Definition

Accounting (financial) reporting- information necessary for users of these statements to make economic decisions about financial position economic entity as of the reporting date, the financial result of its activities and movement Money for, systematized in accordance with the requirements established by the law "On Accounting", presented in a user-friendly, standardized format (clause 1, article 3, clause 1, article 13 federal law dated 06.12.2011 N 402-FZ.

Frequency of preparation of accounting (financial) statements

An economic entity must draw up annual accounting (financial) statements (clause 2, article 13 of the Federal Law of December 6, 2011 N 402-FZ).

Interim accounting (financial) statements (for a reporting period of less than a year) are compiled by an economic entity in cases where legislation, agreements, constituent documents or decisions of the owner of an economic entity establish the obligation to submit it (clause 4, article 13 of the Federal Law of December 6, 2011 N 402 -FZ).

Composition of accounting (financial) statements

Interim accounting (financial) reporting consists of a balance sheet and a statement of financial results, unless otherwise provided by law, agreements, constituent documents or decisions of the owner of an economic entity (clause 3, article 14 of the Federal Law of December 6, 2011 N 402-FZ; p 49 PBU 4/99).

The composition of the annual accounting (financial) statements depends on the category of economic entity:

• Individual entrepreneurs, as well as branches, representative offices or other structural subdivisions of an organization established in accordance with the legislation of a foreign state located on the territory of the Russian Federation - if, in accordance with the tax legislation of the Russian Federation, they manage expenses and (or) other objects of taxation in the manner established by the specified legislation - they may not draw up accounting (financial) statements (clause 2, article 6 of the Federal Law of December 6, 2011 N 402-FZ);

• small businesses, non-profit organizations, organizations that have received the status of participants in the project for the implementation of research, development and commercialization of their results in accordance with the Federal Law of September 28, 2010 N 244-FZ "On the Skolkovo Innovation Center" (with the exception of the organizations specified below ) - can draw up simplified accounting (financial) statements (clause 4, article 6 of the Federal Law of December 6, 2011 N 402-FZ);

other organizations, including organizations whose accounting (financial) statements are subject to mandatory audit, housing cooperatives, consumer credit cooperatives, microfinance organizations, public sector organizations, political parties, their regional branches or other structural subdivisions, bar associations, law firms, legal consultations, law firms chambers, notary chambers, non-profit organizations included in the register provided for in paragraph 10 of Article 13.1 of the Federal Law of January 12, 1996 N 7-FZ "On Non-Profit Organizations" non-profit organizations acting as a foreign agent - must draw up accounting (financial) statements in the general manner (clause 5, article 6 of the Federal Law of December 6, 2011 N 402-FZ).

The simplified annual accounting (financial) statements consist of (clause 6 of the Order of the Ministry of Finance of Russia dated July 2, 2010 N 66n):

balance sheet;

appendices to the balance sheet, income statement, report on the intended use of funds, which contain only the most important information, without knowledge of which it is impossible to assess the financial position of the organization or the financial results of its activities.

The general procedure provides for registration as part of the annual accounting (financial) statements (clauses 1 and 2 of article 14 of the Federal Law of December 6, 2011 N 402-FZ; clauses 28 - 31 PBU 4/99):

balance sheet;

statement of financial results;

report on the intended use of funds (only for NCOs);

statement of changes in equity;

cash flow statement;

appendices to the balance sheet, income statement, report on the intended use of funds, which contain information without knowledge of which it is impossible to assess the financial position of the organization or the financial results of its activities.

Forms of accounting (financial) statements

Forms of annual accounting (financial) statements are established:

for simplified accounting (financial) statements - Appendix No. 5 to the Order of the Ministry of Finance of Russia dated July 2, 2010 N 66n;

for accounting (financial) statements compiled in the general manner - appendices No. 1 and 2 to the Order of the Ministry of Finance of Russia dated 02.07.2010 N 66n.

Interim financial statements are prepared in accordance with the forms established by law, agreements, constituent documents or decisions of the owner of an economic entity (clause 3, article 14 of the Federal Law of December 6, 2011 N 402-FZ; clause 49 PBU 4/99).

Content of accounting (financial) statements

Making corrections to the accounting (financial) statements

The rules for making corrections to the financial statements are established by PBU 22/2010.

Features of the preparation and presentation of accounting (financial) statements

Accounting (financial) statements are considered drawn up after signing a hard copy of it by the head of the economic entity (clause 8, article 13 of the Federal Law of December 6, 2011 N 402-FZ).

Interim accounting (financial) statements are approved in the manner prescribed by law, agreements, constituent documents or decisions of the owner of an economic entity (clause 3, article 14 of the Federal Law of December 6, 2011 N 402-FZ; clause 49 PBU 4/99).

In most cases, annual accounting (financial) statements are subject to approval by the company's supreme management body, and in some cases, mandatory publication (clause 9, article 13 of Federal Law No. 402-FZ of 06.12.2011; clause 6, clause 2, article 33 of the Law "On LLC", paragraph 11, paragraph 1, article 48 of the Law "On JSC", etc.).

With regard to accounting (financial) statements, a trade secret regime cannot be established (clause 11, article 13 of the Federal Law of December 6, 2011 N 402-FZ).

Features of the preparation and presentation of accounting (financial) statements:

when reorganizing a legal entity, Art. 16 of the Federal Law of December 6, 2011 N 402-FZ;

upon liquidation of a legal entity - Art. 17 of the Federal Law of December 6, 2011 N 402-FZ;

the composition, features of the preparation and presentation of accounting (financial) statements of public sector organizations are established by the Budget Code, Order of the Ministry of Finance of Russia of December 28, 2010 N 191n (clause 4 of article 14 of the Federal Law of December 6, 2011 N 402-FZ);

the composition, features of the preparation and presentation of the accounting (financial) statements of the Central Bank are established by the Federal Law of July 10, 2002 N 86-FZ (clause 5 of article 14 of the Federal Law of 06.12.2011 N 402-FZ).

Addresses and deadlines for submission of accounting (financial) statements

Interim accounting (financial) statements are submitted to interested parties within the time limits established by law, agreements, constituent documents or decisions of the owner of an economic entity (clause 3, article 14 of the Federal Law of December 6, 2011 N 402-FZ; clause 49 PBU 4/99) .

Annual accounting (financial) statements are submitted by all organizations (with the exception of public sector organizations and the Central Bank of the Russian Federation):

to the state statistics body at the place state registration no later than three months after the end of the reporting period in the manner prescribed by Order of Rosstat dated March 31, 2014 N 220. When submitting a mandatory copy of the prepared annual accounting (financial) statements, which are subject to mandatory audit, the audit report on it is submitted together with such statements or no later than 10 working days from the day following the date of the auditor's report, but no later than December 31 of the year following the reporting year (paragraphs 1 and 2 of article 18 of the Federal Law of 06.12.2011 N 402-FZ);

V tax authority at the location of the organization no later than three months after the end of the reporting year (clause 5 clause 1 article 23 of the Tax Code of the Russian Federation).

Responsibility for violation of legislation in the field of accounting (financial) reporting

For violation of the deadline for submitting annual accounting (financial) statements to the tax authority, a fine is imposed under paragraph 1 of Art. 126 of the Tax Code of the Russian Federation in the amount of 200 rubles. for each unsubmitted (lately submitted) form (component) of accounting ( financial reporting). Also, an administrative fine in the amount of 300 to 500 rubles may be imposed on an official of such an organization. according to paragraph 1 of Art. 15.6 of the Code of Administrative Offenses of the Russian Federation.

For violation of the deadline for submitting annual accounting (financial) statements to the state statistics body, an administrative fine may be imposed on the organization under Art. 19.7 of the Code of Administrative Offenses of the Russian Federation from 3,000 to 5,000 rubles, for an official of such an organization - in the amount of 300 to 500 rubles.

Distortion of any article (line) of the form of financial statements by at least 10 percent entails the imposition of an administrative fine on officials in the amount of 2 to 3 thousand rubles, except for the case of correcting an error in the prescribed manner (including the submission of revised financial statements) before approval financial statements in accordance with the procedure established by the legislation of the Russian Federation (Article 15.11 of the Code of Administrative Offenses of the Russian Federation).

Where can I get the financial statements of a particular company for free?

The accounting (financial) statements of organizations are collected and published by Rosstat. The site has a special section on the site where you can get financial statements of more than 2 million Russian organizations, just enter the TIN of the company you are looking for.

Reporting tools

The most popular programs in Russia for maintaining accounting are products of the company 1C.

For financial analysis according to the financial statements, there is a tool "". The program issues a ready-made report on the financial condition of the enterprise, analyzing the key forms of financial statements: Balance sheet and Statement of financial results.

To transform Russian reporting into reporting prepared in accordance with international standards (IFRS), there is an online program "".

Still have questions about accounting and taxes? Ask them on the accounting forum.

Accounting statements (financial statements): details for an accountant

• Changes in the annual forms of financial statements

  Parts of monthly and quarterly accounting forms. Now let's talk about the annual forms... parts of the monthly and quarterly accounting forms. Now let's talk about annual forms... the following annual forms of financial statements are provided for instructions: certificate on conclusion of accounts by the institution... 304 96 000). * * * When generating financial statements for 2019 according to updated...

• What to look for when preparing annual financial statements for 2017

  Mistakes made in the preparation of financial statements that can be avoided. Wrong... date. Reporting is incorrect The financial statements must contain a handwritten signature ... submitted to external users of the annual financial statements of the past period. Therefore, ... loss)", recalculate the comparative figures of the financial statements for the current reporting year... correspond. The interconnection of accounting indicators means that these indicators ...

• The discrepancy between the indicators of tax and accounting reporting under the simplified taxation system: how to explain with the tax?

  Body and annual (financial) accounting statements. The vast majority of organizations do so ... tax documents (for example, annual financial statements). We recommend that you provide explanations in ... (financial) statements. Annual financial statements are prepared in accordance with the requirements ... paid under the simplified taxation system, and financial statements. It is advisable to indicate the reasons for the discrepancies, ... discrepancies in the indicators of the tax and annual financial statements of the “simplifiers” are not a mistake ...

• Financial statements - 2017: recommendations of the Ministry of Finance

  Accounting and preparation of financial statements, approved by authorized federal authorities executive ... obligations mandatory before the preparation of annual financial statements (with the exception of assets, inventory ... for employees. " Materiality of information disclosed in financial statements Indicators of individual assets, liabilities ... are used to make decisions by users of the organization's financial statements. cash flows organizations...

• Budgetary, accounting reporting: responsibility for violations of compilation and presentation

  The case of submission by an institution of unreliable budget (accounting) statements containing a slight distortion of indicators, ... Code of Administrative Offenses of the Russian Federation). Submission of unreliable budget (accounting) statements containing a significant misrepresentation of indicators, ... which will be understood as a significant distortion of budget (accounting) statements recognized as unreliable (... responsibility for the presentation of unreliable budget (accounting) statements containing a gross misrepresentation of indicators, ...

• Interim accounting reporting is cancelled!

  Accounting. By general rule financial statements should fair presentation... . As a general rule, the financial statements should give a reliable representation ... / 99 "Accounting statements of the organization" The organization must draw up interim financial statements for the month ... the obligation of the organization to draw up interim financial statements for the month, quarter on an accrual basis ... accounting and financial statements V Russian Federation approved...

• Typical errors in the formation of budget (accounting) statements

  ... (download) the forms of budgetary and accounting reports in the State Budgetary and Accounting State Institute of Information Systems “Electronic Budget ... and the submission of forms of budgetary and accounting statements by means of the State Budgetary and Financial Statements and Organizations of the State Institute of Information and Information Systems “Electronic ... if all the indicators provided for by the form of accounting statements approved by Instruction No. 33n do not. .. the absence of these forms in the financial statements is subject to reflection ... the procedure for compiling, submitting annual, quarterly financial statements of state (municipal) budget and ...

• Main changes in the financial statements of budgetary and autonomous institutions

  Chief Accountant must sign accounting forms containing planned (forecast) and ... (or) presentation of financial statements by means of automation software systems accounting documents that do not have ... the procedure for compiling, submitting annual, quarterly financial statements of state (municipal) budget and. .. the procedure for compiling, submitting annual, quarterly financial statements of state (municipal) budget and ...

• Features of the presentation of financial statements in 2018

  Including annual financial statements. The composition and content of financial statements indicators subject to public ... disclosure of financial statements indicators is carried out by the reporting entity after the presentation of financial statements of its ... following principles. Principles for the formation of financial statements Assumption of property isolation Assumption ... of compiling, submitting annual, quarterly financial statements of state (municipal) budget and ...

• Audit of the annual financial statements of organizations for 2018

  Conclusions on the generalized financial statements to be guided by the specified ... financial statements (in the case of applying the concept of reliable presentation of financial statements); b) in order for the financial statements ... preparation of financial statements Determination of the composition of indicators of financial statements The composition of indicators of financial statements ... financial statements by credit institutions 10 Changing the composition of annual financial statements ...

• One-stop-shop principle for annual financial statements

  2020, it is no longer necessary to submit financial statements to Rosstat, mandatory ... If today you can get data on financial statements from Rosstat for free, then ... .2021. Submission of annual (financial) financial statements for 2018. Because the new... organ. Submission of financial statements to Rosstat. The procedure and terms for submitting financial statements to Rosstat ... with representatives of an economic entity. Submission of financial statements to the tax authority. Order...

• Audit of financial statements of a budgetary institution

  To conduct an independent audit of their financial statements. The difficulty lies in the fact that ... control of the reliability, completeness and accuracy of financial statements. In addition, due to...

• Changes in financial statements

  Provisions on the formation and presentation of financial statements, in particular: 1) clarified ... the procedure for signing accounting forms containing planned (forecast) and ... formation and (or) presentation of financial statements using automation software systems reports ... carried out in for the purpose of compiling annual financial statements and confirming their performance). ...) by institutions as part of additional financial statements. Now this form will be filled out ...

• Submit financial statements for 2018

  Need to submit annual financial statements for 2018? The preparation of financial statements begins with ... the corresponding line of financial statements. Requirements for the formation of financial statements When compiling annual financial statements, the Company needs to ... include a set of financial statements? A set of financial statements for 2018 is necessary ... you can forget about simplified forms of financial statements. Where are financial statements provided? In general...

• Preparation for the preparation of annual financial statements

  ... (municipal) institutions to the preparation of accounting forms. Measures to be taken are considered ... preparation of institutions for the preparation of accounting forms. Indicators of accounting (budgetary) accounting should ... institutions that are reflected in the forms of financial statements. For misrepresenting the indicators of reporting accounting ... the procedure for compiling, submitting annual, quarterly accounting reports of state (municipal) budgetary and autonomous ...

reporting period - the period for which the organization must draw up financial statements;

reporting date - the date as of which the organization must draw up financial statements;

user - a legal or natural person interested in information about the organization.

III. The composition of financial statements and general requirements for it

5. The financial statements consist of a balance sheet, a profit and loss account, annexes to them and an explanatory note (hereinafter, the appendices to the balance sheet and profit and loss account and an explanatory note are referred to as explanations to the balance sheet and profit and loss account), and also an auditor's report confirming the reliability of the organization's financial statements, if it is subject to mandatory audit in accordance with federal laws.

19. In the balance sheet, assets and liabilities should be presented with a division, depending on the maturity (maturity) for short-term and long-term. Assets and liabilities are presented as short-term if the term of circulation (repayment) for them is not more than 12 months after the reporting date or the duration of the operating cycle, if it exceeds 12 months. All other assets and liabilities are presented as non-current.

20. The balance sheet must contain the following numerical indicators (subject to the provisions set out in paragraphs 6 and these Regulations):

	Group of articles
Fixed assets	Intangible assets	Rights to objects of intellectual (industrial) property Patents, licenses, trademarks, service marks, other similar rights and assets Organizational costs Business reputation of the organization
	fixed assets	Land plots and nature management facilities Buildings, machinery, equipment and other fixed assets Construction in progress
	Profitable investments in material values	Property to be leased Property provided under a rental agreement
	Financial investments	Investments in subsidiaries Investments in affiliates Investments in other organizations Loans granted to organizations for a period of more than 12 months Other financial investments
current assets		Raw materials, materials and other similar values ​​Costs in work in progress (distribution costs) Finished products, goods for resale and goods shipped Deferred expenses
	Value added tax on acquired valuables
	Accounts receivable	Buyers and customers Promissory notes receivable Debts of subsidiaries and affiliates Debts of participants (founders) on contributions to the authorized capital Advances paid Other debtors
	Financial investments	Loans granted to organizations for a period of less than 12 months Own shares repurchased from shareholders Other financial investments
	Cash	Settlement accounts Currency accounts Other cash
Capital and reserves	Authorized capital Additional capital Reserve capital	Reserves formed in accordance with the legislation Reserves formed in accordance with constituent documents
	Retained earnings (uncovered loss - subtracted)
long term duties	Borrowed funds	Loans maturing more than 12 months after the reporting date Loans maturing more than 12 months after the reporting date
	Other liabilities
Short-term liabilities	Borrowed funds	Loans repayable within 12 months after the reporting date Loans repayable within 12 months after the reporting date
	Accounts payable	Suppliers and contractors Promissory notes payable Debt to subsidiaries and affiliates Debt to the organization's personnel Debt to the budget and state extra-budgetary funds Debt to participants (founders) for the payment of income Advances received Other creditors
	Deferred income Reserves upcoming expenses and payments

21. The profit and loss statement should characterize the financial results of the organization's activities for the reporting period.

22. In the income statement, income and expenses should be shown with divisions into ordinary and other.

23. Profit and loss statement must contain the following numerical indicators (subject to the provisions set out in paragraphs 6 and these Regulations):

Proceeds from the sale of goods, products, works, services, net of value added tax, excises, etc. taxes and obligatory payments (net revenue)

Cost of sold goods, products, works, services (excluding commercial and administrative expenses)

Gross profit

Selling expenses

on the availability at the beginning and end of the reporting period and the movement during the reporting period of certain types of fixed assets;

on the availability at the beginning and end of the reporting period and the movement during the reporting period of leased fixed assets;

on the availability at the beginning and end of the reporting period and the movement during the reporting period of certain types of financial investments;

on the presence at the beginning and end of the reporting period of certain types of receivables;

on changes in the capital (authorized, reserve, additional, etc.) of the organization;

on the number of shares issued by the joint-stock company and fully paid; the number of shares issued but not paid or paid in part; face value shares owned by the joint-stock company, its subsidiaries and dependent companies;

on the composition of reserves for future expenses and payments, estimated reserves, their presence at the beginning and end of the reporting period, the movement of funds of each reserve during the reporting period;

on the availability at the beginning and end of the reporting period of certain types accounts payable;

about extraordinary facts economic activity and their consequences;

about any issued and received security for the obligations and payments of the organization;

28. Explanations to the balance sheet and income statement disclose information in the form of separate reporting forms (statement of cash flows, statement of changes in equity, etc.) and in the form of an explanatory note.

The item of the balance sheet and income statement to which explanations are given must indicate such disclosure.

29. The financial statements should disclose data on cash flows in the reporting period, characterizing the availability, receipt and expenditure of funds in the organization.

The cash flow statement should characterize changes in the financial position of the organization in the context of current, investment and financial activities.

The cash flow statement must contain the following numerical indicators (taking into account the provisions set out in paragraphs 6 and these Regulations):

Cash balance at the beginning of the reporting period

Cash received - total

including:

from the sale of products, goods, works and services

from the sale of fixed assets and other property

advances received from buyers (customers)

budget appropriations and other targeted financing

loans and borrowings, received dividends, interest on financial investments

other supply

Funds sent - total

including:

to pay for goods, works, services

for wages

for contributions to state non-budgetary funds

for advance payments

for financial investments

for the payment of dividends, interest on securities

for budgeting

to pay interest on loans received

other payments, transfers

Cash balance at the end of the reporting period

30. Business partnerships and companies as part of their financial statements must disclose information on the presence and changes in the authorized (share) capital, reserve capital and other components of the organization's capital.

The statement of changes in equity must contain the following numerical indicators (subject to the provisions set out in paragraphs 6 and these Regulations):

The amount of capital at the beginning of the reporting period

Capital increase - total

including:

through an additional issue of shares

through property revaluation

through the growth of property

through reorganization legal entity(merger, accession)

at the expense of income, which, in accordance with the rules of accounting and reporting, are directly attributed to capital increases

Decrease in capital - total

including:

by reducing the par value of shares

by reducing the number of shares

due to the reorganization of a legal entity (separation, spin-off)

at the expense of expenses that, in accordance with the rules of accounting and reporting, are directly related to the reduction of capital

The amount of capital at the end of the reporting period

31. Explanations to the balance sheet and income statement should disclose (if these data are not available in the information accompanying the accounting report):

legal address of the organization;

main activities;

the average annual number of employees for the reporting period or the number of employees on the reporting date;

the composition (surnames and positions) of the members of the executive and control bodies of the organization.

VII. Rules for evaluating accounting items

32. When evaluating the articles of financial statements, the organization must ensure compliance with the assumptions and requirements provided for by the Accounting Regulation " Accounting policy organizations" PBU 1/98.

33. The data of the balance sheet at the beginning of the reporting period should be comparable with the data of the balance sheet for the period preceding the reporting period (taking into account the reorganization carried out, as well as changes related to the application of the Accounting Regulations "Accounting Policy of the Organization").

34. Accounting statements do not allow a set-off between assets and liabilities, profit and loss items, except when such a set-off is provided for by the relevant accounting regulations.

35. The balance sheet should include figures in net valuation, i.e. minus regulatory values, which should be disclosed in the notes to the balance sheet and income statement.

36. The rules for evaluating individual articles of financial statements are established by the relevant accounting regulations.

37. In case of deviation from the rules provided for in paragraphs 32 - 35 of this Regulation, significant deviations must be disclosed in the notes to the balance sheet and income statement, together with an indication of the reasons that caused these deviations, and the result that these deviations had on understanding status on the financial position of the organization, reflection of the financial results of its activities and changes in its financial position.

38. Articles of financial statements compiled for the reporting year must be confirmed by the results of an inventory of assets and liabilities.

VIII. Information related to financial statements

39. An organization may provide additional information related to financial statements if the executive body considers it useful for interested users in making economic decisions. It reveals the dynamics of the most important economic and financial indicators of the organization's activities over a number of years; planned development of the organization; prospective capital and long-term financial investments; policy towards borrowed money, risk management; activities of the organization in the field of research and development work; environmental protection measures; other information.

Additional information, if necessary, can be presented in the form of analytical tables, graphs and diagrams.

When disclosing additional information, for example, environmental protection measures, the main measures taken and planned by the organization in the field of environmental protection, the impact of these measures on the level of long-term investments and profitability in the reporting year, a description of the financial consequences for future periods, data on payments for violation of environmental legislation are given , environmental payments and payments for Natural resources, current expenses for environmental protection and the degree of their impact on the financial performance of the organization.

IX. Audit of financial statements

For an organization, the day of its postal dispatch or the day of its actual transfer to its affiliation is considered.

If the date of submission of financial statements falls on a non-working (day off) day, then the deadline for submission of financial statements is the first following business day.

XI. Interim financial statements

48. The organization must draw up interim financial statements for the month, quarter on an accrual basis from the beginning of the reporting year, unless otherwise provided by the legislation of the Russian Federation.

49. Interim financial statements consist of a balance sheet and a profit and loss statement, unless otherwise established by the legislation of the Russian Federation or by the founders (participants) of the organization.

50. General requirements for interim financial statements, the content of their constituents, the rules for evaluating articles are determined in accordance with this Regulation.

51. The organization must generate interim financial statements no later than 30 days after the end of the reporting period, unless otherwise provided by the legislation of the Russian Federation.

52. Submission and publication of interim financial statements is carried out in cases and in the manner prescribed by the legislation of the Russian Federation or the constituent documents of the organization.

One of the main requirements for financial statements, put forward by the current regulatory documents, is its compliance with the criterion of reliability. What does this concept mean, what financial statements can be recognized as reliable, and how can an accountant determine whether the reporting of his organization is reliable? Interestingly, guided by this criterion, an accountant in some cases and under certain conditions when preparing reports may deviate from the requirements of accounting regulations. Tells M.L. Pyatov, Ph.D. (St. Petersburg State University).

Paragraph 6 of PBU 4/99 "Accounting statements of the organization" establishes that the financial statements should give a reliable and complete picture of the financial position of the organization, the financial results of its activities and changes in its financial position.

At the same time, according to PBU, accounting statements formed on the basis of the rules established by the regulations on accounting.

Does this mean that the requirements of regulatory documents must always and unquestioningly be observed and any case of their non-fulfillment makes the financial statements unreliable?

So, PBU actually establishes that if, when compiling reports, the organization complied with all the rules of the current regulatory documents on accounting, then the reporting should be recognized as reliable and complete.

However, below the same paragraph of PBU 4/99 contains an instruction that significantly clarifies what has just been said. PBU literally says:

Let us note that the nationalization of property is given in this definition just as an example. It is very important that the normative document in question does not provide any tangible boundaries for such exceptional cases. This means the ability to impute the quality of exclusivity to almost any fact of economic activity, in other words, any business transaction can formally become a basis for deviating from the rules established by regulatory enactments.

Here it is just right for the accountant to get confused, because if he tries to combine the two considered norms in his mind, he will get something like the following.

can be considered reliable only and exclusively reporting, formed in accordance with applicable regulatory documents, but if following these regulatory documents does not allow you to generate reliable reporting, in exceptional cases, they can be derogated from if such a derogation would make the reporting more reliable.

Agree, you can get confused.

Moreover, in the same paragraph 6 of PBU 4/99, an accountant can read that if, when preparing financial statements based on the rules of this Regulation, an organization reveals insufficient data to form a complete picture of the financial position of the organization, the financial results of its activities and changes in its financial position , then the organization includes relevant additional indicators and explanations in the financial statements.

That is, it is not only possible (in exceptional cases) to deviate from the prescriptions of regulatory documents, but also to freely include relevant (which is almost incomprehensible) additional indicators and explanations in the financial statements.

The surprise of the accountant in this case is obvious and understandable. For many years we have become accustomed to the fact that we must do everything according to the instructions, and deviation from its prescriptions is "like death."

At the same time, the process of transition to the International Accounting Standards has introduced a very important thing into our practice - a certain field for the accountant to make decisions that are the conclusion not only from the prescriptions of the instructions, but from the accountant's own professional judgment.

For the first time, this provision was recorded in the Federal Law "On Accounting" back in 1996. But because, as a rule, we often read the Chart of Accounts, but rarely look into the laws, it has gone almost unnoticed.

Recall that, in accordance with paragraph 4 of Article 13 of the Federal Law of November 21, 1996 No. 129-FZ "On Accounting", in explanatory note the facts of non-application of accounting rules in cases where they do not allow to reliably reflect the property condition and financial results of the organization's activities, with appropriate justification, should be reported. Otherwise, non-application of accounting rules is considered as an evasion from their implementation and is recognized as a violation of the legislation of the Russian Federation on accounting.

The law, having introduced this provision, actually attributed the decision on the reliability of the reporting of a particular organization to the competence of the professional opinion of the accountant of this organization, while obliging it to disclose an interpretation of the facts of economic activity that is different from that laid down in regulatory documents in an explanatory note to the financial statements.

Supplementing and expanding the provisions of Law No. 129-FZ, PBU 4/99 outlines a range of cases that suggest the possibility of such a deviation only in exceptional situations, which is implemented in practice, since it is unlikely that any accountant will take up the invention of new accounting methods instead of his current work all facts of economic activity of the organization.

Almost simultaneously with the advent of the law "On Accounting", the concept of an organization's accounting policy entered Russian accounting practice.

At the same time, paragraph 8 of PBU 1/98 establishes that "when forming the accounting policy of an organization in a specific direction of maintaining and organizing accounting, one method is selected from several methods allowed by the legislation and regulations on accounting".

If, on a specific issue, the regulatory documents do not establish accounting methods, then when forming an accounting policy, the organization develops an appropriate method based on PBU 1/98 and other accounting provisions.

Thus, forming an accounting policy as a set of accounting methods for the facts of economic life, the organization implements the requirements of the current regulatory documents in four areas:

1) follows single-variant prescriptions of regulatory documents that do not provide an opportunity to choose an accounting method;
2) chooses one variant of the accounting methodology from several options offered by regulatory documents;
3) independently develops a methodology for accounting for the facts of economic life, regarding which the regulatory documents do not contain special instructions;
4) guided by paragraph 4 of Article 13 of the Law "On Accounting", develop a methodology for accounting for specific facts of economic life, different from that established by regulatory enactments.

The presence of such a wide field of activity in the formation of its accounting policy by the organization means that the special prescriptions of normative acts that determine the accounting methodology for specific facts of economic life, in accordance with paragraph 4 of Article 13 of the Law "On Accounting", are actually advisory in nature.

This state of affairs is fully consistent with the central idea of ​​the International Financial Reporting Standards - the priority of the professional judgment of an accountant over the letter of the recommendations of a regulatory document.

Thus, the financial statements of the organization that correspond to its accounting policy, the provisions of which are disclosed, explained and justified in the explanatory note to these financial statements, should be considered reliable. This means that the explanatory note should reflect:

• firstly, the selected accounting options from those proposed by regulatory documents;
• secondly, a method of accounting for the facts of economic activity independently developed by the organization;
• thirdly, cases of deviation from the requirements of regulatory documents on accounting in accordance with Article 13 of the Law "On Accounting".

Main normative document regulating the composition and content of financial statements is PBU 4/99 “Accounting statements of an organization”.

Under financial statements understood one system data on the property and financial position of the organization and the results of its economic activity, compiled on the basis of accounting data in accordance with established forms.

Reporting period- the period for which the organization must prepare financial statements.

Reporting date- the date on which the organization must prepare financial statements. For the preparation of financial statements, the reporting date is the last calendar day of the reporting period.

Financial statements are prepared for the reporting year. The reporting year for all organizations is a calendar year (from January 1 to December 31 inclusive). The first reporting year for newly created organizations is the period from the date of their state registration to December 31 of the corresponding year, and for organizations established after October 1 - to December 31 of the next year.

Data on business transactions carried out prior to the state registration of organizations are included in their financial statements for the first reporting year. For each numerical indicator of financial statements, except for the report compiled for the first reporting period, data must be provided for at least two years - the reporting and the previous reporting ones.

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14.1. Accounting requirements

Monthly and quarterly reports are interim and are compiled on an accrual basis from the beginning of the reporting year.

General requirements for financial statements are presented in the table.

Table. Accounting requirements

Accounting financial accounting 391

The end of the table.

1. What financial statements will be considered reliable and
complete?

2. What does the materiality of information mean? Give examples.

14.2. Composition and content of financial statements

Part annual financial statements of organizations include:

Balance sheet (form No. 1);

Profit and loss statement (Form No. 2);

Statement of changes in equity (Form No. 3);

Cash flow statement (Form No. 4);

Appendix to the balance sheet (form No. 5);

Explanatory note;

The final part of the auditor's report, confirming
the reliability of the financial statements of the organization, if it
subject to mandatory audit.

Small business entities have the right not to submit forms No. 3, No. 4, No. 5 as part of the annual report.

Intermediate financial statements consist of a balance sheet and a profit and loss account.

Balance sheet characterizes the financial position of the organization at the reporting date.

The balance sheet is compiled in net valuation, i.e. minus regulatory values, which are disclosed in the notes to the balance sheet and income statement. The rules for evaluating individual articles are established by the relevant

392 Financial Accounting

accounting regulations. The balance sheet items are filled in on the basis of the data of the General Ledger (or other register similar in purpose) on the balance values ​​of the accounting accounts.

Gains and losses report characterizes the financial results of the organization for the reporting period. This report consists of two main sections: “Income and expenses for ordinary species activities” and “Other income and expenses”, on the basis of which the financial result of the reporting period is calculated - net profit(lesion).

Cash flow statement compiled for the reporting year and the same period of the previous year. It should contain information about cash flows and their balances at the beginning and end of the reporting period for current, investment and financial activities.

current the activity of an organization is considered to be one that pursues profit making as the main goal or does not have profit making as such a goal in accordance with the subject and goals of the activity, i.e. production of industrial, agricultural products, construction works, sale of goods, provision of services Catering, procurement of agricultural products, delivery of property in

rent, etc.

Investment considered the activity of the organization associated with the acquisition land plots, buildings and other real estate, equipment, intangible assets and other non-current assets, as well as their sale; implementation of own construction, R&D expenses; making financial investments (purchasing valuable papers other organizations, including debt organizations, contributions to the authorized (reserve) capital of other organizations, granting loans to other organizations, etc.).

financial the activity of the organization is considered, as a result of which the size and composition of the organization's equity capital, borrowed funds (receipts from the issue of shares and bonds, obtaining loans from other organizations, repayment of borrowed funds, etc.) change.

Statement of changes in equity consists of two sections and help. The “Changes in equity” section indicates the balances at the beginning and end of the previous and reporting years of all components

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14. Accounting statements of the organization

capital of the organization (authorized, reserve, additional, as well as retained earnings (uncovered loss)), the amount of their increase and decrease, indicating the reasons.

The "Reserves" section reflects the balances at the beginning and end of the previous and reporting year, as well as the receipt and use for the previous and reporting years for each type of reserves created by the organization.

In the "References" section, at the beginning of the reporting year and at the end of the reporting period, the value of the net assets of the organization, the amount of targeted financing are given.

Appendix to the balance sheet is a breakdown of individual balance sheet items, explaining the presence and movement of:

Intangible assets;

Fixed assets;

Financial investments;

Accounts receivable and accounts payable;

Expenses for ordinary activities (elements for
spending), etc.

Explanatory note should disclose information related to the accounting policies of the organization and provide users with additional data that is not appropriate to include in balance sheet and income statement, but which are necessary for a realistic assessment of the financial position of the organization, the financial performance of its activities and changes in its financial position.

According to Art. 15 of the Federal Law "On Accounting" organizations are required to submit annual financial statements within 90 days after the end of the year, quarterly - within 30 days after the end of the quarter to the founders, participants of the organization or owners of its property, as well as to the territorial bodies of state statistics at the place of registration of the organization .

To confirm the reliability of financial statements and their compliance with accounting data, organizations are required to submit an audit report.

Mandatory audit is carried out in accordance with the Federal Law of August 7, 2001 No. 119-FZ "On Auditing".

Mandatory checks are subject to:

"open joint stock companies, regardless of the number of shareholders and size authorized capital;

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14.2. Composition and content of financial statements

Banks and other credit institutions;

Insurance organizations and mutual insurance companies;

Commodity and stock exchanges;

Investment funds;

State off-budget funds, sources of education
the funds of which are provided for by law
by the Russian Federation, mandatory deductions made by legal
skim and individuals(for example, the Pension Fund of the Russian Federation);

Funds, the sources of formation of funds of which are
sya voluntary deductions of individuals and legal entities.

In addition, economic entities (with the exception of wholly state or municipal property) are subject to mandatory audit if at least one of the following financial indicators of their activity is present:

The volume of proceeds from the sale of products (works, services) for
year exceeding 500,000 times the legal
PTO RF minimum size wages;

Amounts of balance sheet assets exceeding at the end of the reporting period
year 200,000 times established by the legislation of the Russian Federation mini
low wages.

The final part of the audit report issued on the basis of the results statutory audit financial statements must be attached to these statements.

When preparing financial statements, an organization must be guided by the requirements of PBU 7/98 “Events after the reporting date”, PBU 8/01 “Contingent facts of economic activity”, PBU 11/2000 “Information on affiliates”, PBU 12/2000 “Information by segments” , PBU 13/2000 “Accounting for State Assistance”, PBU 16/02 “Information on discontinued activities”. Devoted to reporting in accordance with all requirements of PBU tutorial Patrova V. V., Bykova V. A. “Accounting statements of the organization”.

The financial statements are open to users - founders (participants), investors, credit institutions, creditors, buyers, suppliers, etc. The organization must provide users with the opportunity to familiarize themselves with the financial statements.

In accordance with Art. 16 of the Federal Law "On Accounting", the publicity of financial statements lies in its

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14. Accounting statements of the organization

publication in newspapers and magazines or distribution of brochures, booklets and other publications containing financial statements, as well as their transfer to the territorial bodies of state statistics at the place of registration of the organization for provision to interested users. Publication of financial statements is carried out no later than June 1 of the year following the reporting one.

Control questions and tasks

1. What is included in the annual and quarterly financial statements
sti?

2. In what assessment is the balance sheet drawn up?

3. Should the data of the annual financial statements be under
confirmed by the results of the inventory of assets and liabilities?

4. What characterizes the income statement?

5. What is disclosed in the explanatory note?

6. Name the report, which includes information on net shares
organization.

7. When and to whom should the accounting report be submitted?
ness?

8. Is it subject to mandatory annual audit of open
toe Joint-Stock Company if the sum of the balance sheet assets does not exceed
does the limit set by law go up at the end of the year?

This is a unified system of data on the property and financial position of the organization and on the results of its economic activity. Reporting is prepared on the basis of accounting data in accordance with established forms(Article 2 of the Federal Law of November 21, 1996 N 129-FZ "On Accounting", paragraph 2, clause 4 of the Regulation on Accounting "Accounting Statements of an Organization" (PBU 4/99), approved by Order of the Ministry of Finance of Russia of July 6, 1999 N 43n).

What requirements must the financial statements meet?

The main requirements that the financial statements must satisfy are:
Reliability.
Financial statements should give a fair idea of ​​the financial position of the organization, the financial results of its activities and changes in its financial position. Information on the financial position is formed mainly in the form of the Balance Sheet, information on the financial results of the organization's activities - in the form of a Profit and Loss Statement, information on changes in the financial position of the organization - in the form of a Cash Flow Statement (clause 6 PBU 4/99 , p. 5.1.4 Accounting concepts in market economy Russia (approved by the Methodological Council for Accounting under the Ministry of Finance of Russia on December 29, 1997)).
To ensure the reliability of accounting data, organizations are required to conduct an inventory of property and liabilities, during which their presence, condition and assessment are checked and documented. The procedure and terms for conducting an inventory are determined by the head of the organization, with the exception of cases when an inventory is mandatory. Before compiling the annual financial statements, an inventory is mandatory (except for property, the inventory of which was carried out no earlier than October 1 of the reporting year) (clause 1, paragraph 3, clause 2, article 12 of Law N 129-FZ, clauses 26, 27 Regulations on accounting and financial reporting in the Russian Federation, approved by Order of the Ministry of Finance of Russia dated July 29, 1998 N 34n). The procedure for conducting an inventory is established Guidelines on the inventory of property and financial obligations, approved by Order of the Ministry of Finance of Russia dated June 13, 1995 N 49.
Utility.
The information presented in the financial statements should be useful. Information is considered useful if it is relevant, reliable, comparable and timely (clauses 6.1, 6.5.1 of the Concept).
Information is relevant if its presence or absence has or is able to influence the decisions (including management) of reporting users, helping them evaluate past, present or future events, confirming or changing previously made estimates (clause 6.2 of the Concept).
Information is reliable if it does not contain material errors. To be reliable, information must objectively reflect the facts of economic activity to which it actually or presumably relates (clauses 6.3, 6.3.1 of the Concept). The definition of a significant error is given in clause 3 "Correction of errors in accounting and reporting" (PBU 22/2010), approved by Order of the Ministry of Finance of Russia dated 06.28.2010 N 63n.
Comparability.
Comparability of information refers to the ability for users of financial statements to compare performance over different periods of time in order to identify trends in an entity's financial position and financial performance. Users should also be able to compare information about different organizations in order to compare their financial position, financial performance and changes in financial position (clause 6.4 of the Concept).
Information is timely if it can best meet the user's decision-making needs, i.e. if a balance is reached between its relevance and reliability (clause 6.5.1 of the Concept).
completeness.
Financial statements should give a complete picture of the financial position of the organization, the financial results of its activities and changes in its financial position. Completeness is ensured by the unity of the above reports, as well as the corresponding additional data (clause 6 PBU 4/99, paragraph 2 clause 5.1.4, clause 6.3.5 of the Concept).
materiality.
Significant indicators must be included in the financial statements. An indicator is considered material if its non-disclosure could affect economic decisions interested users, taken on the basis of reporting information. The decision by the organization of the question of whether this indicator is significant depends on the assessment of the indicator, its nature, and the specific circumstances of occurrence. That is, the materiality of the indicator in the formation of financial statements is determined by a combination of qualitative and quantitative factors (clause 11 PBU 4/99, clause 6.2.1 of the Concept, Letter of the Ministry of Finance of Russia dated 01.24.2011 N 07-02-18 / 01).
Neutrality.
When preparing financial statements, an organization must ensure the neutrality of the information contained in it, i.e. unilateral satisfaction of the interests of some groups of users of financial statements in front of others is excluded. Information is not neutral if, through selection or form of presentation, it influences the decisions and assessments of users in order to achieve predetermined results or consequences (clause 7 PBU 4/99, clause 6.3.3 of the Concept).
Subsequence.
When preparing reports, the organization must adhere to the content and forms of reporting adopted by it consistently from one reporting period to another. Changes in the accepted content and form of the Balance Sheet, Profit and Loss Statement and explanations to them are allowed in exceptional cases, for example, when changing the type of activity (clause 9 PBU 4/99).

What are the formats of financial statements?

Until 2010, inclusive, organizations independently developed and adopted accounting forms based on the Samples recommended by the Ministry of Finance of Russia in Order No. 67n dated July 22, 2003 (clause 1 of the Instructions on the procedure for compiling and submitting financial statements, clause 3 of the Order of the Ministry of Finance of Russia dated July 22. 2010 N 67n).
Since 2011, financial statements have been compiled and submitted in accordance with the forms, approved by the Order of the Ministry of Finance of Russia dated 02.07.2010 N 66n. At the same time, the details of the indicators for the articles of the reports of the organization are determined independently (clause 3 of Order No. 66n).
For each numerical indicator of financial statements, except for the report compiled for the first reporting year, data must be provided for at least two years - the reporting and preceding the reporting (clause 10 PBU 4/99). For this, the form of the Balance Sheet, approved by Order No. 66n, contains columns in which, for each item, indicators are given as of the reporting date, as of December 31 of the previous year and as of December 31 of the year preceding the previous one. The income statement form, as before, contains columns for reflecting indicators for the reporting period and for the period of the previous year, similar to the reporting one.
In the financial statements submitted to the state statistics bodies and other executive authorities, the codes of indicators are indicated in accordance with Appendix No. 4 to Order No. 66n.
If the organization does not have numerical data on assets, liabilities, income, expenses, business transactions, the corresponding lines (columns) in standard forms are crossed out (clause 11 PBU 4/99).

What information is required in financial statements

In the forms of financial statements to be submitted, the following data is required (clause 14 PBU 4/99):
- name of the form of financial statements;
- an indication of the reporting date as of which the financial statements were drawn up, or the reporting period for which the financial statements were drawn up.
- full name of the legal entity (in accordance with the constituent documents registered in the prescribed manner);
- an identification number taxpayer (TIN);
- type of activity (indicate the type of activity that is recognized as the main one);
- organizational and legal form / form of ownership (code according to OKOPF and code according to OKFS);
- unit of measurement (indicate the format for presenting numerical indicators: thousand rubles - code according to OKEI 384; million rubles - code according to OKEI 385).
- location (address) (indicated in the balance sheet form);
- date of signing.

How are financial statements signed and submitted?

In general, financial statements signed by the head and chief accountant(accountant) of the organization. In organizations where accounting is maintained on a contractual basis by a specialized organization or a specialist accountant, the financial statements are signed by the head of the organization and the head of the specialized organization or by a specialist in charge of accounting (clause 5, article 13 of Law N 129-FZ, clause 17 PBU 4 /99).
Prepare interim financial statements the organization must not later than 30 days after the end of the reporting period. The organization is obliged to submit quarterly financial statements within 30 days after the end of the quarter, and annual - within 90 days after the end of the year, unless otherwise provided by the legislation of the Russian Federation. Within the specified time limits, the specific date for the submission of financial statements is established by the founders (participants) of the organization or general meeting(Clause 51 PBU 4/99, Clause 2 Article 15 of Law N 129-FZ, Clause 86 of the Regulation on Accounting and Accounting).
Financial statements are compiled, stored and presented to users of financial statements in the prescribed form on paper media. If there are technical capabilities and with the consent of users of financial statements, an organization may submit financial statements in electronic form (clause 6, article 13 of Law N 129-FZ).
The users of financial statements are managers, founders (participants), property owners, investors, credit organizations, creditors, buyers, suppliers, employees and other persons interested in information about the organization. The organization should provide an opportunity for users to familiarize themselves with the financial statements (clause 3, article 1 of Law N 129-FZ, clauses 4, 42 PBU 4/99, clauses 3.3, 3.4 of the Concept).
Financial statements can be presented to users by the organization directly or transmitted through its representative, sent in the form of a postal item with a list of attachments, or transmitted via telecommunication channels.
Happy Submission reporting is considered:
- the date of sending the postal item with a description of the attachment;
- date of dispatch via telecommunication channels;
- the date of the actual transfer by ownership (clause 5, article 15 of Law N 129-FZ).
If the date of submission of financial statements falls on a non-working (day off) day, then the deadline for submission of financial statements is the first following business day (clause 47 PBU 4/99).
Organizations are required to keep accounting records for periods established in accordance with the rules for organizing state archives, but not less than five years (clause 1, article 17 of Law N 129-FZ).

What is the reporting date and reporting period

reporting date for the preparation of financial statements, the last calendar day of the reporting period is considered (clauses 4, 12 PBU 4/99).
reporting period the period for which the organization must draw up financial statements is recognized (clause 4 PBU 4/99).
The organization must draw up interim financial statements for the month, quarter on an accrual basis from the beginning of the reporting year (clause 48 PBU 4/99, clause 3 article 14 of Law N 129-FZ).
The reporting year is a calendar year - from January 1 to December 31 inclusive. The first reporting year for newly created organizations is the period from the date of their state registration to December 31 of the corresponding year, and for organizations established after October 1 - to December 31 of the next year. Data on business transactions carried out prior to the state registration of organizations are included in their financial statements for the first reporting year (clauses 1, 2, article 14 of Law N 129-FZ, clause 13 PBU 4/99).

What rules should be observed when preparing financial statements

When preparing financial statements, the organization must comply with the following rules.
1. Financial statements must be prepared in Russian (clause 15 PBU 4/99).
2. Financial statements must be prepared in the currency of the Russian Federation (in rubles) (clause 16 PBU 4/99).
3. Accounting data are given in thousands of rubles without decimal places. An organization with significant sales turnover, liabilities, etc., may present data in the financial statements presented in millions of rubles without decimal places.
4. There should not be any erasures and blots in the financial statements.
5. If the value of any numerical indicator is missing, then a dash is put in the line (column) (clause 11 PBU 4/99).
6. A deductible indicator or an indicator that has a negative value is indicated in parentheses (note 7 to the form of the Balance Sheet (Appendix No. 1 to Order No. 66n)).
7. Articles of financial statements are evaluated according to the rules established by the relevant accounting regulations. When evaluating reporting items, the organization is obliged to ensure compliance with the assumptions and requirements provided for in clauses 5 and 6 of the Accounting Regulation "Accounting Policy of the Organization" (PBU 1/2008), approved by Order of the Ministry of Finance of Russia dated 06.10.2008 N 106n (clause p 32, 36 PBU 4/99).
8. The balance sheet should include numerical indicators in the net assessment, i.e. minus regulatory values, which should be disclosed in the explanatory notes to the Balance Sheet and the Profit and Loss Statement (paragraph 35 of PBU 4/99).
9. Accounting statements do not allow offsetting between items of assets and liabilities, items of profit and loss, except when such offset is provided for by the relevant accounting provisions (clause 34 PBU 4/99).
10. Accounting data must be comparable with data for previous reporting periods(clause 6.4 of the Concept, clause 10 PBU 4/99).

What features should be taken into account when preparing financial statements

The organization has branches

The financial statements of the organization should include performance indicators of all branches, representative offices and other divisions (including those allocated to separate balance sheets) (clause 8 PBU 4/99). Consequently, the data on account 79 "Intra-economic settlements" (sub-accounts 79-1 "Settlements on allocated property" and 79-2 "Settlements on current operations") are not reflected in the preparation of the organization's financial statements (Instructions for the application of the Chart of Accounts for accounting financial and economic activities of organizations, approved by the Order of the Ministry of Finance of Russia dated October 31, 2000 N 94n).

The organization is the founder of management under a trust management agreement

If the organization is the founder of management under a property trust agreement, then its financial statements shall include in full the data provided by the trustee on assets, liabilities, income, expenses and other indicators by summing up similar indicators. This means that the data on account 79, sub-account 79-3 "Settlements under a property trust agreement", are not reflected in the organization's financial statements (clauses 7, 15 of the Instructions on the reflection in the accounting of organizations of operations related to the implementation of a trust agreement property management, approved by the Order of the Ministry of Finance of Russia dated November 28, 2001 N 97n).

The organization is a member of a simple partnership conducting common business

Indicators of a separate balance sheet for joint activities are not included in the balance sheet of a partner conducting common business (clause 17 of the Accounting Regulation "Information on Participation in Joint Activities" PBU 20/03, approved by Order of the Ministry of Finance of Russia dated November 24, 2003 N 105n).
A partner conducting common affairs shall compile and submit to the parties to the agreement on joint activities, in the manner and within the time limits established by the agreement, the information they need for the formation of reporting, tax and other documentation. At the same time, the submission by a partner conducting common affairs of information included in the financial statements of partners is carried out within the time limits specified by the agreement, but no later than the deadlines established by Law N 129-FZ (clause 20 PBU 20/03).
Profits and losses on joint activities distributed among partners are included by each partner organization in the appropriate share in their other income or expenses when forming their own financial results (clause 14 of PBU 20/03).

Responsibility for violation of the rules of accounting and presentation of financial statements

Article 120 of the Tax Code of the Russian Federation establishes the responsibility of the taxpayer for the systematic (two or more times during the calendar year) untimely or incorrect reflection on the accounts and in the financial statements of business transactions, cash, material assets, intangible assets and financial investments:
- if these acts are committed within one tax period- a fine of 10,000 rubles is charged. (clause 1, article 120 of the Tax Code of the Russian Federation);
- if these acts are committed during more than one tax period - a fine of 30,000 rubles is charged. (clause 2, article 120 of the Tax Code of the Russian Federation);
- if these acts caused an underestimation tax base- a fine of 20% of the amount of unpaid tax is charged, but not less than 40,000 rubles. (Clause 3, Article 120 of the Tax Code of the Russian Federation).
In addition, Art. 15.11 of the Code of Administrative Offenses of the Russian Federation establishes liability for officials of the organization in the form of a fine in the amount of 2,000 to 3,000 rubles. for a gross violation of the rules of accounting and reporting, which means:
- distortion of the amounts of accrued taxes and fees by at least 10%;
- distortion of any article (line) of financial statements by at least 10%.
Failure to submit forms of financial statements to the tax authority within the prescribed period (including an audit report in cases where the audit mandatory) entails the imposition of a fine on the organization in the amount of 200 rubles. for each form not submitted, and for officials of the organization - from 300 to 500 rubles. (clause 5, clause 1, article 23, clause 1, article 126 of the Tax Code of the Russian Federation, clause 1, article 15.6 of the Code of Administrative Offenses of the Russian Federation). Moreover, the payment of these fines does not exempt from the need to submit financial statements to tax office(Clause 4, Article 4.1 of the Code of Administrative Offenses of the Russian Federation).