The main thing is to make payments on time, according to the drawn up and in the specified amount.

Deviation from the agreed dates results in a delay. It occurs even if the payment is delayed by one day.

Although this moment is negotiated at the conclusion of the contract. Some banks "allow" to delay payment for several days (no more than 5).

Reasons for non-payment

These include:

work	reduction wages, decrease for other reasons
Disability	due to or injury
Necessity	caring for
Birth of a child	resulting in a decrease in income in the family, associated with an increase in expenses and temporary disability
Emergencies	resulting in the need to restore housing and return it to a habitable condition
Exchange rate change	if the mortgage was taken in foreign currency and other circumstances

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The reason for the delay in mortgage payment is important.

If you have to deal with the bank in court, then proving that there is a valid explanation for non-payments, you can get to pay off the resulting debt.

Banks' actions

If there is no payment on time, the bank calls the borrower in the first month of delay, sends SMS messages to inform about the existing debt.

Video: the size of the penalty for delay on a mortgage is limited

If the client does not answer calls and does not try to contact the bank, the lender starts calling relatives, friends and colleagues whose numbers were indicated in the contract.

It is possible to receive a call at the place of employment and on the home (landline) phone.

If the borrower does not make another 2-3 payments, bank employees continue to contact the client and his acquaintances.

As a rule, if the delay is less than 6 months, the bank does not contact the court.

Exceptions may be cases where the borrower has not repaid a single payment, that is, the mortgage was issued intentionally for the purpose of non-payment.

Pre-trial settlement is sometimes delayed, since going to court is unprofitable - you will need to pay expenses, pay for a lawyer, etc.

It is also impossible to go to court, provided that the amount of debt does not exceed 5% of the loan amount.

At the next stage, the bank contacts. 1-2 months are allotted for consideration of the case, during which the reasons for the delay are studied, communication with an unscrupulous borrower takes place.

The purpose of the litigation is to decide the fate of the bail. The borrower has one last chance to prevent the confiscation of housing.

To do this, he needs to come to court and prove that either the reason for non-payment of the loan is valid, or to pay off the resulting debt, showing that in the future there will be no evasion from his obligations.

What to do if your mortgage is delinquent

There are several options for solving the problem:

Credit holidays	many banks allow you not to make payments for several months, while increasing the total payment period. You will have to pay for the service, but this will avoid unpleasant consequences.
	if financial difficulties are not temporary, but permanent, then the bank may revise the schedule and amount of payments
apartments	in agreement with the bank, it is possible to sell a mortgaged apartment. In this case, it will be possible to gain more funds than if it were sold after the confiscation. But selling an apartment with an encumbrance is quite problematic, it will be difficult to find a buyer, with the exception of acquaintances who are ready to take risks
	loan processing implies - this is a prerequisite of the bank. But additionally it can be offered, from job loss. And if an insured event specified in the contract occurs, then the mortgage debt will be partially or completely repaid

For 1 day

Various circumstances can lead to a delay on the mortgage for just a day.

Some banks allow a delay of 3-5 days without charging fines and penalties.

Other companies from the first day of delay start calling relatives and employers with a petition about the bad faith of the borrower.

Therefore, the consequences of a one-day delay depend on the bank.

By military

Repaid from the state budget. Monthly transfers are made to the bank account from Rosvoenipoteka.

As long as the borrower is in the military, this body is responsible for making payments, so there are no delays.

If he quits, then the responsibility for paying off the balance of the debt falls on his shoulders.

And henceforth, he himself will be responsible for the late payment of the mortgage.

Imminent Consequences

Loss of home

Confiscation of collateral is an extreme measure implemented by the court after the bank's request.

Banks, as a rule, give the borrower about six months to restore the status of a bona fide borrower.

After that, it is served statement of claim. The process takes at least two months, for this period the property is seized.

Mortgage payments must be transferred to a bank account in accordance with the payment schedule. Mortgage delinquency at Sberbank is fraught with serious sanctions. The credit institution will impose a fine on the borrower and may withdraw the collateral property from him in a judicial proceeding. A client who violates the loan repayment terms will be blacklisted and will not be able to take a loan from any bank.

Late repayment of the loan due to various circumstances. The most common reason for delay is deterioration financial position families. People often lose their jobs and additional sources of income. Someone has force majeure circumstances that require significant costs (wedding, funeral, expensive surgery, etc.).

Some borrowers do not have proper financial self-discipline. They postpone the transfer of the mortgage payment until the last, and sometimes even forget to make it. It is better for such borrowers to use an electronic organizer that reminds them of all current payments in advance.

Mortgages are paid off in the following ways:

• Depositing cash into the cash desk of Sberbank;
• Cashless transfers from a bank account;
• Automatic write-off of funds from the salary account (carried out on the basis of an application from an employee of the enterprise);
• Mortgage payment through ATMs and information and payment terminals;
• Write-off Money from a plastic card.

Certain groups of borrowers think through various fraudulent schemes in advance and evade repayment of loan debt. They hope for good luck, not thinking that any criminal activity will end in a prison term. The reason for the delay on a mortgage at Sberbank may be a technical failure or negligence of the staff. In this case, it is necessary to collect the received receipts and contact the head of the bank branch.

If the client has not transferred the mortgage payment within the established time limits, then he will have to pay a penalty in the amount of 0.1% per day of delay. Citizens who do not repay the debt within 30 days will pay a fine at an increased interest rate(2-3% per day of the loan amount). Do not forget about the timely payment of the insurance premium. If the borrower does not renew the insurance policy, then the mortgage rate may increase significantly. A borrower who avoids communicating with a loan officer will have to talk to collectors. Employees of the collection department will call not only the debtor, but also the co-borrowers. Someone will have to communicate with collectors in person.

A long delay (90 days) will lead to the fact that the bank will file a claim with the court. The mortgaged property will be seized. After that, the apartment will be transferred to the balance sheet of Sberbank and will be sold during special auctions. Some Sberbank clients refuse to voluntarily leave the arrested premises. In this case, they will be evicted from their housing by force. Attempt to counter bailiffs may end with the call of a special forces unit that will use special equipment and weapons.

What to do if there is a delay on a mortgage in Sberbank? Do not avoid contact with bank employees. It is better to visit the Sberbank office and honestly talk about your problems. Bankers are interested in paying off the debt in full. They will definitely meet the borrower halfway and offer a debt restructuring program.

The Credit Committee may extend the term of the loan and temporarily reduce the amount of the monthly payment. Also, the borrower can become a participant in the "mortgage holidays" and receive a deferment to replenish the mortgage account. During this time, a person can find a new job and additional sources of income. Many banks have loan refinancing programs to reduce the cost of borrowed money. A borrower wishing to use this service must submit the following documents to Sberbank:

• A completed application form;
• Original passport;
• Certificate of income in the form of Sberbank or 2-NDFL;
• Tax declaration in form 3-NDFL (for persons with additional sources of income);
• Extract from the USRR;
• Certificate of the amount of unemployment benefits (issued by the employment service);
• Certificate of no debt to utility companies;
• Payroll account statement;
• A copy of the insurance contract and a receipt confirming the payment of the insurance premium;
• Documents confirming disability or disability.

Refinancing is carried out on the basis of an application of the established form. To reissue a mortgage, the consent of Sberbank is required. If the borrower is not able to repay the mortgage in the medium term, then he should sell mortgage apartment or a house (with the consent of Sberbank).

Mortgage credit puts serious financial pressure on the household budget. Before applying for a mortgage, you need to soberly assess your financial capabilities and draw up a plan of action in case of job loss. Install a program for accounting of income and expenses on your computer or smartphone. Refuse consumer loans, microloans and pawn loans.

Create financial reserves to cover 2-3 mortgage installments. Carefully read the terms of the agreement and understand the features of depositing funds into the account. All incomprehensible technical points must be clarified with specialists from the department customer service. Share the financial burden with co-borrowers, do not try to pay all the costs alone.

This approach will reduce the likelihood of mortgage delinquency at Sberbank. If you have free money, then they can be directed to early repayment of a mortgage loan. Unscheduled deposit of funds will significantly reduce the overall overpayment on the loan.

Mortgage delinquencies are on the rise

In connection with the current economic situation, according to banks, the number of delinquencies on loans has increased, both for consumer and mortgage loans. According to April bank reports, 5 million Russians cannot pay off their loans. In order to support its citizens, the Russian authorities decided to provide financial assistance to those who have a delay of no more than four months, that is, problems arose in December last year in connection with jump dollar exchange rate. However, it is worth noting that maximum amount assistance from the state will amount to 200 thousand rubles. Experts of the real estate market told about how things are going with mortgage holders, how they can get out of the situation with debts.

According to the Central Bank, the delay began to grow noticeably from the middle of last year, but its maximum growth occurred in the first two months of 2015 - for ruble mortgages by 4% at once. And for the year - from March 1, 2014 to February 28, 2015 - the growth of delinquency amounted to 16.6%, for foreign currency mortgages - in comparison with the data as of March 1, 2014 - the growth left 24%.

“At the beginning of this year, the delinquency on ruble mortgages reached almost 30 billion rubles, which is 17% more than in the same period last year,” says Konstantin Shibetsky, director of the mortgage department of the MIC Group. “For foreign currency mortgages, this figure increased by more than 40% and reached almost 21 billion rubles.”

Given the situation, the state has developed a mechanism to support mortgage borrowers who find themselves in a difficult situation. The support program is as follows. The Agency for Housing Mortgage Lending (AHML) creates non-profit organization"Fund social programs”, for which 4.5 billion rubles are allocated. These funds are planned to be used to help borrowers who find themselves in a difficult situation.

To become a member of the program, the borrower must meet a number of requirements: after paying the mortgage installment, the remaining income of the borrower must not exceed 1.5 living wages. For example, for Moscow, according to Mosgorstat, living wage in the first quarter of 2015 was 16 thousand 272 rubles. In addition, the borrower must have a mortgage delinquency of at least 30 and no more than 120 days. It is also worth noting that this program only applies to families with two or more minor children, or those with one child, however, the age of the parents themselves must not be older than 35 years.

The mechanism of support for mortgage borrowers who find themselves in a difficult financial situation is a timely measure on the part of the state, designed to reduce social tension and provide real assistance to the most needy borrowers. Given the strict criteria, assistance will be targeted, only a narrow category of people will be able to count on it.

Can be negotiated

It is worth noting that a delay of up to 7 days in banks is considered insignificant, although during this period the borrower still falls under a fine. If you did not have time or forgot to deposit money into the account on time, and also if they did not arrive on time due to holidays or a long transfer between credit institutions, then such delays are considered “technical”. Banks are beginning to be alarmed by loans with a default period of more than 30 days. Delays over 90 days are considered more serious. Depending on the domestic policy, each bank itself determines how long it independently interacts with the client to repay the loan.

“In case of delay in mortgage payment for several days, penalties will be charged for each day of delay established by loan agreement, - comments Alexey Novikov, head of the Est-a-Tet Mortgage Center. “If the recalculation of overdue payments is already moving to months, then if the delay is more than 3 months, the bank can either refer the case to the court or to collectors.”

In addition to the state, banks have also become more loyal due to the current difficult economic situation. According to Maria Litinetskaya, General Director of Metrium Group, in order to make life easier for a client in the presence of loan obligations in an unstable economic situation, banks increase the loan term to reduce monthly payments, and also set “credit holidays”, during which borrowers repay only interest and not the principal debt. In addition, credit institutions carry out restructurings with the establishment of individual repayment schedules.

When it comes to restructuring mortgage debt There are two scenarios for the development of events: the bank can extend the mortgage loan payment period, while the amount monthly payments will be reduced, or provide the borrower with "payment holidays", during which the borrower is obliged to make payments only on bank interest, - notes Alexey Shmonov, CEO real estate portal Move.su. - To take advantage of the "mortgage holidays" the borrower must provide the bank with documentary evidence of the events that led to the deterioration of his financial situation. For example, a certificate of employment in the event of a reduction or bankruptcy of the company - the employer, or another way - to take out insurance against the risk of non-payment. For example, if the life and health of the borrower are insured, in the event of illness and disability, the debts to the bank must be paid by the insurance company.

In turn, Konstantin Shibetsky adds that, as a rule, borrowers in the event of a difficult financial situation go to a dialogue with the bank. “They notify about their financial difficulties, together with bank representatives discuss the most comfortable options for servicing the loan,” he says. “In extreme cases, if a person is unable to make monthly loan payments, he is offered to sell the collateral on his own.”

However, Sofia Lebedeva, CEO of MIEL-Novostroyki, believes that borrowers behave differently. “They are hardly prepared for such situations in advance, and most often they try to hide,” she says. - The borrower needs to contact the bank and write an application with a request to defer payments on the loan or restructure the loan. If the borrower has clearly decided that he will not be able to service the loan further, together with the bank or agency, it is necessary to sell the apartment in order to pay off the debt to the bank. Banks are ready to interact with the borrower and assist in resolving the current situation. But only if the borrower does not hide and promptly notifies the bank about the difficulties.

Oksana Vikulova, Head of Department mortgage lending AN Ithaca claims that a delay of up to 5 days is not so critical, for example, a transfer was delayed due to holidays or a salary was paid a few days later, but if the delay is longer, then this is already worse. “In any case, if the borrower understands that he cannot make a payment on time, then he should notify his loan officer, even if the delay is one day,” she also advises. - Otherwise, calls from the security service of the bank will begin. Banks try to meet the needs of their customers and in each situation they solve all issues individually. They may offer loan restructuring or other options that will benefit both parties. Most often, borrowers in difficult situations are either looking for additional funds to correct the situation, or they refinance the loan.

Tough measures

Note that banks resort to tough measures in case of debt as a last resort. In addition, the bank does not have the right to do this on its own, but only by a court decision. The main condition under which the situation comes to court is the borrower's malicious evasion from interacting with the bank to develop joint actions to remedy the situation, as well as the complete cessation of contact with the lender or the regular violation of promises to repay the previously agreed individual schedule.

“In fact, not every trial ends with the withdrawal of bail,” notes Maria Litinetskaya. “The important circumstances that the judge takes into account in such a case are: is it the only or not the only housing and whether there are registered minor children for whom there is no other place to live.”

If the case goes to court, then this may not be the worst option for the borrower. The court, of course, will not remove the principal amount of the debt from him, but it can write off a decent amount of interest and fines. But this, of course, in a positive scenario for the borrower.

As practice shows, if the borrower is not a malicious violator of the contract, but at the same time becomes for some reason a hostage to the circumstances that he is trying to correct with all his might, then the court will consider his case. That is, first of all, the debtor needs to make contact with the bank and develop joint real ways out of the situation. It is better not to violate the data credit institution promises or at least warn about the impossibility of fulfilling them for good reasons.

“The borrower needs to negotiate with the bank,” says Sofya Lebedeva. - Do not bring the case to court and collection agencies. As for collection agencies, it is important to know that according to the law, collectors, like bank employees, can do nothing but clarify the reason for non-repayment of the debt. They cannot deprive the borrower of property. However, when communicating, the collectors are not very kind. Specialists skillfully put pressure on the psyche, threaten, and sometimes use physical intervention. In such situations, it is better to insure yourself and, when communicating, have a voice recorder with you to record conversations, and in case of physical interference, immediately apply to the director collection agency or to law enforcement agencies. The main thing is to have a sober mind and a calm mind. In no case do not panic, do not give up and do not fall into depression.

Will it help

Of course, there were cases when banks took away apartments from borrowers. As a rule, this situation occurred for the following reasons: firstly, if the borrower maliciously evaded interaction with the bank to develop a convenient repayment schedule, did not get in touch or promised to take certain actions and regularly violated his promises. Secondly, if the mortgaged property was not the only property, and the borrower was not sufficiently motivated to keep it. Thirdly, if minor children were not registered in these apartments, for whom this housing was the only possible place of residence.

“There are very few precedents in Russia when the only apartment was seized by the court, and this means that there were no other ways out for this borrower to pay off his loan,” says Maria Litinetskaya. - According to the court, the property is first put up for auction, and only if there were no buyers for the apartment, the bank had to take it to its balance sheet. As a result, we see proposals from the largest credit institutions to buy out objects that were previously pledged under a mortgage.”

It should be noted that on the websites of banks there is a special section "Showcase of collateral", where you can see such objects.

If we talk about what will happen in the future with loans, and with the economy as a whole, analysts unanimously say that it is still difficult to say how long the difficult economic situation in the country will drag on, and in what ways mortgage borrowers will maintain the regularity of their payments. Already now we see that the companies have started layoffs. Subject to labor laws, the laid-off employee must receive 3 average monthly salaries - this will allow him to stay on the loan repayment schedule for the period of looking for a new job. If employment is delayed or an employee is fired by a not entirely legal method (without a monetary “parachute”), then in this case he will most likely experience difficulties in repaying the loan. Successful examples of how to get out of this situation include the following: the presence of a financial airbag, streamlining family budget(exclusion of expensive optional purchases), savings on vacations and entertainment, the sale of other property - cars, cottages, other real estate. Less successful examples are the use of credit card funds and consumer loans.

For many, a long-term mortgage is the only way to own your own home. Timely payment of debt allows the borrower to use an apartment or house as a full owner. When financial difficulties arise, the situation changes radically. The bank begins to demand payment of the loan and threatens to evict from housing to sell real estate. What to do in the event of a delay on the mortgage of Sberbank - read the article.

1 day late on mortgage

It may seem to many that a one-day delay in mortgage payment is a trifle. But with a large amount of a housing loan, even such a delay can become a serious problem. If the borrower is only one day late with the payment, the bank will most likely not respond to this. The lender takes into account technical delay”, which occurs through no fault of the client. Sometimes the delay in transferring money from one credit institution to another reaches 5 days. The bank notifies the client of the delay by means of an SMS notification.

But, regardless of the reason for which the payment was delayed, it involves the accrual of penalties. Their size is prescribed in a specific loan agreement. Credit history is unlikely to suffer.

How many days of delay will Sberbank forgive

Starting from the next day after the date of the next payment, the loan is considered overdue if the amount has not been credited to the loan account. The deadline during which the bank does not actively search for the debtor is 10 days from the date of the delay. Further, employees of the credit institution begin an “attack” on the borrower. Calls come in asking for a loan.

Sberbank does not forgive a single day of debt. The penalty stipulated by the terms of the contract will be charged until the entire amount of the debt is repaid.

Delays of more than one month threaten the borrower with a decrease in the credit rating and damage to the credit history. In addition, the bank begins accrual. It becomes much more difficult to agree with him on a postponement. Sometimes the creditor may demand termination of the contract unilaterally. The client will be required to urgently pay off the entire debt with accrued interest and penalties. If the delay drags on for several months, the creditor will transfer the case to a collection unit operating on the basis of Sberbank. The last resort will be the court.

Fines and penalties for late payments on Sberbank mortgages

The penalty under the Sberbank mortgage loan agreement is 20% per annum of the debt amount (*). It is calculated from the moment the delay occurs and until the date of full repayment of the debt. It may seem that the sanctions are not very strict. But if you apply them to a loan of more than a million rubles, then the amount of the penalty will be quite impressive.

How to get a deferment on a mortgage in Sberbank

No borrower wants to lose their home due to non-payment of the mortgage. Therefore, the main thing that should not be done in case of delay is to hide from the bank. Borrower and lender are partners, so an acceptable solution can always be found.

With a timely appeal to the bank, employees of a credit institution offer one of the options for a way out of the situation. If the mortgage agreement does not provide for the provision of credit holidays, then an appropriate application should be written. It is necessary to indicate the real reasons why it is not possible to repay the loan. A deferment may be granted by the creditor for a year or more. At the same time, by decision of the bank, the borrower is exempted from paying only the body of the loan or the entire payment in full.

To confirm the occurrence of temporary financial difficulties, the client provides the bank with the following documents:

• Employment book with a record of dismissal.
• Sick leave certificate indicating long-term treatment.
• Proof of parental leave and other information.

Consideration of a client's application for a mortgage deferment is carried out by authorized employees of Sberbank. If the debtor is a loyal client of the bank who has not previously allowed delays, then the decision will be made in his favor. It is much more difficult for malicious non-payers to achieve a delay. In this case, the bank prefers to terminate the agreement with the seizure of the pledged property.

The head of VTB, Andrey Kostin, noted that over the past few months, due to the unstable economic situation in Russia, the percentage of outstanding credit loans has sharply increased. In the period from December to March 2015, the number of borrowers who, for one reason or another, cannot fulfill their obligations to the bank, is growing. He notes that mortgage loans are among the most dangerous loans, since in this case we are talking about large sums of money and acquired real estate, which is a pledge.

If there was a delay in payment of the mortgage by the Savings Bank, then at the first stage of the formation of debt, the only measure that the bank takes is to charge the borrower with a fine of 500-1000 rubles. With each subsequent delay, the amount of the fine will increase, according to the concluded agreement. However, in addition to fines, Sberbank imposes penalties for late payment on the daily loan repayment amount. The size of the fine is from 0.5 to 1%.

By skipping one payment after another, the borrower accumulates debts and penalties. But the worst thing in this situation is that the bank has the right to take away real estate that was acquired as a result of mortgage lending for failure to fulfill obligations. The apartment or house remains pledged to the bank until all payments on the loan are made. However, Sberbank takes drastic measures as a last resort, before that, employees are trying to resolve the situation “peacefully”: return its payment schedule, postpone it for several months, etc.

How to avoid mortgage delinquency?

Initially, you need to calculate your financial capabilities. In addition, in order to protect yourself and not face such a problem as a late payment on a loan, you must have a "cushion" of safety, which includes 2-3 monthly mortgage payments.

If you have any unforeseen reasons why you cannot deposit mandatory payment, it is best to contact the bank in advance and warn about your problems. In this case, the bank can provide a deferred payment for some time, without charging fines and penalties. It is called credit holidays, the term of which does not exceed 6 months. Or he will restructure the loan - increase the total term, during which there will be a decrease in monthly payments.

Even if there was a delay in payment of Sberbank, it is better to contact the bank, which will take measures in order to maintain a good credit history. In case of harboring and inability to pay debts, in the end, Sberbank may begin the process of evicting you from the apartment and selling real estate to pay off loans and fines. In this case, the borrower will not be able to do anything, so it is better to take care of your future in advance.

In the near future for borrowers Sberbank and others banking institutions will provide loans, including mortgage loans on more favorable terms. According to the head of the Central Bank Elvira Nabiullina, on April 30, a meeting of the Bank of Russia will be held, at which the issue of reducing the key rate by another 1% will be considered. As a result, the Sberbank credit card and other credit products will be in demand.

The relatively stable situation in the Russian economy which took shape in March 2015. The inflation rate was 8%, in the near future there is every chance to reach the level of 4%, which will allow to reduce the key rate of the Central Bank. According to forecasts in Russia in 2015, the average inflation rate will be 10-12%.