When choosing a banking structure, not only to obtain a loan, but also to open a deposit account, most clients limit themselves only to information about the popularity of the organization in the world and in the country, and the scope of its advertising campaign. Others, more experienced and knowledgeable people, pay no less attention to such an indicator as the level of government influence on a particular institution.

After all, the participation of the state in the work of a private financial institution gives investors additional guarantees that in the event of bankruptcy or other problems, the organization will receive certain reorganizations from the state and their assets, as well as the assets of their clients will not be lost. Naturally, such enterprises have increased trust, both from large companies, investors, and from individuals.

Today, the VTB group of companies is one of the largest Russian international financial associations with state participation. Along with the countries of the former USSR, the holding also covers many countries in Western Europe, Asia, and Africa. It has large subsidiaries in the following countries and states:

• Great Britain;
• Cyprus;
• India;
• Serbia;
• Georgia;
• Angola;
• China;
• Singapore;
• United Arab Emirates.

In total, the group includes more than twenty different institutions that operate in all significant segments of the global financial market. VTB is not just a state institution, but also one of the most important systemically important enterprises influencing the financial life of the state.

Information about VTB in numbers

VTB is a universal commercial credit institution with state participation, in which 60.9% of the organization's assets are owned and controlled by the state. Today, the group of companies occupies a leading position among Russian banks in terms of authorized capital, and second place in terms of assets. Founded in 1990.

Mergers of VTB with other financial structures

The group of companies began its history immediately after the collapse of the USSR in 1990 as a state institution of foreign trade or Vneshtorgbank. The organization was founded in the form of a closed joint stock company, and was intended to carry out external economic government operations in Russia.

At the beginning of 1996, Vneshtorgbank acquired a controlling stake in the financial and credit organization JSCB Tula Regional Bank. Having received active development in 1998, it was transformed from a closed to an open joint-stock company with a state share in the form of the Central Bank of Russia of 96.8%. In 2004, it absorbs CJSC CB Guta-Bank, purchasing 85.51% of the latter's shares. In total, since 2005, Vneshtorgbank has acquired and added to its holding:

• OJSC Industrial Construction Bank - 2005;
• French state-owned Eurobank, which later becomes VTB Bank (France) - 2005;
• British Moscow Narodny Bank – 2005;
• German "Ost-West Handelsbank AG" - 2005;
• Georgian “United Georgian Bank” - 2005;
• Ukrainian State Bank "Mriya" - 2006 (in the same year Vneshtorgbank received the new name VTB, and Vneshtogrbank24 - VTB24);
• Belarusian state financial and credit organization "Slavneftebank" - 2007;
• Azerbaijani state "AF-Bank";
• State Bank of Moscow - 2009;
• OJSC TransCreditBank – 2012

List of major banks with state participation

Name of the organization	State share
Sberbank	0.5232
VTB	0.609
Rosselkhozbank	1
SvyazBank	0.994
PochtaBank	50% + 1 share
Russian capital	0.51
Krayinvestbank	0.9804
"Rus"	0.6553
RNKB	1
Vnesheconombank	1

A state financial institution is considered to be one in which a controlling stake (more than 50 percent) belongs to a state structure, be it the Central Bank, the Federal Property Management Agency or simply a municipal body, a separate region or city.

State-owned banks or banks with state support, of course, inspire greater confidence among the population. They belong to the safest category of credit institutions, since state participation provides them with some advantages.

Methods of state participation

The list of state-owned banks in Russia remains virtually unchanged and is classified according to the degree of state participation:

• By force of law
• Full participation
• Partial participation
• Indirect participation
• State control

The first option includes banks that themselves were created on the basis of relevant federal laws. And the state does not participate in them, but they themselves personify the state: the Central Bank.

The second method includes banks where the state owns 100% of the bank's shares. For example, Rosselkhozbank or RNKB.

Partial means that the state has a controlling stake. A classic example of such a bank is Sberbank. Although everyone considers it state-owned, in fact the state owns only 52.32% of its shares in the form of the Bank of Russia. But at the same time, no one considers Russian Capital Bank to be state-owned, and yet the state’s share of participation in it, represented by the DIA, is 100%.

Indirect is when government participation occurs through one of the controlled organizations, and not directly. The most clear example is the banks of the VTB group. Thus, more than 99% of the shares of VTB24 belonged to VTB. In turn, the state owns 60.9% of VTB itself. Consequently, the state also owned VTB24.

There are also more complex designs - Pochtobank. More than 96% of its shares belonged to 96.784% Svyaz-Bank. The shares of Svyaz-Bank itself belong to Vnesheconombank (more than 99%). And Vnesheconombank is already state-owned, acting on the basis of a special federal law.

Control. This category includes those organizations in which a temporary administration has been appointed, for example, during the reorganization of the DIA or after the revocation of a license.

List of banks with state support 2019

Bank	Share of participation
By force of law
Bank of Russia (Central Bank of the Russian Federation)	86-FZ “On the Central Bank of the Russian Federation (Bank of Russia)”
Vnesheconombank (Bank for Development and Foreign Economic Affairs)	(activities are regulated by special law No. 82-FZ “On the Development Bank”)
Full participation
JSC "Rosselkhozbank"	100% of shares with voting rights (Rosimushchestvo)
RNKB Bank (Russian National Commercial Bank)	100% (Rosimushchestvo)
JSCB "ROSSIYSKY CAPITAL"	100% Housing Mortgage Lending Agency (AHML JSC)
Partial participation
JSC "MSP Bank"	100% Federal Corporation for the Development of Small and Medium Enterprises
JSC ROSEXIMBANK	100% Vnesheconombank
JSC "GLOBEXBANK"	99.99% from Vnesheconombank
PJSC JSCB "Svyaz-Bank"	99.7745% of shares held by Vnesheconombank
Joint Stock Company "All-Russian Regional Development Bank" (RRDB)	84.67% belongs to NK Rosneft
OIKB "Rus"	48.5972% Orenburg region 51.2747% Bank "ORENBURG" (99.73% Orenburg region)
VTB (PJSC)	60.93% of shares belong to the state (Rosimushchestvo)
AK BARS	64.222% Republic of Tatarstan
Sberbank	52.32% belongs to the Central Bank
JSCB "NOVIKOMBANK"	53.83613% Rostec 46.16387% Rosoboronexport
KBER "Bank of Kazan"	42.1724% City of Kazan
JSC Gazprombank	87.5955% - PJSC Gazprom, incl. affiliated companies 8.5341% - Vnesheconombank
Khakass Municipal Bank	33.362% Abakan
Indirect participation
RNCO "Narat"	100% AK BARS
PJSC "Krayinvestbank"	99.99% - RNKB
State control
Bank FC Otkritie	99.99% Central Bank
Genbank	72.45% DIA 6.89% Republic of Crimea 6.89% city of Sevastopol
TRUST	99.99% Bank of Russia
Promsvyazbank	99.99% DIA
AvtoVAZbank	100% Bank of Russia
Growth Bank	99.99% Bank of Russia (merger with TRUST Bank has begun)
Asia-Pacific Bank	99.99% Bank of Russia (publication dated September 28, 2018)
BINBANK	99.99% Bank of Russia (publication dated October 25, 2018)
FONDSERVISBANK	99.76% Roscosmos (publication dated 12/07/2018)
Also undergoing refurbishment:

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It would be logical to assume that state banks are banks that are completely owned by the state through its various corporations and government bodies. However, upon closer examination it turned out that in most of these credit institutions the share of shares in the hands of the state is limited. That is, part of the shares still belongs to non-state (private) legal entities and individuals. The extent to which the bank can be called state-owned depends on the size of these shares and their ratio. And if we take into account that, according to the law, the owner may not participate in the operational management of his company, then, according to experts, it is not always possible to identify a state bank with one hundred percent sustainability of its business.

And the legislation treats the rights of depositors of any Russian bank equally. The reliability of a bank is most influenced by hired top managers and the business policies they build. However, there are other more complex risks, in the event of which the state will primarily save state-owned banks from collapse. But whether the situation that had developed by that time will contribute to this is a question with many unknowns.

In Russia, according to some estimates, there are more than fifty banks in the capital of which the state has a share of one size or another. For example, did you know that almost 42% of Sberbank shares are owned by foreign individuals and companies? Or that in the National Reserve Bank the share of Rosimushchestvo (Federal Agency for State Property Management) is now 2.99%. And Russian Capital Bank came under full ownership of the state corporation DIA as a result of its reorganization in 2008, which did not allow the large private bank to go bankrupt. The situation is approximately the same with the Bank of Moscow (formerly private), which its new owner, VTB Bank, considered state-owned, has been saving from the crisis for several years now.

When assessing any bank for belonging to the state, one must keep in mind the plans of the state itself to slowly sell off its shares of property ownership into private hands. For example, as part of the equation of the competitive environment within the banking system of the Russian Federation, plans were once voiced to gradually reduce the Central Bank’s share in Sberbank to a quarter. And the current recapitalization of banks through OFZs as part of anti-crisis measures, on the contrary, will increase the presence of the state (represented by the DIA) in the capital of several private banks.

In the following review of the most profitable deposits in state-owned banks, keep in mind that, as a rule, these banks only offer the highest rates for multi-million dollar savings of VIP depositors. For more modest investments, the interest here will be lower, sometimes even one and a half to two times. And if you definitely want to find the highest rates of 15-16.9% for moderate amounts, then it is better to contact small banks, prudently limiting the volume of your deposits there to the framework of the DIA insurance liability (currently 1,400,000 rubles).

The bank and its place in the ranking size of assets at the end of March 2015.	State participation in bank capital carried out through shares owned by:	Maximum deposit rate
		in rubles (%)	in currency (%)
Globex	99.99% to Vnesheconombank (100% owner - government bodies of the Russian Federation)	15	6
Absolut Bank	5.29% directly to JSC Russian Railways (100% owner is the Russian government); 72.57% NPF Blagosostoyanie (99% owner – various structures of JSC Russian Railways)	15	4,5
VTB 24	99.91% to VTB Bank (60.93% owner – FA Rosimushchestvo)	14,6	4,2
Russian Capital	99.99% of the DIA State Corporation (100% owner - government bodies of the Russian Federation)	14,5	5,5
Svyaz-Bank	99.65% to Vnesheconombank (100% owner - government bodies of the Russian Federation)	14,5	6,3
All-Russian Regional Development Bank (RRDB)	84.67% of NK Rosneft (69.5% owner is OJSC Rosneftegaz, where 100% of the shares belong to FA Rosimushchestvo)	13,5	4,5
Rosselkhozbank	100% to the Government of the Russian Federation represented by the Federal Agency Rosimushchestvo	13,1	4
Bank of Moscow	96.88% to VTB Bank (60.93% owner – FA Rosimushchestvo)	12,5	4,9
Gazprombank	49.65% NPF Gazfond (the main owner is OJSC Gazprom through various own structures); 35.54% OJSC Gazprom (49.34% owner – FA Rosimushchestvo) 10.19% to Vnesheconombank (100% owner - government bodies of the Russian Federation)	11	3,5
Sberbank of Russia	52.32% to the Central Bank of the Russian Federation (100% owner - government bodies of the Russian Federation)	10,3	4,2

Globex Bank

Today, of all four possible deposit offers of the bank, the most expensive is “Exact calculation”. Its rate range is 11-15% per annum. The profitability here depends on the chosen period and the invested amount. The lowest percentage is valid for a period of 2-3 years, and the highest for a period of 6-12 months for ruble savings. Minimum amounts: 100,000 rubles or 2,000 USD / EURO.

The agreement does not provide for replenishment, partial expenditure, or capitalization. Interest is paid at the end. Early termination occurs at the “on demand” rate. The agreement can be concluded in favor of a third party, which is not found in every bank.

Absolut Bank

The “Absolute Maximum +” deposit is one of the bank’s five offers. The best rates in rubles here apply to contracts with a term of up to a year, in foreign currency, on the contrary, for more than a year. You can choose a convenient period for yourself in the range of 91-1080 days. The most favorable ruble yield under the following conditions: 367 days, deposit from RUB 1,400,000. Smaller savings (from RUB 30,000) are cheaper.

There are no additional income and expense transactions in the deposit. Interest is paid to the investor at the end of the term. The preferential early termination rate begins to apply after six months.

Russian Capital

In total, the bank has four types of deposits with different conditions. The highest ruble rate of 14.5% is valid in three of them, incl. in the “Russian Capital Plus” agreement, in which the best profitability is valid for a period of 395 days, for amounts from 1,500,000 rubles. or from 50,000 euros/dollars. The minimum possible investment amount is RUB 10,000. or 300 euros or US dollars. The maximum period is 3 years.

Interest is calculated monthly: optionally capitalized or issued in the form of annuity. It is possible to replenish and early withdrawal while retaining part of the bet under certain conditions.

Svyaz-Bank

Of the bank’s ten deposits, the best in terms of profitability is the “Collection Classic” agreement. True, the minimum starting amount is 3,000,000 rubles. or 100,000 euros/dollars. The highest percentage is valid on placement terms: from RUB 300,000,000. for 6 months or from 10,000,000 dollars/euro for 1 year. Below rates apply to other contracts, for other amounts and terms (from 1 month to 5 years).

Interest is paid at the end of the term or once a year. Partial withdrawals, replenishments and early benefits are not provided. But it is possible to open a deposit online through Internet banking.

Rosselkhozbank

The bank just lowered its deposit rates. There are a total of 14 types of deposits with different savings conditions. Now the best rate is valid in the “Golden” deposit, which opens incl. via ATM or Internet. Profitability is tied to the amount (from RUB 1,500,000) and term (from 1 month to 4 years). The highest rate is offered for savings: from 30,000,000 rubles, placed for 6 months and from 50,000 dollars/euro, with a period of 2.5 years.

Interest on this deposit is paid at the end of the term. Additional contributions are not accepted. Expense transactions are not allowed. There are no benefits for early delivery.

RRDB

The bank offers its depositors a choice of 12 types of deposits with different conditions. The best yielding ruble deposit is “Prime-M”, in which the highest rate works: for a period of 3 months for investments from 100,000,000 rubles. The “Special Status” deposit is the most profitable for investments in dollars: term 1 year, from $5,000,000.

Of these two proposals: a ruble deposit fixes the monthly interest payment without replenishment options, a foreign currency deposit can be capitalized with interest, replenishment and partial withdrawal. The preferential rate for early payment is valid in limited cases.

VTB 24

Of the thirteen deposits, the best are: for currency - “Profitable Online”, for rubles - “Double”. Conditions for the highest rate in rubles: investments from 3,500,000 rubles, 6 months, interest payment at the end of the term without capitalization, no replenishment options and early termination benefits, issued in a package with an investment life insurance agreement.

Conditions for the highest rate in dollars: savings from $50,000, the term can be chosen in the range of 12-18 months, capitalization or annuity when paying interest, only remote opening through the Telebank system, preferential rate for early payment.

Bank of Moscow

The bank's deposit portfolio consists of eleven offers. Today, the best in terms of ruble profitability is the “Correct Answer” deposit with laddered interest accrual and quarterly capitalization. There is one rate for any amount (minimum RUB 100,000). The deadline for everyone is also the same - 380 days.

The “Maximum Income (Pension)” deposit is the most expensive for currency. The best rate is valid for savings from 100 dollars/euro for a period of 366-547 days (accurate to the day of the client’s choice). Monthly interest is either capitalized or paid at the discretion of the depositor.

Gazprombank

The Gazprombank - Perspective deposit is the best today in terms of interest rates. The most profitable ruble deposits are opened for a period of 6 or 12 months with a minimum amount of 1,000,000 rubles. The term for the best foreign currency savings is 12 months with investments from 10,000 dollars/euro. The minimum deposit amount is 15,000 rubles, 500 dollars/euro. There are five terms to choose from - from 3 months to 3 years.

Interest is calculated once a year and paid (at the client's choice) in the form of annuity or capitalized. There are no additional options in the form of income and expense transactions. Early termination almost always changes the rate to the “on demand” level.

Sberbank of Russia

The “Save Online” deposit has been the most profitable in the bank for several years. The account is opened remotely via the Internet, ATM or mobile phone. This adds 0.3-0.95 percentage points to the deposit compared to the regular office option without the “Online” prefix. Today the best conditions for savings are from RUB 2,000,000. (or from 20,000 dollars/euro) for a period of 6 months to 1 year (the accuracy to the day is chosen by the investor independently).

Income is accrued once a month, the client chooses annuity or capitalization in advance. There are no refills or partial expenses. But after six months, preferential interest rates begin to apply under conditions of early termination of the contract.

Oksana Lukyanets, expert of the Vkladvbanke.ru project

The economic stability of the country is determined by the financial policy implemented by state banks and the targeted mechanisms for the development of the national economy implemented by institutions.

State banks are guarantors of economic stability

State banks are financial institutions owned by the government. Control over the management of the activities of such organizations is carried out by government agencies.

Main types of state banks:

• central - a national banking institution that carries out regulatory, control, management, and refinancing functions;
• commercial, the controlling part of the assets of which belongs to the state.

The interaction of the National Bank and commercial state banks ensures the effective economic and financial development of the country through the use of credit and investment mechanisms.

Activities of state banks: tasks

The purpose of the functioning of state financial institutions is to stabilize the economic situation and develop the economy in accordance with national interests.

The activities of state banks are aimed at achieving the following goals:

• protection of national monetary measures, ensuring their stability;
• carrying out an effective credit and financial policy;
• development of the banking system;
• reduction of the budget deficit.

The instruments used by the National Bank are aimed at stabilizing the pace of development of economic indicators, curbing inflation, and maintaining the liquidity of state assets.

List of state banks

The banking system includes financial institutions with state participation. At the same time, the state owns only part of the stake.

The list of state-owned banks also contains credit and financial organizations, the state influences their policies indirectly through its own enterprises and holdings that own institutions.

State banks of the Russian Federation:

• National Bank;
• Sberbank;
• Rosselkhozbank;
• Gazprombank;
• Russian National Commercial Bank;
• Svyaz-Bank;
• Eurofinance Mosnarbank.

In an effort to reduce financial risks and increase assets, open deposits in state banking organizations.

State banks of Russia

The category of state banks in the Russian Federation necessarily includes banks founded by the state. A state bank can also be considered a commercial bank that was founded by private individuals and then purchased by the government. In such banks, the share of the state controlling stake is, as a rule, 50% of all shares + 1 share. Often the state buys commercial banks with a difficult situation, saving them in this way from complete ruin and revocation of their license. The government's purchase of a bank allows it to pay off its debts with an infusion of government cash and continue to conduct banking activities. The main state bank of the Russian Federation is Sberbank, founded in 1841 and for a long time existing as a system of savings banks.

Bank with state participation

A bank with state participation is a credit institution in the management of which the state takes part. In banks with state participation, the state plays a leading role in making significant economic decisions, ensuring compliance with state interests. In this way, the stability of the entire banking and economic system is guaranteed. The influence of the state on the activities of a credit institution may vary depending on the method of state participation. There are the following types of banks with state participation:

• banks with a blocking state stake;
• banks with a controlling state stake;
• fully state-owned banks (100% shares);
• banks indirectly controlled by the state;
• banks in which an authorized representative of the Central Bank of the Russian Federation is present.

Often banks with state participation are created in those sectors of the economy that are unprofitable or risky for private banking investments. Such industries include agriculture, the leading bank in which is a bank with state participation - Rosselkhozbank.

Rating of deposits in banks with state participation

Banks with state participation are considered the most reliable banks in the country. Therefore, many individuals prefer to keep their savings in this category of credit institutions. Interest rates, conditions for the duration of deposits and other parameters may vary, depending on the specific bank with state participation. In order to make the right choice, citizens often turn to deposit ratings, as well as to the ratings of the banks themselves. It should be noted that in many cases, favorable interest rates in state banks are provided only for multimillion-dollar investors. For more modest deposits, the interest will be practically no different from the interest offered in regular commercial banks.

State banks of Russia: list 2016

The largest and most stable state-owned banks in 2016 include banks with large financial assets. These banks occupy leading positions in the ratings of Russian banks and have high reliability. In 2016, banks with a similar reputation include the following largest banks:

• Sberbank of Russia;
• VTB Bank (for legal entities only);
• Gazprombank;
• VTB24 Bank (large banking network);
• Khanty-Mansiysk Bank;
• Bank of Moscow;
• All-Russian Regional Development Bank;
• Rosselkhozbank;
• National Clearing Center;
• AK BARS;
• Svyaz-Bank;
• Postbank.

The Central Bank and the State Bank: the relationship between concepts

The terms “central bank” and “state bank” should be distinguished from each other and not confuse these fundamentally different concepts, as often happens in the layman’s understanding. The Central Bank is a state bank that is completely (100%) owned by the state. Thus, the central bank can be called a state bank. But the reverse conclusion is not possible - not every bank that is a state bank has the functions of a central bank. The concept of “state bank” is interpreted as a bank in which a controlling stake belongs to the state. Based on this, a commercial bank is a bank whose controlling stake belongs to private investors.

State and non-state bank: main differences

Formally, a state credit institution can be distinguished from a non-state credit institution by the share of state participation, which is expressed as a percentage of shares. For clients, the difference between a state bank and a commercial bank will be expressed mainly in different interest rates. As a rule, interest rates on loans are lower from state-owned banks, as they have preferential working conditions and reliable support in the form of government assistance. Private commercial banks offer loans to customers at higher interest rates, as they are forced to cope with possible risks themselves.

The influence of state banks on the country's economy is twofold. On the one hand, state-owned banks, unlike commercial ones, are not interested in artificially inflating inflation and demand for money, so they help maintain stability and avoid crisis phenomena. On the other hand, according to recent studies, the level of public debt is lower in those countries where banks are mainly commercial and in private hands.

State banks of the Russian Empire

The central bank in pre-revolutionary Russia was the State Bank of the Russian Empire. The bank began operating under this name in 1860, after it was reorganized from the State Commercial Bank. The State Bank of the Russian Empire was a state-government bank and performed the functions of a central bank. In addition, the bank played a vital role in the economic sphere of the Russian Empire and was the conductor of the government’s state economic policy. The State Bank of the Russian Empire was the main credit institution of the country and issued medium- and long-term loans. It had a network of its branches and offices in which it provided credit services to industry and trade.

Increased state control in the banking sector has allowed clients to become more selective, and banks have changed the basic principles of their work, becoming more careful in choosing financial strategies. Checks and examinations confirmed the opinion of the majority of depositors about the instability and vulnerability of small banks, focusing their attention in the direction of government support.

You should know that the state is the owner of a significant part of the assets not only in large federal structures, but also in smaller banks that are regional and regional.

Based on the realities of the domestic financial sector, state support for a bank is a guarantor of stable operation and reliability during the existence of this state system, the replacement of which is not currently being considered.

If the degree of financial stability and solvency of a bank whose main investor is the state decreases, all necessary measures will be taken to improve the overall condition of the organization.

It is obvious that the inability of the state bank to service debts or cope with the social obligations assigned to it will primarily affect the prestige of the state itself and undermine confidence in it on the part of foreign partners and investors. It is necessary to understand that there is a certain division among state banks, based on such criteria as the degree of state participation in the authorized capital or the amount of administrative powers.

Even taking into account the lack of benefits when working with Russian banks, which consists in high interest rates on loans and low rates on deposits, state-owned banks are most preferable in terms of financial security and operational stability. The main state banks of the Russian Federation are VEB and the Central Bank, which do not have retail networks, but fully realize their operational potential.

When choosing a financial organization to work with credit products or deposits, ordinary citizens prefer large ones with a high share of government participation. The situation is this way due to frequent problems among small private companies. Troubled times, in economic terms, determine the main directions of development of the public financial sector.

The stability and security of state banks is due to the conservatism of their policies, which are dictated by state regulators who control the activities of banks in almost all areas. State banks are the main centers for the implementation of social programs and the introduction of social policies aimed at supporting certain categories of citizens.

Programs implemented by state banks allow the population to obtain affordable loans and use other banking products on preferential terms. In addition to the objective indicators noted by each rating agency, banks with state participation are trusted by the population. In general, trust in state-regulated banks is a recent trend that can be traced throughout the world.

Types of state banks

State-owned banks are classified according to several criteria, in particular by the state’s share in its capital. The main types include:

• Created at the request of a legislative act;
• Institutions with partial state participation;
• Organizations completely controlled by the state;
• With full state participation;
• With indirect participation of the state.

When considering the structure created at the request of a legislative act, one cannot talk about the state’s share in the capital, since such organizations represent a part of the state, being one of its bodies. The most famous structure of this type is the Central Bank of the Russian Federation.

An institution with partial state participation is a structure in which the majority of the authorized capital is in the hands of government authorities, and the remaining part of the securities is distributed among minority investors or is in the hands of a private structure.

A typical representative of this category is Sberbank, 52% of whose shares are owned by the state.

Troubled banks that are in a state of reorganization or are actively being audited are fully controlled by the state. Also, in the case of representatives of a temporary administration controlled by the government joining the governing apparatus, it changes its status.

Full state participation requires the presence of tradable assets of the structure. That is, the shares of such a bank are 99.99% owned by the state. In Russia, Rosselkhozbank can be used as an example. A state financial organization whose work is aimed at the social sphere and the agricultural sector - this status is better suited for this bank.

With indirect participation of the state, the emergence of codependencies is observed, as is the case with VTB and VTB 24, where the first organization belongs to the second, which in turn is 61% owned by the state.

List of state banks in Russia

If you want to choose the best state bank, you should refer to the list of such. They can be identified by the presence of Central Bank insurance.

Among the most famous representatives of their species:

Bank	Share of participation
By force of law
Bank of Russia (Central Bank of the Russian Federation)	86-FZ “On the Central Bank of the Russian Federation (Bank of Russia)”
Vnesheconombank (Bank for Development and Foreign Economic Affairs)	(activities are regulated by special law No. 82-FZ “On the Development Bank”)
Full participation
JSC "Rosselkhozbank"	100% of shares with voting rights (Rosimushchestvo)
RNKB Bank (Russian National Commercial Bank)	100% (Rosimushchestvo)
JSCB "ROSSIYSKY CAPITAL"	100% Housing Mortgage Lending Agency (AHML JSC)
Partial participation
JSC "MSP Bank"	100% Federal Corporation for the Development of Small and Medium Enterprises
JSC ROSEXIMBANK	100% Vnesheconombank
JSC "GLOBEXBANK"	99.99% from Vnesheconombank
PJSC JSCB "Svyaz-Bank"	99.7745% of shares held by Vnesheconombank
Joint Stock Company "All-Russian Regional Development Bank" (RRDB)	84.67% belongs to NK Rosneft
OIKB "Rus"	48.5972% Orenburg region 51.2747% Bank "ORENBURG" (99.73% Orenburg region)
VTB (PJSC)	60.93% of shares belong to the state (Rosimushchestvo)
AK BARS	64.222% Republic of Tatarstan
Sberbank	52.32% belongs to the Central Bank
JSCB "NOVIKOMBANK"	53.83613% Rostec 46.16387% Rosoboronexport
KBER "Bank of Kazan"	42.1724% City of Kazan
JSC Gazprombank	87.5955% - PJSC Gazprom, incl. affiliated companies 8.5341% - Vnesheconombank
Khakass Municipal Bank	33.362% Abakan
JSC "Ruskobank"	25% (+1 share) Leningrad region
Indirect participation
RNCO "Narat"	100% AK BARS
PJSC "Krayinvestbank"	99.99% - RNKB
State control
Bank FC Otkritie	99.99% Central Bank
Genbank	72.45% DIA 6.89% Republic of Crimea 6.89% city of Sevastopol
TRUST	99.99% Bank of Russia
Promsvyazbank	99.99% DIA
AvtoVAZbank	100% Bank of Russia
Growth Bank	99.99% Bank of Russia (Bank TRUST (PJSC) and JSC ROST BANK merged)
Also undergoing rehabilitation from the state: BINBANK, Asian-Pacific Bank, FONDSERVICEBANK.

Even though the list of institutions is incomplete, it becomes clear that the main market players in the banking sector are state-owned or closely associated with it. It is also obvious that any addiction group has its own unconditional leaders who receive more attention from clients.

Whatever policy the bank adheres to, its financial performance is more important. If the income of depositors and investors grows, then the administration has chosen the right path of development. All you need to determine the best one is: decide on your own goal and study the activities of the organization you like most. Everything else will be much easier.