The beginning of the 10s of the 21st century was marked by a sharp increase in supporters of the theory of the "Russian superpower" and the "special" role of the Russian state in the world. But the situation in the world has seriously changed after the fall in energy prices in 2014, which greatly reduced the ranks of the adherents of “getting up from your knees”.

In fact, everything is quite simple: Russia, since the early 2000s, has lived on the money from the sale of petrocarbons, which have grown strongly against the backdrop of a growing global economy. No real competitive economy that could offer the world high-quality products was created in the Russian Federation during the years of “oil abundance”, and most of the proceeds from the sale of oil and gas were simply stolen and remained in the pockets of officials.

But let's turn to the language of numbers to determine whether Russia is as powerful and wealthy as some Russian politicians claim by comparing the size of the government budgets of Russia and other countries in 2016.

State budgets of the leading countries of the world for 2016

	Countries	Million USD
1	USA	3 251 000
2	PRC	2 426 000
3	Germany	1 515 000
4	Japan	1 439 000
5	France	1 253 000
6	Great Britain	1 101 000
7	Italy	876 000
8	Canada	585 000
9	Spain	473 600
10	Australia	425 700
11	Netherlands	336 500
12	The Republic of Korea	291 300
13	Mexico	259 600
14	Sweden	250 800
15	India	236 000
16	Belgium	226 800
17	Switzerland	221 900
18	Norway	230 300
19	Russia	216 000
30	Venezuela	203 400

As can be seen from the table above, the size of the Russian is not even included in the top 15 budgets of the countries of the world, its value is less than that of Belgium and Sweden (!), 7 times less than that of Germany, 12 times less than that of China and 16 times less than the United States. By the way, the costs of the same USA exceed federal budget Russia 3 times.

Russian federal budget for 2017: end of story

With the new federal budget for 2017, neither the government nor the State Duma was surprised by anything: it is a budget for eating up and continuing the agony of the socio-economic model approved in the early 2000s. Despite the fall in the standard of living of the population in the outgoing year, the tendency to strengthen power at the expense of law enforcement agencies continued, for which they do not save money in the country's budget. Thus, about 4.7 trillion rubles are allocated for military spending and law enforcement agencies in the new budget. rubles, which exceeds the total spending on healthcare, education and culture by more than 4 times. The country's budget is calculated from the average annual price of Urals 40 oil per barrel, which is an optimistic scenario, given global trends, as well as the arrival of the Republican Party in the United States, led by Donald Trump, promising to open access to the world market for American oil.

• BALANCED BUDGET
• FEDERAL BUDGET
• FEDERAL BUDGET INCOME
• FEDERAL BUDGET EXPENDITURES

The task of ensuring a balanced budget is the most important for the state in the implementation economic policy. This article is subject to consideration and analysis of the income and expenditure of the federal budget for the period 2013-2017.

• The role of federal taxes in the tax system of the Russian Federation
• Use of public-private partnership mechanisms for the development of public infrastructure
• Ways to strengthen the revenue side of the Federal Budget of the Russian Federation

The balance of revenues and expenditures of the federal budget has a significant impact on the stability of the country as a whole. At the same time, the question of the ratio of the revenue and expenditure side of the budget is especially relevant today. Considering the dynamics of the budget system Russian Federation for 2016, one can notice a gradual decrease in the share of federal budget revenues in relation to GDP - from 20.9% in 2013 to 17.5% in 2016, as well as a reduction in total federal budget expenditures to 20.5% relative to GDP.

Table 1. Main indicators of the federal budget for 2013-2017, billion rubles

According to the draft law on the federal budget for 2017, budget revenues amounted to 14,720.3 billion rubles, and in 2016 - 13,738.5 billion rubles, i.e., the excess of income is pronounced. Is it good or bad?

According to the Ministry of Finance, this jump in budget revenues is considered to be the maximum point in history, but this growth can be justified by the level of inflation and the weak ruble included in the budget. Oil should also be noted as a profitable source of the budget, because according to the forecast for the next 2 years, the rate per barrel will be about $40.

Increasing revenue leads, first of all, to an imbalance in the budget, so the only way to strengthen the budget is to reduce federal spending. To improve this situation, the Ministry of Finance proposes to change the composition of the use of sovereign funds and use more borrowed funds(about 1005 billion rubles), which is almost twice as much as borrowings in 2016.

It is planned to use 1,150 billion rubles to finance the budget deficit. from the Reserve Fund, as a result of which these funds will be spent. In this situation, it is necessary to use the National Wealth Fund, from which the Ministry of Finance wants to spend 660 billion rubles. during 2017 to cover the deficit. Replenishment of sovereign funds until 2020 is not planned.

Consider the structure of federal budget revenues for 2013-2017.

Table 2. Federal budget revenues for 2013-2017, billion rubles

Indicators/Years						2017 in % to 2013
Oil and gas revenues
income tax
Customs duties
Dividends on shares owned by the Russian Federation
Other income

According to the table, it can be seen that during the period under review there is an increase in income. Let us consider the federal budget revenues from the point of view of tax and non-tax revenues. Quite a long period of time tax income make up the bulk of all federal budget revenues. So, for the period 2013-2017. their volume is more than 50%, while this share has increased significantly over the period under review by 10.6 percentage points. This fact indicates that the state, solving its socio-economic tasks, has decided to replenish the financial base through tax revenues, including mineral extraction tax, income tax, excises, VAT, etc. Non-tax revenues also play a significant role in the formation of the federal budget, despite the fact that for 2013-2017. their share decreased by almost 11.5%. This decrease can be explained by a decrease in income from foreign economic activity. This trend is not accidental, given the relatively restrained policy of Russia in the world market, since at the moment the state is striving to develop the domestic market.

Let us consider the structure of federal budget expenditures for the period under study.

Table 3. Federal budget expenditures for 2013-2017, billion rubles

Analyzing the table, you can see that in 2017, incomes were higher than in previous ones, i.e. there is an upward trend in the expenditure side of the budget. This fact can be substantiated by the fact that in the context of functional areas budget spending most of all it is planned to spend on social policy - 5080 billion rubles. Under the "National Economy" section, appropriations amount to almost 2,300 billion rubles. "National Defense" will require about 2840 billion rubles in the open part of the budget. This is 27% less than what was allocated to national defense in 2016. Despite a slight increase in the total share of spending on the social block, the 2017 budget cannot be called “social” in terms of concern for the development of the social sphere. The main changes in terms of pensions were reduced to a reduction in the scale of the planned indexation and another freeze of the funded part.

Thus, we can sum up that the budget imbalance still exists, and according to the Ministry of Finance of the Russian Federation, by 2020 the deficit should decrease to 1.2%. In terms of the population, the state needs to improve the policy in the field of health and education and pay more attention to the social aspects of the development of the state.

Bibliography

1. State and municipal government: Textbook / Ed. N.I. Zakharova [Text]. - M.: INFRA - M, 2015. - 278 p.
2. Romanovsky M.V., Vrublevskaya O.V. The budget system of the Russian Federation: A textbook for university students studying in economic specialties. 4th ed., - St. Petersburg: Peter, 2015. - 576 p.
3. Siraeva R.R. Control over the execution of the budget as an integral part of the budget process /R.R. Siraeva, G.F. Garifullina // Socio-economic development of modern society in the context of modernization: materials of the International Scientific and Practical Conference. - Saratov, 2016. - S. 158-159.
4. Official website of the Ministry of Finance of the Russian Federation / Monthly information on the execution of the federal budget (data from January 1, 2011) [Electronic resource]: http://minfin.ru/ru/

The difficult economic situation in Russia makes us think ahead about what kind of life awaits us ordinary citizens in the future. The future of ordinary people directly depends on what policy those in power are going to follow in the coming period. Today we will learn about what will be the budget of Russia in 2017.

Features of the federal budget of the Russian Federation for 2017

As you know, the budget of the Russian Federation is being developed immediately for 3 years in advance, so now we can already talk about what Russia's budget indicators will be in 2017-2019. However, the figures in this budget, over time, under the influence of various factors and circumstances, can be changed, including the change in various budget indicators can be very significantly affected by world politics and the economy.

It should be noted that federal budget for 2017-2019., adopted by the State Duma - December 9, 2016 and signed by the President of the Russian Federation on December 20. The country's budget is calculated from many factors. Not the last influence on it is the dollar exchange rate, the general political situation in the foreign arena, etc. In addition, the imposed sanctions and retaliatory measures have a great influence on the country's economy. accepted the federal law on the budget will come into force on January 01, 2017.

Russian budget 2017 in numbers

Income- amount to 13488 billion rubles.

Expenses- 16241 billion rubles.

Budget deficit- 2753 billion rubles. It is planned to reduce the budget deficit over the next 3 years to 1.1 billion rubles. Analysts expect that in 2017 the level of the budget deficit will decrease by 15%. However, everyone unanimously argues that this reduction can only occur by reducing state spending, including for the needs of the population.

Table of income and expenses of the budget of the Russian Federation for 2017

Without exaggeration, the federal budget can be called one of the most important and expected financial documents by Russians in our country. It contains basic information about the planned cash flows in Russia: income components, expected expenses. The budget reflects in figures all the activities, programs and payments planned by our Government.

The formation and execution of the document is regulated by law. So, for the next financial year it has been signed and public information from it is already available. About the adopted budget of Russia for 2017 in numbers - read the article below.

Structure of the planned state budget

What is this document? It is compiled by the Government of the Russian Federation on the basis of a forecast of socio-economic development, which contains the expected parameters of indicators affecting the country's income. From them, the expected income items are formed. Then the revenue part is distributed to the necessary needs of the country.

The completed document is sent to State Duma for consideration. It must be approved in three readings, after the introduction of possible amendments. To date, the Russian budget for 2017 has been adopted in terms of the forecast for development and income.

Forecast values

What figures are the country's leadership oriented towards in the near future? The base scenario, which is the basis of the budget, contains the forecast values:

• Oil price: $40;
• Dollar exchange rate (average per year): 67.5-71 rubles;
• Gross domestic product: 86.8 trillion. rubles (growth 0.6%);
• Inflation (rising consumer prices): 4%.

Income

Budget revenues next year will amount to 13.42 trillion. rubles. The corresponding budget of Russia for 2017 in dollars will be about 200 million. This corresponds to the budget revenues of 2016 almost completely. The revenue part of the budget consists of the following main revenues:

Oil and gas sector (5029 billion rubles):

• Customs duties.

Others (8408 billion rubles):

• Excises (alcohol, fuel, tobacco products);
• Corporate income tax;
• Mineral extraction tax;
• Customs duties;
• Other.

For comparison, let's look at the ratio in 2012: 50.2% - income from the oil and gas sector and 49.8% - all the rest. Now income from the oil industry is less than the rest by a third. This distribution does not require comments and immediately answers one of the most popular questions - how much Russia is dependent on oil.

Expenses

According to the budget, expenses are expected in the amount of 16.18 trillion. rubles. This is 425 billion rubles. less than the previous year, but by 2.75 trillion. more income.

The expenditure part of the country's budget causes much more controversy among deputies. After the first reading, about 500 amendments were made, 3 out of 4 parties were against the proposed document. Consider the expenditure items of the adopted budget.

• National issues: 1170 billion rubles. (+72 billion compared to last year);
• National defense: 2840 billion rubles (- 1000 billion rubles);
• National security: 1968 billion rubles (+25 billion rubles);
• Economy: 2292 billion rubles (+124 billion rubles);
• Housing and communal services: 30 billion rubles. (-30 billion rubles);
• Environmental protection: 76 billion rubles (+11 billion rubles);
• Education: 568 billion rubles (+10 billion rubles);
• Culture and cinema: 94 billion rubles (+2 billion rubles);
• Medicine and healthcare: 377 billion rubles (-89 billion rubles);
• Social policy: 5080 billion rubles (+450 billion rubles);
• Sports: 86 billion rubles (+20 billion rubles);
• Mass media: 74 billion rubles. (-2 billion rubles);
• Public debt: 729 billion rubles (+89 billion rubles).

After the second reading, part of the costs was redistributed. As you can see, investments in the economy will increase next year. It is planned to allocate significant funds to support small and medium-sized businesses, as well as to subsidize the regions. The budget of the Ministry of Internal Affairs of Russia for 2017 is also planned to be increased. Funds have been added for the reconstruction of sports facilities, additional subsidies are waiting for regional media.

The military budget of Russia for 2017 (National Defense section) will be reduced, and will amount to 73% of last year. 2 times will cut the cost of housing and communal services.

However, not all state treasury expenditures are available: 18% of them are not open data and are classified.

deficit

The budget deficit of Russia for 2017 still takes place, despite the planned growth of the economy and significantly reduced (by 425 billion rubles) expenditures. Its value is very significant - 2.75 trillion. rub., which is a fifth of the revenue or 3.16% of GDP.

According to the project for the next 2018-2019, its size will gradually decrease, however, over these three years, completely get rid of the deficit Money in the treasury will not work, even in conditions of the strictest economy.

If we analyze the dynamics of financial revenues to the state budget, we can see that the deficit is due to a decrease in the profitability of the oil and gas sector. At present, the government is faced with the goal of not only reducing the budget deficit, but also reducing oil dependence by reorienting the economy to a new investment development model.

Where is the difference?

The deficit of budgetary funds in the Russian Federation has been taking place for more than a year, and all the previous time it was compensated from the Reserve Fund. Remaining there today 1.15 trillion. rubles will be spent in the first few months, but even this money will not be enough to finance the necessary expenses.

How will funds be raised for the remaining almost 2 trillion. rubles? Last news on the Russian budget for 2017 announce the decision to partially use the National Welfare Fund. Almost 67 billion rubles will be used for urgent needs. Loan bonds will also be placed on the domestic market in the amount of about 2 trillion. rubles. Such a solution was proposed by the Ministry of Finance, and, apparently, it has no worthy alternatives.

Other options for reducing the deficit include amending the Tax code, resulting in an increased the tax burden help in some way in this situation. Thus, the mineral extraction tax on oil products and gas will increase, excise taxes on fuel - diesel and fifth-class gasoline - will increase. Wine, tobacco products and e-cigarettes will also be subject to higher rates.

Conclusion

The crisis of 2014 showed all the imperfections of the current economic model in Russia. Significant dependence on the income of only one sector of the economy, the lack of adequate cash reserves and other issues related to the political orientation require revision and restructuring in accordance with the needs of the time.

However, the political course chosen by the Government to stabilize the situation in the country proved to be quite effective. The economy shows growth, foreign analysts from time to time improve their own forecasts regarding the socio-economic development of Russia. Therefore, there is reason to believe that the planned elimination of the budget deficit for 3 years should be implemented.

The government's point of view is that this fact should not dishearten Russians. On the contrary, sanctions should be viewed as a positive development, because long-term economic isolation will help develop own production and improve technological advances, which will ultimately provide the country with an unprecedented economic recovery. By the way, it is already predicted in the new federal budget.

The draft state budget for 2017-2019 was published in October

The draft document was published by employees of the Ministry of Finance of Russia on 10/12/2016, and it is he who will determine the structure of state revenues and expenditures for the next three years. The new budget is positioned as adapted to new realities, including low, declining cash reserves and "Western restrictions" economic growth. Let's take a closer look at what was included in the new Russian budget in order to find out the government's priorities.

Innovations in the State Budget of Russia

To date Russian budget not yet passed the final approval stage. But the main innovations and figures that characterize this bill can already be analyzed. Among the main innovations are the following points:

• the government intends to return to the old practice of adopting unified budget for a three-year period (in 2016, the Russian economy was based on a one-year financial document). According to the opinion voiced by representatives of the Ministry of Finance, this step will ensure consistency and predictability in leveling the accumulated budget imbalances;
• A distinctive feature of the new document was the change in the structure of sources for financing the budget deficit. If in the current year 2/3 of the deficit was covered by funds taken from the Reserve Fund, then in the next three years, representatives of the Ministry of Finance propose to use less sovereign funds and more - borrowed funds raised on the domestic market.

The revenue part of the budget of the Russian Federation in 2017

It should be noted that the revenue part in the 2017 budget is fixed at the level of 13.44 trillion rubles and differs slightly from last year's figure. Many economists say that if we also take into account and , then in real terms this part of the budget will continue its downward trend. In 2019, representatives of the Ministry of Finance predict an increase in revenue to 14.8 trillion rubles, which is a nominal historical maximum for the Russian economy.

Experts note that the planned growth is explained by the weakened positions of the ruble - the quotation of 71.1 rubles per 1 U.S. $. Oil quotes included in the budget of the Russian Federation are forecasted at $40/barrel. In addition, it should be noted that in relation to the level of GDP, the revenue part will tend to decrease - in 2019 this share will be 15%.

For the income side state budget the shaky position of the ruble affects

The head of the Ministry of Finance Anton Siluanov called the main goal of the government the provision of income without additional tax reform and. It is quite possible that the tax sphere will undergo reforms in favor of easing the fiscal burden for business - first of all, this may affect taxes levied on entrepreneurs. Other experts attribute the government's optimism to completely different reasons.

So, for example, Lyudmila Pronina, who holds the position of professor at the Department of Economics and Finance of the Public Sector of the RANEPA, says that the forecast growth of the revenue side of the Ministry of Finance is quite realistic. But she explains the likelihood of its execution by income from taxation, which the Ministry of Finance has pledged in the amount of 300 billion rubles for 2017, and 200 billion each in 2018 and 2019. The second reason she calls a possible increase.

The expenditure side of the Russian budget

Financing of expenditure items was proposed in the amount of 16.181 trillion rubles in 2017. It is worth saying that for the next two years this indicator was announced in a slightly smaller amount. So, in 2018, expenses will amount to 15.978 trillion, and in 2019 - 15.964 trillion rubles. According to Anton Siluanov, reducing the expenditure side of the budget is the only way to ensure budget consolidation.

Recall that the costs in the budget of the Russian Federation are divided into two parts: open and closed. The first of them in 2017 is planned in the amount of 13.31 trillion rubles, i.е. 18% of all spending will be classified. This is less than in 2016, when the level of "hidden" costs exceeded 22%. Moreover, the 2016 budget was adjusted in this aspect just before our eyes. Representatives of the Ministry of Finance explained this by some plans that provide for early settlement of loan obligations of defense enterprises.

The largest allocations will receive the defense sector of Russia

If we consider the functional areas of expenditure item by item, we can draw the following conclusions:

• it is planned to allocate 5.08 trillion rubles for the needs of social policy in 2017, 4.962 in 2018 and 5.054 in 2019. The government in this case demonstrates a tendency to reduce, explaining its actions by the need to save money;
• the national economy will receive allocations in the amount of 2.3 trillion rubles in 2017. In 2018, it will be allocated 2.246 trillion, and in 2019 - 2.054 trillion rubles, that is, over the next three years, funding national economy will be reduced from 14.2% of all expenses to 12.9%. It is rather strange that, with a policy of cutting spending on this article, government financiers predict the country will soon. It is not entirely clear what reasons this growth can provoke - in the context of sanctions and an investment blockade, foreign investment cannot be counted on, and local entrepreneurs cannot afford to take bank loans due to exorbitant interest;
• the needs of national defense will be financed in the amount of 950 billion rubles. This figure is an open part of the budget expenditures for this item. Taking into account closed items, which make up the gross part of defense spending, the industry will receive 2.84 trillion rubles in appropriations. In 2018, the allocations will amount to 2.72, and in 2019 - 2.856 trillion. In three years, funding will increase from 17.6% to 17.9% of the total expenditure part of the budget, which indicates high degree"militarization" of this document. Experts emphasize that the only salvation for the country's budget is the implementation of structural reforms related to production and the reduction of military spending. Nevertheless, this recommendation of experts has been ignored by the government for many years now;
• rising spending on national security and . The law enforcement agencies will receive 1.968 trillion rubles in 2017, 1.995 in 2018 and 2.007 in 2019. The share of these expenses in the budget will thus increase from 12.2 to 12.6%;
• costs, against this background, do not look so weighty. The Ministry of Education can only count on 568 billion for 2017. In the next two years, this figure will increase slightly and leave 589 and 586 billion, respectively;
• The health sector also does not cause particular concern for the government: in 2017, it is planned to allocate 377 billion rubles for it, and in 2018 and 2019 - 394 and 369 billion rubles each, respectively.

Doctors and teachers can hardly hope for state support

The analysis of hidden costs led to the following conclusions:

• government spending on so-called “other issues” will increase next year to 10% of the entire budget expenditures and amount to 1.62 trillion rubles, which exceeds the corresponding figure in 2016;
• a subsection entitled “other issues” appears with enviable regularity in a dozen directions, of which it is worth noting 500 billion rubles planned for “separate subsidies” for companies and organizations and “separate intergovernmental transfers” allocated for regional budgets;
• 150 "secret" billion rubles will be allocated under the article "National Security and Law Enforcement Agencies";
• items that include "other issues" and "hidden costs" together account for about 24% of the total expenditure part of the Russian budget.

About the budget deficit

The budget for the next three years is planned as a deficit. In 2017, this figure will amount to 2.74 trillion rubles (3.2% of GDP). Moreover, the government has not yet adopted the document, but is already considering possible amendments to this figure - recently the Ministry of Finance proposed to increase the budget deficit to the amount of 3.03 trillion rubles. According to some forecasts of economists, this figure may reach 3.26 trillion, moving close to the mark of 3.9% of GDP.

This value will be the largest gap in the last six years. Government experts unanimously say that the budget deficit is quite expected and Western sanctions are to blame, but they are confident that all problems can be overcome by finding additional sources of income. First of all, financiers are hoping for some new military contracts that can resolve the budget deficit. At the same time, it is worth quoting the words expressed on this occasion by Vladimir Putin.

The President mentioned that it may be too early to adopt a three-year budget in the current economic conditions, but he maintains the healthy optimism of state financiers. At the same time, if we compare income and expenses, it becomes clear that, compared with the 2016 budget, the income planned for 2019 should increase by almost 1.4 trillion rubles, and the expenditure should decrease by 670 billion in national currency.

In 2017, the budget deficit could reach a record 3.9% of GDP

It is also worth considering the high expenditure base of the current year. At the finish line, which has already reached the 2016 budget, the Ministry of Finance decided to increase expenditure items from 16.1 trillion rubles to 16.4 trillion. If we also take into account the fact that changes are expected in the consolidated budget schedule that will not be carried out through legislative amendments, then the total may reach 16.63 trillion rubles.

Financiers are more optimistic about the future, assuming that already in 2018 the country may reach a deficit of 2.2% of GDP, and by the end of 2019 will reduce it to 1.2%. At the same time, experts from the analytical agency Fitch say that Russia has not yet overcome its dependence on raw materials, and unstable oil prices, which so far have a characteristic downward trend, can hurt the budget filling.

State debt of the Russian Federation

As already mentioned, public financiers are planning to increase the level of borrowing in order to cover the budget deficit. Presumably, these will mainly be internal loans, which will amount to:

• 1.88 trillion rubles in 2017, which is two times higher than borrowings in 2016;
• in 2018, domestic government bonds will have to give another 1.6 trillion rubles;
• in 2019 - 1.7 trillion in national currency.

In addition, it is worth considering that in 2017 the maturity of the bonds, the total value of which is 829 billion rubles, is suitable. It is possible that the amount of placed federal loan bonds will amount to 1.9 trillion rubles. At the same time, Anton Siluanov noted that it is necessary to receive loans from domestic investors with a certain degree of caution so that they do not demand short-term bonds at high rates from the government.

It is worth noting that the change in the sources of financing the deficit is not accidental. In 2017, they plan to take 1.15 trillion from the Reserve Fund, which means that given source will be completely exhausted. Rumor has it that if necessary, the government will turn to money from the National Welfare Fund. According to the plans of the Ministry of Finance, this source will have to give 660 billion rubles. in 2017 and 1.14 trillion. – in 2018. As for the possible replenishment of these funds, it is not planned until February 1, 2020.

To reduce the budget deficit will increase the amount of borrowing

The bar for borrowing in foreign markets is dropping sharply. It is planned to attract no more than 7 billion US dollars from external sources in 2017, and in the next two - another 3 billion dollars each, which corresponds to the level of the pre-crisis years. Commenting on this fact, Anton Siluanov noted that the country could spend a year without external borrowing, but the government should maintain the level of liquidity of its Eurobonds.

In 2017, the main financial institution of the country will simply refinance the expiring debts. According to the plan, in 2017 Russia will have to buy valuable papers by 7.3 billion c.u. We note right away that many experts believe that the chief financier of Russia is disingenuous. The country will refuse external loans not because it does not need them, but because of the ongoing sanctions, which concern, among other things, the sphere of lending.

The volume of the total debt of the Russian Federation by the beginning of 2020 will increase, reaching 16.6 trillion. R. (16.8% of GDP), which exceeds the level of 2016 by 1.8%. In the next three years, the total amount of public debt will remain at a safe level. Although some economists are intimidated by the comparison of external public debt, which is estimated at 55 billion US dollars, the amount domestic debt(almost 9 billion rubles) and the amount of cash reserves estimated at 5.5 billion rubles.

The budget issue and Chechnya

The planned budget aimed at cost savings has already caused discontent in some regions. Recall that after the project was published, dissatisfaction with the reduction in funding for Chechnya through the social network Instagram was expressed by Ramzan Kadyrov, who holds the post of head of this republic. The Kremlin responded to this statement with the help of Dmitry Peskov, who is the press secretary of the Russian president.

In his statement, Peskov noted that the country's economy is characterized by difficulties that are related not only to the federation as a whole, but also to its individual regions. The presidential speaker focused on the fact that the head of the country foresaw the emergence of discussion points, but the debate should be moved to the lower house of the Duma. The government cannot be guided by the dissatisfaction of individual federal subjects - it takes into account the interests of the entire country, despite criticism from the regions.

Ramzan Kadyrov expressed dissatisfaction with the meager funding of Chechnya

Not so long ago, Kadyrov said that if in previous periods the authorities of the Republic of Chechnya took into account the policy of total budget savings, today he is forced to criticize the budget project. Kadyrov recalled that the republic has not received funds for a long time within the framework of the federal target program concerning the restoration of the economic and social sphere of Chechnya. The reduction of the Chechen budget will not allow the republican economy to develop and will have a negative impact on social obligations.

Nevertheless, one cannot ignore the fact that during the years of Ramzan Kadyrov's leadership, Chechnya received subsidies and subsidies in the amount of 540 billion rubles from the federal budget, closing the top three Russian subsidized leaders (the first two places are occupied by Dagestan and Yakutia). The budget of Chechnya, and so on 80-87% is formed by deductions from the national budget. Moreover, according to Natalya Zubarevich, director of the regional program of the Independent Institute of Social Policy, Grozny distributes a significant part of the incoming funds in a completely non-transparent manner.

However, with a very solid amount of subsidies, the republic still manages to take 4th place among the constituent entities of the Russian Federation in terms of unemployment. Moreover, 53% of the total unemployed population are men of working age. At the same time, the level of monetary incomes of the population of the republic is steadily increasing, but most of them are modestly recorded under the article not “salary”, but “other income”.

Conclusions and forecasts

In general, the budget can be safely called conservative. At least, he definitely does not provide for any drastic measures to resolve it, so, in fact, Russia will continue to eat up the remaining reserves. State financiers say that the budget for 2017-2019 will still be adjusted, and this will have to be done annually. Experts do not predict exacerbation of external risks for the country's economy, but they talk about the possibility of aggravation of internal risks.

In many ways, the solvency of the Russian budget depends on the oil market

Blame the already mentioned oil prices. In addition, Russia is facing presidential elections, which, according to the Ministry of Finance, makes it impossible to plan expenses in advance. Although it is a little unclear why the cost of elections cannot be calculated and included in the future budget in advance. Nevertheless, Russians are assured that everything will be fine: inflation expectations will drop by almost 3 times with GDP growth of 2.4% by the end of 2018. However, even these statements cause a certain amount of skepticism among economists.