In what cases is account 50.02 used? Operating cash

The enterprise maintains a central cash register (account 50.01), which receives revenue from the operating cash desk (account 50.02). Question.1. How many cash books should be maintained at the enterprise.2. The operating cash register works with a cash register, however, the receipt does not indicate the nomenclature of the goods sold, so the check is issued for the total amount. orders for both cash registers. Is this correct and is it possible to maintain one cash book?

1. Regardless of the number of operating cash registers, you need to keep one cash book in the main cash register. 2.During the day, the movement of money in the operating cash desks is reflected in. They guide him through each CCP. Then cash proceeds from operating rooms are transferred to the main cash desk. Receipt cash orders in form No. KO-1 in the main cash register are made on the basis of reference reports from the cashier-operator in form No. KM-6 or a summary report for all cash registers in form No. KM-7. In accounting, the transfer of cash proceeds from the operating cash desk to the main account is reflected by posting Debit 50.01 Credit 90-1. The numbering of cash receipt orders will be the same only for the main cash register.

How to keep a cash book (f. KO-4)

How to maintain form No. KO-4 when an organization has several operating cash desks

But how then to capitalize all the cash proceeds? Do not worry, everything is provided, the procedure is as follows. The movement of money in the operating cash desks during the day is reflected in the cashier-operator's journal according to form No. KM-4. They guide him through each CCP. Then the cash proceeds from the operating rooms are transferred to the main cash desk. There, employees make entries in the cash book. The basis for them will be cash receipt orders in form No. KO-1, which are drawn up in accordance with the cash register control tapes of operating cash registers.

Such regulations are provided for in paragraphs 4.6 and 5.2 of the Bank of Russia Directive No. 3210-U dated March 11, 2014, and instructions approved by Resolution of the State Statistics Committee of Russia dated December 25, 1998 No. 132.

You can check whether the receipt of cash, as well as its expenditure, is correctly reflected in the cash book by looking at the turnover of account 50 “Cash”. This follows from the Instructions for the chart of accounts (account 50) and paragraph 5 of clause 4.6 of the Bank of Russia Directive No. 3210-U dated March 11, 2014.

What documents need to be issued when operating a cash register

End of work shift

At the end of the work shift, the cashier-operator:

  • based on the Z-report, makes entries in the cashier-operator’s journal in form No. KM-4;
  • draws up a certificate-report of the cashier-operator according to form No. KM-6. This document also reflects the readings of control and summing meters, the amount of revenue per shift and the amount of money returned to customers. The report is drawn up in one copy and, together with the proceeds, is transferred to the main cash desk.
  • returns to the senior cashier of the main cash register the amount of money received at the beginning of the shift for change and initial settlements with customers. This return is recorded in the book of accounting of funds accepted and issued by the cashier in form No. KO-5. To confirm the return of this amount, the senior cashier signs in column 9.

This procedure is provided for in paragraph 6.1 of the Model Rules approved

Count 50 accounting- this is an active “Cashier” account, used to record the movement of cash in the cash register of an enterprise, control over their receipt, expenditure and intended use. Let's look at which accounts account 50 corresponds to, as well as typical transactions for account 50 using the example of an operation for issuing cash from the cash register to a sub-account for payment for the services of a counterparty.

Account 50 “Cash” in accounting

Cash settlements with legal entities, individuals, and counterparties are carried out through cash transactions, the main ones of which are:

  • Issue wages;
  • Administrative expenses;
  • Receipts from cash sales;
  • Expenses for the purchase of inventories by accountable persons, etc.

All cash transactions related to the disposal, receipt and movement of funds are taken into account in accounting under account 50 “Cash” and are reflected in the cash book. The basis for making entries is source documents— expenditure and receipt cash orders (form KO-2 and KO-1).

Using account 50 “Cash” you can get all the information about cash in the organization, the sources of its receipt and further circulation. Account balance 50 shows the total amount of cash and monetary documents. The account is active, therefore the debit of the account records the receipt and receipt of cash at the cash desk. The credit of the account reflects the amount of cash issued from the cash register.

Sub-accounts shown in the figure can be opened for account 50 “Cashier”:

Typical transactions and examples of transactions on account 50

Let's look at typical transactions for this account in Tables 1 and 2.

Table 1. The most common and widespread entries in the debit of account 50:

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Account Dt Account Kt A document base
50 50-2 Cash transferred from operating cash desk to cash desk KO-1, KM-6, KM-4
50 51 Transfer of funds from the current account to the cashier KO-1, bank statement on the account,
check stub (checkbook)
50 52 Transfer of funds from a foreign currency account to a cash desk KO-1, bank statement on account
50 62 Advance payment received from the buyer / payment received for the goods KO-1, cash receipt.
50 70 Return of excess wages to the cash desk. KO-1
50/50-3 71 Return to the cash desk the balance of accountable amounts/cash KO-1
50 73-1 Payment of loans from employees KO-1
50 75-1 Contribution of the founder to the authorized capital KO-1, constituent documents
50-1 90.01.1 Sales revenue/income from other operations cash register

Table 2. Main entries for the credit of account 50:

Account Dt Account Kt Description of transaction posting A document base
04 50-1 Purchase of intangible assets KO-2
51 50 Transferring cash from the cash desk to the bank KO-2
60 50-1 Payment to the supplier (contractor) for goods received (work performed) KO-2
52 50-1 Refund of advance payment to the buyer from a special bank account KO-2
70 50 Issuance of salaries to employees KO-2, T-53
70 50 Payment of income from participation in the organization to employees KO-2
71 50/50-3 Issuance of accountable amounts/cash documents KO-2
73-1 50 Obtaining a loan by an employee KO-2
75-2 50 Payment of income from participation in the organization to persons who are not employees KO-2
76 50-1 Payment of obligations in the form of debt to other counterparties KO-2
94 50 Reflection of cash shortages INV-15, INV-26

Practical example with wiring

VolgaDon LLC and Garant LLC concluded an agreement for the provision of legal services in the amount of RUB 8,800.00. To pay for consulting legal services under the contract, employee of VolgaDon LLC Yuzik K.M. received funds for reporting in the amount of RUB 9,000.00. To perform settlements with Garant LLC, Yuzik K.M. provided the accountant with an advance report and returned the balance to the cashier.

The accountant of VolgaDon LLC generated the following entries for the issuance of cash from the cash register to the sub-account for payment of legal services to a third-party organization:

Account Dt Account Kt Transaction amount, rub. Description of transaction posting A document base
26 60 7 458,00 Services of Garant LLC are reflected in costs (8,800.00-1,342.00) Certificate of completed work (hereinafter referred to as the Certificate)
19 60 1 342,00 VAT is allocated from the cost of services Act
68 VAT 19 1 342,00 VAT is accepted for deduction act, invoice
71 50-1 9 000,00 From the cash desk of VolgaDon LLC, funds were issued under the report of Yuzik K.M. KO-2, statement of the reporting person
60 71 8 800,00 Payment for services on behalf of VolgaDon LLC is reflected Act, advance report
50-1 71 200,00 Balance of unused funds Yuzik K.M. returned to the organization's cash desk Act, advance report, KO-1

In this material, which continues the series of publications devoted to the new chart of accounts, an analysis of account 50 “Cash” of the new chart of accounts is carried out. This commentary was prepared by Y.V. Sokolov, Doctor of Economics, Deputy. Chairman of the Interdepartmental Commission on Reforming Accounting and Reporting, member of the Methodological Council on Accounting under the Ministry of Finance of Russia, first President of the Institute professional accountants Russia, V.V. Patrov, professor of St. Petersburg State University and N.N. Karzaeva, Ph.D., deputy. Director of the audit service of Balt-Audit-Expert LLC.

Account 50 "Cash" is intended to summarize information about the availability and flow of funds in the organization's cash desks.

Sub-accounts can be opened for account 50 “Cashier”:

50-1 "Organization cash desk",
50-2 "Operating cash desk",
50-3 "Cash documents", etc.

Subaccount 50-1 “Cash of the organization” records the funds in the cash desk of the organization. When an organization carries out cash transactions with foreign currency, then corresponding sub-accounts must be opened for account 50 “Cash” for separate accounting movements of each cash foreign currency.

Subaccount 50-2 "Operating cash desk" takes into account the availability and movement of funds in the cash desks of commodity offices (piers) and operational areas, stopping points, river crossings, ships, ticket and baggage offices of ports (piers), train stations, ticket storage offices, ticket offices post offices, etc. It is opened by organizations (in particular, transport and communications organizations) if necessary.

Subaccount 50-3 “Cash documents” takes into account postage stamps, state duty stamps, bill stamps, paid air tickets and other monetary documents in the organization’s cash desk. Cash documents are accounted for on account 50 “Cash” in the amount of actual acquisition costs. Analytical accounting of monetary documents is carried out by their types.

The debit of account 50 "Cash" reflects the receipt of funds and monetary documents to the organization's cash desk. The credit of account 50 "Cash" reflects the payment of funds and the issuance of monetary documents from the organization's cash desk.

From this description we see that account 50 “Cashier” takes into account three types of values:

  • domestic currency;
  • foreign currency;
  • monetary documents.

Regarding the domestic currency, everything is quite simple: the ruble is the ruble, and no inflationary or deflationary processes can affect money. Their purchasing power may change, but this cannot affect accounting in any way. Accounting knows neither inflation nor deflation - domestic money is always accounted for at par.

Most often, three questions arise regarding cash accounting in practice: can an enterprise have several cash registers, how many cash books should there be in this case, and how is the cash limit set?

An enterprise may have several cash registers open. This follows from the procedure for determining the cash limit at the cash desk of the enterprise. According to clause 2.5 of the regulations on the rules for organizing cash money circulation on the territory of the Russian Federation, approved by the Central Bank of the Russian Federation on January 05, 1998 No. 14-P, if the structural divisions of the enterprise do not have an independent balance sheet and accounts in banking institutions, then for these structural divisions and for the enterprise it is established single cash balance limit taking into account these structural divisions. Consequently, it is assumed that structural divisions have independent cash desks. And each organized cash register must maintain a cash book (clause 3 of the letter of the Central Bank of the Russian Federation dated October 4, 1993 No. 18).

By representative offices, branches and others separate units of an enterprise located outside its location, drawing up a separate balance sheet and having accounts in banking institutions, the cash balance limit in the cash register is established by the servicing bank on the basis of a calculation in form No. 0408020 “Calculation for establishing a cash balance limit for an enterprise and issuing permission to spend cash from proceeds coming to its cash desk."

We encounter completely different circumstances when accounting for foreign currency. Theoretically, two possibilities may arise:

  • or account for it as money;
  • or as a product.

In the first case, exchange rate fluctuations lead to changes in the ruble valuation of foreign currency and the need for its constant revaluation. In the second case, such currency is accepted at the current rate, and its value does not change until this currency is paid out. In our country, the first option has been adopted.

Very great difficulties arise when recording monetary documents. Difficulties arise in determining what is considered a monetary document. In the chart of accounts, they are determined by the principle of transfer, and this makes it possible to clearly distinguish some of their varieties in accounting:

  • postage stamps;
  • state duty stamps;
  • bill stamps;
  • air tickets paid for.

Further, the planners indicate “and others,” i.e. Chief Accountant in each individual case, he must decide: to include or not to include this document in the cash structure and, accordingly, in which account to reflect its cash equivalent.

According to the classification of accounts, all subaccounts of account 50 "Cash" should be classified as cash accounts, but the so-called monetary documents are surrogates for cash, and they cannot always be used, unlike cash, to cover accounts payable. In essence, it is no coincidence that monetary documents are allocated to a separate subaccount 50.3 “Cash Documents”.

For our part, we will try to show some approaches to defining monetary documents.

A monetary document is a certificate of purpose for which money is paid. The phrase “purpose certificate” means that this document can be used in strict accordance with its purpose.

Theoretically, the question arises of what valuation to record monetary documents in accounting.

Until 2001, the procedure was prescribed according to which monetary documents had to be taken into account in the nominal valuation. In all cases, and there were a majority of them, when the actual cost (usually the price paid) coincided with the estimate at face value, no problems arose, but when there was no such coincidence, the problem arose of recording the difference between the price paid and the face value. Fortunately, the new chart of accounts does not have this problem.

However, having solved this problem, the drafters of the chart of accounts created another problem: the balance of account 50.3 “Cash Documents” is difficult to verify. This is due to the fact that when conducting an inventory, the total value of monetary documents can be identified only at face value, while in synthetic accounting in account 50.3 “Cash Documents” their value will be shown at actual cost. Consequently, one of the fundamental requirements for accounting will be violated - the requirement of consistency. In fact, paragraph 7 PBU 1/98 " Accounting policy", instructs enterprise administrations to ensure

Naturally, if we say a trip, nominal cost which is 3,000 rubles. was purchased by the administration for the employees of the enterprise for 2,800 rubles, then the debit of account 50.3 “monetary documents” will reflect 2,800 rubles, but in the cash register, instead of 2,800 rubles. There will be a monetary document of 3,000 rubles.

This creates additional difficulties for the accountant, because he must provide two estimates for each such document in his analytical accounting - nominal (it is almost always indicated on the document itself) and actual, regarding which, in all cases of discrepancy in estimates, a reference entry must be made. And only in this case can one adhere to the given requirements of PBU 1/98 and ensure a correlation between synthetic and analytical accounting.

It should be noted that in the old chart of accounts, account 56 “Cash documents” also took into account the repurchased shares of the enterprise; now they are accounted for in account 81 “Own shares (shares)”.

Synthetic account 50 in accounting is used to obtain cash flow data. It is mainly used by trading companies when interacting with buyers and customers; other enterprises need it to carry out internal and external payments for various purposes. Let's figure out what operations accounting account 50 is involved in - you will find the entries below.

Characteristics of account 50 "Cashier"

Consolidated account 50 in accounting is used to obtain reliable information about cash payments of a company or individual entrepreneur with individuals and legal entities. At the same time, the participants in the relationship include both third-party contractors and employees of the organization. Among the typical cash transactions on the account. 50 are listed:

  • Receipts from the sale of goods and materials, works or services for cash.
  • Issuance of wages, accountable and other types of payments to employees within the framework of labor relations.
  • Payments for services performed with third parties.
  • Various administrative and economic calculations, etc.

Typical postings to account 50 “Cash” are carried out in terms of cash receipts, disposals, circulation and internal movement. It is mandatory to prepare unified cash documentation - PKO, RKO, cash book, etc. The main registers of synthetic accounting for account 50 are given below.

Account 50 "Cashier" - sub-accounts:

  • 50.1 – for accounting for cash at the enterprise’s cash desk.
  • 50.2 – for accounting for cash in operating cash desks.
  • 50.3 – monetary documents are accounted for in account 50 “Cashier” for actual expenses for the purchase of postage stamps, prepaid air tickets, state duty stamps, bill stamps, etc. A separate sub-account is opened for each type of document.
  • 50.4 – for accounting for cash in the foreign exchange office when carrying out foreign economic activity and sending personnel on business trips abroad. Additionally, sub-accounts can be opened for each type of foreign currency.

Count 50 – active or passive?

If you analyze account 50, it becomes clear that the increase in turnover occurs on the debit side of the account, and the decrease occurs on the credit side. Therefore, this account is active. Account 50 correspondence is carried out when funds are received in the debit of the account. 50 and credit accounts – , , , 76, , 52, , , , , 79, , 90, 99, etc.

Disposal is recorded according to the credit account. 50 and the debit of the corresponding accounts - 70, , , 71, 76, 75, 73, 68, , , 52, , 57, 55, 80, 79, 99, etc.

Registers by account 50

Cash registers are not only unified forms of incoming and outgoing orders, a cash book and a cashier's report, but also accounting documents that allow you to obtain the most complete information about cash flow. First of all, these include:

  • The balance sheet for account 50 is the most common example of a synthetic accounting register for account 50, containing data on the incoming/outgoing balance and turnover for a given period.
  • Journal order for account 50 – this register analytical accounting for account 50 is compiled according to the cashier's reports. In this case, the journal order for the credit of account 50 shows all actual payments from the cash desk, broken down by corresponding accounts.
  • Statement for account 50 - statement No. 1 is filled out to journal order No. 1 to detail the cash receipts made on the debit of the account. 50 indicating the number of the cash report, departments and correspondence of accounts.
  • Analysis of account 50 - used as a consolidated register of turnover for a period (month, decade, quarter, etc.) indicating the total turnover and opening/exiting balance. Detailing can be done by subaccounts and subaccounts.

Analysis of score 50 - sample:

Account 50 in accounting – postings:

  • D 50 K 90 – reflects the receipt of money from retail sales.
  • D 50 K 51 (52, 55) – cash was withdrawn from a cash account (currency, special).
  • D 50 K 60 – the advance payment previously issued to the supplier was returned in cash.
  • D 50 K 62 – the buyer paid in cash.
  • D 50 K 66 (67) – the receipt of a cash loan is reflected.
  • D 50 K 71 – accountable person returned the debt to the cashier.
  • D 50 K 73 – the culprit compensates for the damage caused.
  • D 50 K 75 – contribution made by the founder in cash.
  • D 51, 52 K 50 – money from the cash register was deposited into a cash account (currency).
  • D 70 K 50 – salaries were issued to the staff from the cash register.
  • D 71 K 50 – cash was issued to the employee for reporting.
  • D 66 (67) K 50 – loan or interest repaid in cash.
  • D 94 K 50 - reflects the shortage of cash identified during the inventory.

Conclusion - we have examined the main entries for account 50, the typical application of which is regulated by Order No. 94n dated October 31, 2000.

Account 50 "Cash" is intended to summarize information about the availability and flow of funds in the organization's cash desks.


Sub-accounts can be opened for account 50 “Cashier”:


50-1 "Organization cash desk",


50-2 "Operating cash desk",


50-3 "Cash documents", etc.


Subaccount 50-1 “Cash of the organization” records the funds in the cash desk of the organization. When an organization carries out cash transactions with foreign currency, then corresponding sub-accounts must be opened to account 50 “Cash” for separate accounting of the movement of each cash foreign currency.


Subaccount 50-2 "Operating cash desk" takes into account the availability and movement of funds in the cash desks of commodity offices (piers) and operational areas, stopping points, river crossings, ships, ticket and baggage offices of ports (piers), train stations, ticket storage offices, ticket offices post offices, etc. It is opened by organizations (in particular, transport and communications organizations) if necessary.


Subaccount 50-3 “Cash documents” takes into account postage stamps, state duty stamps, bill stamps, paid air tickets and other monetary documents in the organization’s cash desk. Cash documents are accounted for on account 50 “Cash” in the amount of actual acquisition costs. Analytical accounting of monetary documents is carried out by their types.


The debit of account 50 "Cash" reflects the receipt of funds and monetary documents to the organization's cash desk. The credit of account 50 "Cash" reflects the payment of funds and the issuance of monetary documents from the organization's cash desk.

Account 50 "Cashier"
corresponds with accounts

by debit on loan

50 Cashier
51 Current accounts
52 Currency accounts
55 Special bank accounts
57 Transfers on the way

66 Calculations for short-term loans and borrowings
67 Calculations for long-term loans and borrowings

75 Settlements with founders

80 Authorized capital
86 Targeted financing
90 Sales
91 Other income and expenses
98 Deferred income
99 Profit and loss

50 Cashier
51 Current accounts
52 Currency accounts
55 Special bank accounts
57 Transfers on the way
58 Financial investments
60 Settlements with suppliers and contractors
62 Settlements with buyers and customers
66 Calculations for short-term loans
68 Calculations for taxes and duties
69 Calculations for social insurance and security
70 Settlements with personnel for wages
71 Settlements with accountable persons
73 Settlements with personnel for other operations
75 Settlements with founders
76 Settlements with various debtors and creditors
79 On-farm settlements
80 Authorized capital
81 Treasury shares (shares)
94 Shortages and losses from damage to valuables
99 Profit and loss

Application of the chart of accounts: account 50

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  • What exactly are entertainment expenses?

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  • Calculations with accountable persons

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    Foreign currency are paid in the amount of 50% of the rate of expenses for the payment of daily allowances... receipt of money to the organization's cash desk from a foreign currency account and issuance of it from... x 68.5801 rub./euro) 50 52 68 580.1 Issued... 68.5801 rub./euro) 71 50 68 580.1 25.09 ... x 69.0737 rub./euro) 50 71 6 907.37 Reflected... x 70 rub./euro) 71 50 70 000 09.25.2017 .. . euro x 68 rub./euro) 50 71 6 800 Expenses are reflected... advance payment to the employee in rubles 71 50 70 000 09/25/2017 ... 825 The amount not spent by the accountable person was returned to the cash desk 50 71 8 ...

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