50. General requirements for interim financial statements, the content of their parts, and the rules for evaluating items are determined in accordance with these Regulations.

51. The organization must prepare interim financial statements no later than 30 days after the end of the reporting period, unless otherwise provided by the legislation of the Russian Federation.

52. The presentation and publication of interim financial statements is carried out in cases and in the manner provided for by the legislation of the Russian Federation or the constituent documents of the organization.

Main normative document regulating the composition and content of financial statements is PBU 4/99 “Accounting statements of an organization”.

Under financial statements is understood as a unified system of data on the property and financial position of an organization and the results of its economic activities, compiled on the basis of accounting data in established forms.

Reporting period- the period for which the organization must prepare financial statements.

Reporting date- the date as of which the organization must prepare financial statements. For the preparation of financial statements, the reporting date is considered to be the last calendar day of the reporting period.

Accounting statements are prepared for the reporting year. The reporting year for all organizations is the calendar year (from January 1 to December 31 inclusive). The first reporting year for newly created organizations is considered to be the period from the date of their state registration to December 31 of the corresponding year, and for organizations created after October 1 - to December 31 of the following year.

Data on business transactions carried out before the state registration of organizations is included in their financial statements for the first reporting year. For each numerical indicator of the financial statements, except for the report prepared for the first reporting period, data must be provided for at least two years - the reporting year and the one preceding the reporting one.

390 Financial Accounting

14.1. Accounting reporting requirements

Monthly and quarterly reporting is interim and is compiled on an accrual basis from the beginning of the reporting year.

General requirements for financial statements are presented in the table.

Table. Accounting reporting requirements

Financial Accounting 391

End of table.

1. Which financial statements will be considered reliable and
full?

2. What does materiality of information mean? Give examples.

14.2. Composition and content of financial statements

Part annual financial statements of organizations include:

Balance sheet (form No. 1);

Profit and loss statement (form No. 2);

Statement of changes in capital (form No. 3);

Cash flow statement (form No. 4);

Appendix to the balance sheet (form No. 5);

Explanatory note;

The final part of the auditor's report confirming
the reliability of the organization's financial statements, if it
subject to mandatory audit.

Small businesses have the right not to submit forms No. 3, No. 4, No. 5 as part of the annual report.

Intermediate Accounting statements consist of a balance sheet and a profit and loss account.

Balance sheet characterizes the financial position of the organization at the reporting date.

The balance sheet is prepared in net valuation, i.e. minus regulatory values, which are disclosed in the notes to the balance sheet and profit and loss account. The rules for evaluating individual articles are established by the relevant

392 Financial Accounting

accounting regulations. Balance sheet items are filled out on the basis of data from the General Ledger (or other register similar in purpose) on the balance values ​​of the accounting accounts.

Gains and losses report characterizes the financial results of the organization for the reporting period. This report consists of two main sections: “Income and expenses for common types activities" and "Other income and expenses", on the basis of which the financial result of the reporting period is calculated - net profit(lesion).

Cash flow statement compiled for the reporting year and the same period of the previous year. It must contain information on cash flows and their balances at the beginning and end of the reporting period for current, investing and financial activities.

Current The activity of an organization is considered to be one that pursues making a profit as the main goal or does not have making a profit as such a goal in accordance with the subject and goals of the activity, i.e. production of industrial and agricultural products, construction work, sale of goods, provision of services Catering, procurement of agricultural products, delivery of property to

rent, etc.

Investment The organization's activities related to the acquisition are considered land plots, buildings and other real estate, equipment, intangible assets and other non-current assets, as well as their sale; carrying out own construction, R&D expenses; making financial investments (purchase valuable papers other organizations, including debt ones, contributions to the authorized (share) capital of other organizations, provision of loans to other organizations, etc.).

Financial The activity of an organization is considered as a result of which the size and composition of the organization’s equity capital and borrowed funds change (proceeds from the issue of shares and bonds, receipt of loans from other organizations, repayment of borrowed funds, etc.).

Statement of changes in equity consists of two sections and help. The section “Changes in capital” indicates the balances at the beginning and end of the previous and reporting years of all components

Financial Accounting 393

14. Accounting statements of the organization

capital of the organization (authorized, reserve, additional, as well as retained earnings (uncovered loss)), the amount of their increase and decrease, indicating the reasons.

The “Reserves” section reflects the balances at the beginning and end of the previous and reporting year, as well as the receipt and use for the previous and reporting years for each type of reserves created by the organization.

In the “References” section, the value of the organization’s net assets and the amount of targeted financing are given at the beginning of the reporting year and at the end of the reporting period.

Appendix to the balance sheet is a transcript of individual balance sheet items, explaining the presence and movement of:

Intangible assets;

Fixed assets;

Financial investments;

Accounts receivable and payable;

Expenses for ordinary activities (elements for
spending) etc.

Explanatory note should disclose information relevant to the entity's accounting policies and provide users with additional information that is not appropriate to include in the balance sheet and income statement, but is necessary to real assessment the financial position of the organization, the financial results of its activities and changes in its financial position.

According to Art. 15 of the Federal Law “On Accounting”, organizations are required to submit annual financial statements within 90 days after the end of the year, quarterly - within 30 days after the end of the quarter to the founders, participants of the organization or owners of its property, as well as territorial bodies of state statistics at the place of registration of the organization .

To confirm the reliability of financial statements and their compliance with accounting data, organizations are required to submit an auditor's report.

Mandatory audit is carried out in accordance with the Federal Law of August 7, 2001 No. 119-FZ “On Auditing Activities”.

The following are subject to mandatory verification:

" open joint stock companies regardless of the number of shareholders and size authorized capital;

394 Financial Accounting

14.2. Composition and content of financial statements

Banks and others credit institutions;

Insurance organizations and mutual insurance companies;

Commodity and stock exchanges;

Investment funds;

State extra-budgetary funds, sources of education
the formation of funds which are provided for by law
by the Russian Federation mandatory deductions made legally
ski and individuals(For example, Pension Fund RF);

Funds, the sources of which are
There are voluntary contributions from individuals and legal entities.

In addition, mandatory audit Economic entities (with the exception of those wholly in state or municipal ownership) are subject to the presence of at least one of the following financial indicators of their activities:

Volume of revenue from sales of products (works, services) for
year exceeding 500,000 times the statutory limit
Vom RF minimum size wages;

The amount of balance sheet assets exceeding at the end of the reporting period
year 200,000 times the minimum established by the legislation of the Russian Federation
small wages.

The final part of the auditor's report issued based on the results of the mandatory audit of financial statements must be attached to these statements.

When preparing financial statements, the organization must be guided by the requirements of PBU 7/98 “Events after the reporting date”, PBU 8/01 “Conditional facts of economic activity”, PBU 11/2000 “Information about affiliated persons”, PBU 12/2000 “Information by segments” , PBU 13/2000 “Accounting for state aid”, PBU 16/02 “Information on discontinued activities”. Dedicated to reporting in accordance with all requirements of PBU tutorial Patrova V.V., Bykova V.A. “Accounting statements of the organization.”

Accounting statements are open to users - founders (participants), investors, credit institutions, creditors, buyers, suppliers, etc. The organization must provide users with the opportunity to familiarize themselves with the accounting statements.

In accordance with Art. 16 of the Federal Law “On Accounting”, the publicity of financial statements lies in their

Financial Accounting 395

14. Accounting statements of the organization

publication in newspapers and magazines or distribution of brochures, booklets and other publications containing financial statements, as well as their transfer to territorial state statistics bodies at the place of registration of the organization for provision to interested users. Publication of financial statements is carried out no later than June 1 of the year following the reporting year.

Control questions and tasks

1. What is included in the annual and quarterly financial statements
sti?

2. How is the balance sheet prepared?

3. Should data from annual financial statements be included?
confirmed by the results of the inventory of assets and liabilities?

4. What characterizes the income statement?

5. What is disclosed in the explanatory note?

6. Name the report that includes information about clean shares
tivah organization.

7. When and to whom should the financial statements be submitted?
ness?

8. Is the public sector subject to mandatory annual audit?
that is Joint-Stock Company, if the amount of balance sheet assets does not exceed
Is the limit established by law at the end of the year?

When an organization independently develops financial reporting forms based on the sample forms given in the appendix to the order of the Ministry of Finance of the Russian Federation dated January 13, 2000. No. 4n “On the forms of financial reporting of organizations”, general requirements for financial reporting must be observed (completeness, materiality, neutrality, comparability, comparability, etc.).

Financial statements must include information necessary to form a true and complete picture of the financial position of the organization, the financial results of its activities and changes in its financial position. If there is insufficient data to form a complete picture of the financial position of the organization, the financial results of its activities and changes in its financial position, then the organization includes relevant additional indicators and explanations in the financial statements. At the same time, the neutrality of the information contained in the financial statements must be ensured, i.e., the unilateral satisfaction of the interests of some groups of interested users of financial statements over others must be included. If, through selection or presentation, information influences the decisions and evaluations of users to achieve predetermined results, the information is not neutral.

The organization's financial reporting data must include performance indicators for all branches; representative offices and other divisions (including those allocated to separate balance sheets).

Indicators about individual assets, liabilities, income, expenses and business transactions, as well as components of capital, should be presented separately in the financial statements in cases of their materiality and if without knowledge of them by interested users it is impossible to assess the financial position of the organization or the financial results of its activities.

Each material item must be presented separately in the financial statements. Immaterial amounts of a similar nature or purpose may be combined and not presented separately.

An indicator is considered significant if its non-disclosure could affect economic decisions interested users, adopted on the basis of reporting information. The organization's decision on whether a given indicator is significant depends on the assessment of the indicator, its nature, and the specific circumstances of its occurrence.

At a minimum, an organization must disclose in its financial statements data on groups of items included in the balance sheet and items included in the profit and loss statement, in accordance with the requirement of the Accounting Regulations “Accounting Statements of an Organization” PBU 4/99.

Explanation of the corresponding indicators of groups of balance sheet items or profit and loss statement items, taking into account the size and characteristics of the data included in the group of balance sheet items or profit and loss statement items, can be provided by the organization directly in the above forms (as “including” or “of these” to the relevant groups of items or items) or in the notes to the balance sheet and income statement. It should be borne in mind that an amount is considered significant if its ratio to the total of the relevant data for the reporting year is at least five percent. An entity may decide to apply a criterion different from the above for the purposes of reporting material information in the financial statements.

When drawing up a balance sheet, profit and loss statement and explanations thereto, an organization must adhere to the contents and forms of financial statements adopted by it in the established manner from one reporting year to another. Moreover, in case of failure to fill out one or another article (line, column) provided for in the form adopted by the organization, due to the organization’s lack of relevant assets, liabilities, income, expenses in the reporting period, business transactions this article (line, column) is crossed out.

For each numerical indicator of financial statements, except for the report prepared by a newly created organization for the first reporting period, data must be provided for at least two years - the reporting year and the one preceding the reporting one.

If an organization decides to disclose data for each numerical indicator for more than two years (three or more) in the financial statements presented, then the organization must ensure comparability of data for all periods.

Comparative information for each numerical indicator can be included directly in the reporting forms accepted by the organization (including in the form of separate tables included directly in the forms of the balance sheet or profit and loss statement after the indicators, in the Appendix to the balance sheet (form No. 5), in forms developed and adopted by the organization independently) or in an explanatory note.

The financial statements of the organization must ensure comparability of the reporting data with indicators for the previous reporting year (years) or corresponding periods of previous reporting periods based on changes associated with the application of the Accounting Regulations “Accounting Policies of the Organization” PBU 1/98, legislative and other regulations acts, taking into account the reorganization carried out, etc.

If the data for the period preceding the reporting period are not comparable with the data for the reporting period, then the first of these data are subject to adjustment based on the rules established regulations in accounting. Each material adjustment must be disclosed in the notes to the balance sheet and income statement along with the reasons for the adjustment.

Accounting statements consist of:

• balance sheet; profit and loss statement;
• appendices to them and an explanatory note (hereinafter, the appendices to the balance sheet and profit and loss account and the explanatory note are referred to as explanations to the balance sheet and profit and loss report);
• an auditor's report confirming the reliability of the organization's financial statements, if they are subject to mandatory audit in accordance with federal laws. Interim financial statements consist of a balance sheet and a profit and loss statement, unless otherwise established by the legislation of the Russian Federation or the founders (participants) of the organization.

Accounting statements must provide a true and complete picture of the financial position of the organization, the financial results of its activities and changes in its financial position. Accounting statements generated on the basis of the rules established by regulatory acts on accounting are considered reliable and complete.

When preparing financial statements, the organization must ensure the neutrality of the information contained in it, i.e. unilateral satisfaction of the interests of some groups of users of financial statements over others is excluded. Information is not neutral if, through selection or presentation, it influences the decisions and evaluations of users to achieve predetermined results or consequences.

The organization's financial statements must include performance indicators for all branches, representative offices and other divisions (including those allocated to separate balance sheets).

When drawing up a balance sheet, profit and loss statement and explanations thereto, the organization is obliged to adhere to its accepted content and form consistently from one reporting period to another. Changes to the accepted content and form of the balance sheet, profit and loss statement and explanations thereto are permitted in exceptional cases, for example, when the type of activity changes. The organization must provide confirmation of the validity of each such change. A significant change must be disclosed in the notes to the balance sheet and income statement together with the reasons for the change.

For each numerical indicator of the financial statements, except for the report prepared for the first reporting period, data must be provided for at least two years - the reporting year and the one preceding the reporting year. If the data for the period preceding the reporting period are not comparable with the data for the reporting period, then the former are subject to adjustment based on the rules established by regulatory acts on accounting. Each material adjustment must be disclosed in the notes to the balance sheet and income statement along with the reasons for the adjustment.

Items of the balance sheet, profit and loss statement and other separate forms of financial statements that are subject to disclosure in accordance with accounting provisions and for which there are no numerical values ​​of assets, liabilities, income, expenses and other indicators are crossed out (in standard forms) or are not provided (in forms developed independently and in the explanatory note).

Indicators for individual assets, liabilities, income, expenses and business transactions should be presented separately in the financial statements if they are significant and if without them interested users cannot assess the financial position of the organization or the financial results of its activities.

Indicators for certain types of assets, liabilities, income, expenses and business transactions may be presented in the balance sheet or profit and loss statement in a total amount with disclosure in the notes to the balance sheet and profit and loss statement, if each of these indicators individually is not significant for assessment by interested users of the financial position of the organization or the financial results of its activities.

For the preparation of financial statements, the reporting date is considered to be the last calendar day of the reporting period.

When preparing financial statements for the reporting year, the reporting year is the calendar year from January 1 to December 31 inclusive.

The first reporting year for newly created organizations is considered to be the period from the date of their state registration until December 31 of the corresponding year, and for organizations created after October 1 - until December 31 of the following year.

Each part of the financial statements must contain the following data:

• name of the part;
• indication of the reporting date or reporting period for which the financial statements were prepared;
• name of the organization indicating its organizational and legal form;
• format for presenting numerical indicators of financial statements.

The financial statements are signed by the manager and Chief Accountant(accountant) organization.

In organizations where accounting is carried out on a contractual basis by a specialized organization (centralized accounting department) or a specialist accountant, the financial statements are signed by the head of the organization and the head of the specialized organization (centralized accounting department) or by a specialist conducting accounting.