Bank deposits of citizens in Russia are insured by the state. So that in the event of a bank bankruptcy (the Central Bank often revokes licenses from banks), depositors are not left with nothing, there is a deposit insurance system. It works as follows: all banking organizations contribute a certain amount to a specialized agency, which, through these insurance premiums, compensates depositors of bankrupt credit organizations for their savings. What amount of bank deposit is insured by the state in 2018: the maximum amount of deposit compensated by the state within the insurance system.

Photo: pixabay.com

What amount of deposits are insured by the state in 2018?

Until 2015, the maximum amount of an insured deposit was 700,000 rubles. 3 years ago it was doubled. Since then everything has remained the same. The maximum size of a bank deposit insured by the state in 2018 is 1.4 million rubles.

Deposit insurance in Russia has some important nuances that should not be forgotten.

First of all, deposits are insured only when the bank interacts with the DIA - Deposit Insurance Agency. It manages the insurance premiums paid by banks in the event of bankruptcy - its own or competitors.

The legislation also provides for a certain controversial issue. Both the deposit as such and the interest accrued during the time the deposit was placed in the bank are insured.

In principle, this is fair - the client of a bankrupt bank receives a 100% refund, without at the same time losing on the capitalization of the deposit. The problem is that, to a certain extent, this legislation encourages unscrupulous banks.

What is the disadvantage of this norm? One of the clear signs of a bank having problems is the promise of increased interest on deposits. This is how the bank attracts new clients who bring it money. It is possible that the bank is in dire need of this money, since it has begun to work like a kind of pyramid, paying off its own debts through new contributions.

Sooner or later (certainly sooner) such a pyramid will burst. What is important is that financially literate depositors are well aware of this, and nevertheless, they bring money to the bank, because they know that the state will compensate both the deposit and the favorable interest on it.

It is clear that the Central Bank immediately looks at banks offering suspiciously high interest rates on deposits. But there is some gap in the legislation.

Photo: pixabay.com

How are bank deposits insured in 2018 if one person has several of them?

Everything will depend on whether you have 2 or more deposits open in one bank, or whether you keep your own funds in a number of banks.

If a person has deposits in several banks, then it’s simple here - each of them is individually insured for 1.4 million rubles. For this reason, you can deposit several millions in several banks. Even if 2 or 3 banks go bankrupt, funds from each account will be returned as part of the insurance program.

But if a person has several deposits totaling more than 1.4 million rubles in one bank, in fact it is the same as if it were 1 deposit for such a significant amount.

In these situations, the right to compensation will remain, but the manner of compensation will be different.

For amounts over 1.4 million, a separate application will need to be submitted, and after that the person will be in line. It will be a long wait for compensation - the Deposit Insurance Agency is selling the property of a bankrupt bank to compensate for payments to priority creditors. Only after this, if anything remains from the proceeds, will additional compensation be paid.

Naturally, in practice in such a case it will be possible to get something either not soon or never.

Photo: pixabay.com

What to do if the bank goes bankrupt

If your bank has been declared bankrupt, there is no need to panic. Within 2 weeks after the declaration of bankruptcy, temporary management will be installed in the bank. Payments to clients will be made by the agent bank; it will be determined by the DIA. You can see which bank it is and where you will need to go on the portal of the Deposit Insurance Agency or on the portal of the bankrupt bank.

To receive a refund, you will need to appear and submit an application. For this purpose, as a rule, it is enough to come to a bank branch with a passport and an agreement to open a deposit.

If he talks about those who took out a loan from a bank that went bankrupt, then if there is a deposit in this bank, as a rule, the size of the loan is reduced by the size of this deposit. Also keep in mind that you should not make a mandatory payment without providing updated details. Funds may disappear, and then they will have to be found and returned. It is better to wait until the updated details appear or ask the bank what needs to be done.

More than three hundred Russian banks are currently in the process of liquidation - such data was published in November. Almost each of these credit institutions attracted deposits from individuals and individual entrepreneurs. The deposit insurance system that has existed in the Russian Federation since 2004 made it possible to return a total of 1.7 trillion rubles to depositors. This state program not only provides protection against possible loss of funds, but also significantly increases the population’s confidence in banking structures and the savings institution as a whole. What is the deposit insurance system (DIS) and how is it organized?

The deposit insurance system in the Russian Federation is based on the fact that the state, in the event of a bank’s bankruptcy or revocation of its license, guarantees a quick return to individual clients and individual entrepreneurs of deposit amounts of up to 1.4 million rubles. According to the Association of Russian Banks, in the first half of 2017, the average deposit of a resident of the country was 163.1 thousand rubles, the share of deposits less than 1.4 million rubles is approaching 60%. Consequently, most of the population’s savings fall under the parameters of the deposit insurance system (DIS).

How relevant the CER is can be judged by the fact that during its validity more than 3.6 million depositors took advantage of the opportunity to receive compensation. In total, during this period, the Central Bank of the Russian Federation revoked the licenses of over 400 banks (the full list can be viewed here: https://www.asv.org.ru/insurance/insurance_cases/). In 2017, 45 credit institutions ceased operations, including members of the TOP-30 Russian banks (for example, Yugra).

The maximum amount of compensation for deposits in closed banks has increased 14 times since the beginning of the program. From 2004 to 2008 it was 100 thousand rubles, then increased to 700 thousand. Since the end of 2014, this figure has been at the level of 1.4 million rubles.

History of changes in the amount of insurance compensation:

• from January 2004 to August 9, 2006 - 100 thousand rubles;
• from August 10, 2006 to March 25, 2007 - 190 thousand rubles;
• from March 26, 2007 to October 1, 2008 - 400 thousand rubles;
• from October 2, 2008 to December 28, 2014 - 700 thousand rubles;
• from December 29, 2014 to the present - 1.4 million rubles.

Life story

I “got in” back in the early 2010s with the Holding-Credit bank, where I kept a decent amount. It simply evaporated, and the depositor base was restored literally piece by piece, from individual surviving files. Fortunately, I was included in one of the files, and the procedure went without a hitch. 4 days after the announcement of the start of payments, I came to the Sberbank branch near Gorbushka and turned to the first employee I came across. He invited a special manager, who took me to a special window, where I signed an application and almost immediately received the deposit itself (fortunately it was 370 thousand, less than the maximum) and interest. Finally they said: “THEY don’t owe you anything anymore.”.

Deposit Insurance Agency (DIA): what is it and why was it created?

The Deposit Insurance Agency (DIA) is a state organization created within the framework of the law “On insurance of deposits of individuals in banks of the Russian Federation”. The DIA's tasks include monitoring banks' contributions to a special fund from which payments are made to depositors affected by bankruptcy or revocation of a bank's license.

Since the deposit insurance system is a special state program, a corporation with 100% state participation was created in 2004 to implement it. The Deposit Insurance Agency (DIA) acts as a liquidator and bankruptcy manager of banks with revoked licenses, and most importantly, manages the compulsory deposit insurance fund, from which compensation is paid to depositors.

The volume of the fund as of October 1, 2017 was about 40 billion rubles. However, this figure in itself doesn’t say much: the process of returning deposits from closed banks occurs constantly; this year alone, the DIA attracted over 600 billion rubles as loans from. The repayment of these loans occurs due to the influx of contributions into the fund from Russian banks within the framework of the deposit insurance system.

The Agency invests available funds primarily in government securities and deposits of the Central Bank of the Russian Federation; investing insurance fund money in bank shares is prohibited by law.

The Board of Directors of the DIA is headed by the Minister of Finance of the Russian Federation; this body includes six other members of the country's government, as well as five representatives of the Central Bank, which emphasizes the official status of the Agency and its reliability, ensured by public funds.

The safety of the deposit in the event of a bank collapse is guaranteed by Federal Law No. 177-FZ “On the insurance of deposits of individuals in banks of the Russian Federation.”

Currently, the insurance system covers two categories of depositors: individuals and individual entrepreneurs.

The CER scheme is very similar to the algorithm of any compulsory insurance, only the role of insurers here is not citizens, but banks. Credit institutions pay a share of the funds raised to the Deposit Insurance Agency. From this money, the DIA forms an insurance fund, which is then spent on compensation to depositors of banks with a revoked license.

Current rates of bank contributions to the deposit insurance system

To become a participant in the CCT, the depositor does not need to enter into a separate agreement - insurance of the deposit occurs automatically when it is opened.

There are only two insurance cases in which the DIA compensates the deposit:

1 Revocation or cancellation of a bank license by the Central Bank. Occurs if signs of insolvency (impending bankruptcy) or violation of the requirements of the Central Bank of the Russian Federation are detected. Voluntary liquidation of a bank by its owners is not covered by the deposit insurance system - simply because the owners of the bank can make a decision to close only after full settlement with all creditors, including depositors.

If the owners decide to simply lock the office doors and go abroad, the bank will be liquidated by decision of the Central Bank - with the revocation of the license and compensation to customers within the framework of the deposit insurance system.

2 Moratorium. Prohibition of satisfying the claims of bank creditors (imposed by the Bank of Russia). A moratorium is introduced when the bank itself commits a delay to its creditors due to a lack of funds in its accounts.

Example: banks, in order to issue loans to individuals, themselves borrow money at a lower interest rate from other banks and organizations.

The essence of this measure is that the Central Bank suspends for 3 months any bank payments (payments on deposits, writs of execution, fines, penalties, etc.) except for current expenses (staff salaries, social benefits, utility and other business payments).

During this period, the Central Bank checks the work of the credit institution and decides whether to revoke its license. Two weeks after the introduction of the moratorium and before its end, you can contact the DIA with an application for compensation of the deposit. In the entire history of the Agency, a moratorium was introduced only twice: at Vneshprombank and Nota Bank in 2015.

Central Bank of the Russian Federation

If a bank’s license is revoked, the depositor can get back the invested amount (no more than 1.4 million rubles) without waiting for the credit institution’s procedure. The first payments are made 14 days after the announcement of the revocation of the license (if the register of depositors is in order and submitted to the DIA on time).

The deposit insurance agency works, as a rule, through agent banks; there are sixty-two of them in the DIA register. These are leading banks with state participation (for example, payments to clients of Yugra Bank were carried out by VTB24), as well as large private credit organizations (Alfa Bank, B&N Bank and others).

This was done to improve accessibility: agent bank branches, as a rule, are located in all major cities; it is easier for depositors to go there rather than send documents by mail to the DIA.

The legislation does not provide for any priority when paying compensation: two weeks after the license is revoked, any depositor (both an individual and an individual entrepreneur) can contact the agent bank - the main thing is that information about him is in the register of depositors of the bank whose license was revoked . More details about cases when information about the investor is not in the register and what to do in such situations are discussed at the end of this article.

The procedure for returning a deposit is simplified as much as possible: the depositor contacts the agent bank with a minimum number of documents. If everything is in order, the individual is transferred to the account specified by him or given in cash at the bank’s cash desk. For an individual entrepreneur, the returned funds are transferred to an account in any bank (it is most profitable to open an account with an agent bank - you do not have to pay a commission).

The revocation of a license, after which the bank ceases to operate, must be distinguished from reorganization (financial recovery). In the second case, a temporary administration is introduced in the bank, the owner may change and there will be a stir in the media, but nothing changes for the depositor - work with deposits proceeds as usual, the money can be withdrawn in full if desired. Typically, rehabilitation is used in two cases:

• The bank is important for the state of the country's economy, and its closure may lead to negative macroeconomic consequences;
• The deterioration in liquidity is temporary and is associated with panic among depositors, and not with a real financial “hole” in the bank’s capital.

In 2017, the Central Bank sanitized two credit organizations from the TOP-10 - Otkritie banks and B&N Bank.

Which banks are included in the deposit insurance system?

According to the DIA as of November 13, 2017, the deposit insurance system includes 476 operating Russian banks, which contain over 24 trillion rubles of deposits of individuals and individual entrepreneurs.

The law obliges all credit institutions that accept deposits from the public to participate in the CER. To have the right to display the “Deposits are insured” banner on their website, banks must meet several requirements:

• Reliable reporting (according to the standards of the Central Bank), errors and inaccuracies should not affect the assessment of the financial stability of the organization;
• Compliance with Central Bank standards on reserves, capital, etc.;
• The financial stability of the bank was recognized by the Central Bank as sufficient (primarily in terms of liquidity, quality of risk management and other similar parameters);
• Timely provision of information about persons under whose control the bank is located.
• Timely correction of identified violations.

Not all banks meet these requirements. 4 credit institutions are now deprived of the right to attract funds from the public. Thus, the Central Bank points out to banks the problems with accounting for deposits and the suspicion of maintaining “notebook” accounts, when money is taken from depositors, but not recorded according to documents.

After the prohibition of attracting new deposits, the Central Bank of the Russian Federation begins checking for the presence of off-balance sheet accounts - for example, about 800 depositors were identified at Miko-Bank, whose money (828 million rubles) did not pass through the bank’s balance sheet and was lost in an unknown direction. As a rule, restrictions on accepting deposits result in the revocation of the license.

There are several ways to check whether your bank is a member of the CER. The easiest thing is to look on the website of the Deposit Insurance Agency (section “Participating Banks”, sorted alphabetically: https://www.asv.org.ru/insurance/banks_list/). You can also clarify the information you are interested in by calling the toll-free hotline : 8 800 200-08-05.

A special sign developed by the DIA is posted on the Internet resources of banks included in the deposit insurance system. This sign is also placed on glass at cash desks and at bank tellers.

How to return a deposit if the bank’s license has been revoked

Only the Central Bank terminates the activities of a credit institution. The reimbursement process starts immediately after the bank's license is revoked.

Within a week from the date of receipt of the register of debt to depositors, the Deposit Insurance Agency sends a message to the “Bulletin of the Bank of Russia” and the official city newspaper at the location of the bank.

The text indicates the place, time, form and procedure for accepting applications for payment of compensation for deposits. Similar information is posted on the websites of the Agency and the bank itself. Then, within 30 days, the same messages are sent to depositors by mail.

Most often, depositors learn about the revocation of their bank’s license from the media; this is usually always talked about in the news on central channels, written on major news sites and portals, such as Yandex, Mail, etc.

Finally, if you go to the bank and their office is suspiciously closed in the middle of the working day, here is what you should do:

1 Go to the DIA website and then either call the hotline 8 800 200-08-05, or enter the name of your bank in the search bar. If it turns out that the bank’s license has been revoked, then find out which bank has been appointed as the DIA agent for compensation payments. This data is posted on the Deposit Insurance Agency website, or you can ask a hotline specialist.

2 14 days after the announcement of the revocation of the bank’s license (its date is indicated on the Agency’s website), the depositor, his representative or heir writes an application in the DIA form. The form can be downloaded on the Agency’s website (https://www.asv.org.ru/insurance/, section “Document Forms”) or filled out at the agent bank. There is no need to rush, but you need to be in time before the end of the bank bankruptcy procedure (this date will be announced on the websites of the DIA and the closed credit institution). If the investor or his heir “blundered”, the term can be restored by proving that the applicant was prevented by force majeure circumstances, military service or serious illness.

3 Documents are attached to the application. A passport is enough for the investor; the representative also brings a notarized power of attorney. If the depositor is a minor, parents or guardians provide his birth certificate. Adoptive parents are required to have an adoption document, and guardians, respectively, are required to establish guardianship. If it is not possible to submit documents in person to the agent bank, they can be sent by registered mail with notification.

4 By law, the agent bank must consider the depositor’s application no later than the end of the next business day (if the register of depositors has already been received by the bank from the DIA). If the amount of compensation is small, immediately after receiving the application it is paid through the cashier (the limit depends on the rules of the agent bank - in some cases they can pay a million, but most often the amount is limited to one or two hundred thousand rubles). Otherwise, the depositor will be asked to come the next day, the required amount will be prepared. If in the application the depositor wishes to receive money by bank transfer, the agent bank is given three working days to do this.

5 Along with the money, the client is given a certificate stating how much has been paid/transferred. This document is especially important if your deposit exceeds 1.4 million, and you plan to make claims against the deprived bank in the future.

If compensation for the deposit for some reason (not related to the refusal to the client) is not paid on time, the depositor has the right to go to court. You can request the following:

• penalty;
• compensation for moral damage;
• payment of interest for the use of other people's money from the first day of delay.

Life story

I had a deposit of 200 thousand rubles in the ever-memorable Bank-T. I knew that the bank was terrible, but it offered interest rates that were irresistible (about 12.5%, very steep even at that time). Time passed, I withdrew the interest onto my card. And then I saw in Yandex that the bank’s license had been revoked. I went to the DIA website - in the first line of the news there was a message about the time frame within which an agent bank would be appointed. I waited a few days, went to the site again - Sberbank was chosen as the agent bank. Deposits were not paid out everywhere; the list of branches was also posted on the DIA website. In the branch that was closest to me, the return of deposits was handled by the department that served Sber VIP clients. But there was a line there too—not of scandalous grannies, but there was a line. The first time I came just to ask. They said that you don’t need anything other than a passport. It is used to check the status of accounts. They immediately found me in the register, signed a statement drawn up by the manager - and that’s it, I can go to the cashier. I didn’t go to the cashier, because I had an account with Sberbank, and asked to transfer money to it. The translation arrived instantly. What was a pleasant surprise was that they even reimbursed the interest for the last month of service. Bank-T paid interest on the last day of the month, but it did not finish until November 30th. I thought that I would not receive anything for November, or at most at the “on demand” rate, but they paid at the usual rate - another 1,700 rubles and a few kopecks, plus the body of the deposit.

DIA office in Moscow at the address: Vysotskogo Street, 4

FAQ

Are all types of bank deposits insured?

No, not all. The law establishes a clear list of deposits for which the state guarantees compensation:

• on demand and urgent;
• on salary, pension and scholarship bank accounts;
• on individual entrepreneur accounts (in banks deprived of their license after January 1, 2014).
• on accounts owned by guardians and trustees, but opened for minors or incompetent persons (in banks whose license was revoked after December 23, 2014).
• on special accounts (escrow) opened by individuals for settlements on real estate transactions (in banks that remained without a license after April 2, 2015).

Here are some banking products that are not included in the deposit insurance system:

• Funds on deposits of lawyers, notaries, etc., if these accounts are opened for professional activities.
• Deposits of individuals are payable to bearer.
• Funds transferred by individuals to banks for trust management.
• Deposits opened in branches of Russian banks outside the Russian Federation (the CER does not apply to foreign countries).
• Deposits in electronic money.
• Funds in nominal and escrow accounts (other than those mentioned above).
• Funds in unallocated metal accounts.

Is interest on deposit insured?

Yes, they are insured, but only if they were added to the principal amount of the deposit before the start of the bankruptcy procedure. Let's look at some examples for better understanding:

Example #1

You placed 100,000 rubles on a deposit for a period of one year and accrual of interest at the end of the term. Let’s assume that six months after the conclusion of the agreement, the bank’s license was revoked. Since your money did not stay on deposit for a year, it means that interest was not accrued to you, which means it is not subject to insurance.

Example #2

You placed the same 100,000 rubles on the deposit, for a period of one year and interest accrued at the end of each month. Six months later, the bank’s license was revoked. In this case, you will receive your deposit + interest for six months, since they were accrued and due to the deposit amount every month.

Are debit card accounts included in the deposit insurance system?

Deposit insurance applies to debit card accounts; the compensation procedure for them is the same as for other types of deposits. The exception is prepaid bank cards. Money on them is not insured.

Life story

At one time I had a Svyaznoybank plastic card, I kept it for myself, and on it was a “rainy day” amount of 15 thousand rubles. One day, right before the New Year, I heard on the radio that the bank had closed a month ago. At first I decided that the “stash” was gone forever, but still I went online to look for clues. On the bank's website there was an instruction to apply for payments to Sberbank - with a passport. Knowing our bureaucracy, I took with me all the documents - the original and copies of the agreement with the bank and much more. And at the same time, the account number of another card to transfer money there if everything goes well. The Sberbank branch that I needed to contact was on the other side of the city, but I went there in good faith, thinking that the nearest office was unlikely to help me. They accepted me within 10 minutes. The employee took the passport and filled out the application herself. I signed. The employee herself went to the cashier with the check and brought me my 15 thousand. The whole thing took exactly 20 minutes.

When can payment be refused?

There are only three reasons why you will not be reimbursed for your deposit:

• The register does not contain information about you as a depositor.
• You provided incorrectly completed documents or did not provide any paper.
• The agent bank did not receive the register of depositors from the DIA.

The agent bank is obliged to provide you with a written explanation of the refusal to pay insurance compensation.

Life story

We spent a long time choosing a bank to place money there, which we planned to later spend on buying an apartment, but for now earn money on interest. Deposit insurance was one of the main conditions. We live in Samara, and it seemed most convenient to open a deposit in the Volga-Kama Bank. From time to time they came, topped up, took statements - everything was as usual. And then there was a rumor that the bank was in trouble. We just had to make a contribution to buy an apartment, we got alarmed and ran to the bank. There was a kilometer-long line, of course, they didn’t see the money, but they almost forcibly knocked out a bank statement with account balances with a bank mark. And they calmed down. We waited for the “letter of happiness” from the DIA - and fell into shock. We are not on the registry! But we have an extract! We wrote a counter statement to the Agency, attached a copy, and are waiting for a decision. A reply came from the DIA: you are not on the register. They didn’t even look at the extract! If it weren’t for the State Duma deputy and the prosecutor’s office, we wouldn’t have gotten anything. As a result, they were paid only after 6 months.

What to do if you are not on the register of investors?

The reason for such an unpleasant situation may be the negligence of bank employees (documents on some of the depositors are lost or destroyed, employees are fired, there is nowhere to look for ends) or the so-called “off-balance sheet deposits” - when money was taken from depositors, but not carried out according to the documents, giving clients fake pieces of paper. As a result, you have an agreement in your hands, but there is no information in the bank that you made a deposit. Accordingly, when you contact the agent bank for compensation, you will receive a refusal. This was experienced, for example, by depositors of Crossinvestbank, Miko-Bank, and Stella Bank, where the number of “notebook” deposits was close to 100%.

The DIA sees two solutions to this issue. Sometimes the Agency recommends that depositors immediately go to court to demand reinstatement in the register. A claim against a bank whose license has been revoked must be filed only after receiving a refusal from the DIA. Much depends on the quality of the statement of claim; it should not be template.

Please note: for the court, you are not a depositor who has suffered from fraud, but a person who is going to prove that he had a deposit in this bank. This means that the more convincing your evidence is - in the form of original documents, witness statements, and so on - the greater the chances.

If the client is in the register, but the deposit amount does not correspond to the real one, the DIA asks, along with a statement of disagreement with the payment amount, to provide the original documents for the deposit (agreement, orders, etc.) directly to the Agency (for example, send by mail). The review may take up to two months. The disadvantage of this scheme is the need to part with the original documents. This means that you will no longer be able to go to court.

What should I do if I do not agree with the refund amount?

There are two options.

1. Submit documents to the DIA to support your requirements. The agency will forward these papers to the bank. There, within 10 days from the date of receipt, they must consider your arguments and either make changes to the register of investors or refuse.
2. File a claim to establish the amount of payments in court.

Life story

I had to deal with the DIA twice. The first time when Investtrustbank’s license was revoked, everything went well, the money was quickly returned. And for the second time we had to protest the operating procedure of the deposit insurance system. We transferred more than a million rubles to Yugra Bank in the summer of 2017 - just at the moment its license was revoked. It turned out that part of the money was gone before the announcement of the insured event, and the second part (large) – right on the day of this announcement. Despite the fact that clause 5 of Article 11 of the Law “On Insurance of Individuals’ Deposits in Banks of the Russian Federation” states that the amount of compensation for deposits is calculated based on the balance of funds on the deposit at the end of the day the insured event occurs, the DIA takes the beginning of this as the cutoff day. And, accordingly, he does not want to return part of the money. We wrote a statement of disagreement with the payment, 10 days are running out, we will have to go to court.

I have three deposits in one bank for a total of 3 million rubles, but each of the deposits is less than 1.4 million. Will I get my full amount back if the bank goes bankrupt?

According to the law on deposit insurance, if you have several deposits in one bank, they will reimburse everything - but the total amount cannot exceed the same 1,400,000 rubles; the rest can be tried to be recovered directly from the bank whose license has been revoked. But deposits in several banks simultaneously deprived of licenses will be reimbursed 1.4 million for each closed institution.

Conclusion

Let's repeat the most important thoughts on deposit insurance:

• The deposit insurance system applies only to individuals and individual entrepreneurs. In this case, the money of legal entities is not insured.
• The DIA only insures bank deposits. If you see an advertisement for any financial instrument (forex, stocks, pamm accounts, mutual funds, etc.) that says that the funds you deposit are insured, then know that you are being deceived. This is a marketing trick that is often used to cover up financial pyramids and HYIPs.
• Debit cards are subject to insurance, which means you can safely open cards with interest accrued on the balance.
• Choose a bank where deposits are insured by the DIA.
• Do not place more than 1.4 million rubles. in one bank per individual.
• If you need to place an amount greater than 1.4 million rubles, then break the amount into parts, no more than 1.4 million rubles. and keep them in different banks, or open deposits for your relatives if the bank offers good rates.
• If you are making a deposit, always ask for supporting documents from the bank, especially for deposits opened via the Internet. Keep all documents related to your deposit - agreement, checks for depositing money, etc., in case your data is suddenly not in the register.

Video for dessert: Creative street clocks in Tokyo

The banking crisis makes investors worried about the safety of their money. Many people have a question about how the law on deposit insurance works, whether there is a high probability that the money will be returned if the bank experiences force majeure circumstances. Insurance of deposits of individuals is provided by the state, however, the bank where an individual has a deposit must be a participant in the system for guaranteeing the return of finances to individuals in legal relations. To quickly return your money, you need to know the nuances of the deposit insurance system.

What is deposit insurance

To avoid panic among the population associated with disruptions in the work of financial and credit organizations and the cessation of their activities, the state introduced insurance of deposits in banks, that is, guaranteed amounts of compensation that are paid to the depositor. World practice shows that state insurance of deposits of individuals is a reliable and effective mechanism that reduces the socio-economic consequences of the crisis in the banking sector.

The mechanism is needed to build the trust of individuals in banks, encouraging them to invest in “long-term” deposits designed for more than one year. However, since the Central Bank of Russia (CBR) prefers not to close banking structures, but to carry out a health-improving set of measures to correct the crisis situation, in which individuals always have access to their finances, the insurance system is less relevant than 3-5 years ago.

How does the deposit insurance system for individuals work?

The agreement on attracting savings must state that the bank participates in a program to protect the savings of the population implemented by the state. This gives individuals confidence that in the event of force majeure circumstances, when the financial structure cannot fulfill its obligations to depositors, the latter are guaranteed to receive their money from the Agency that provides deposit insurance. The Agency’s operating mechanism is based on Russian legislation, which details the rights of depositors to receive compensation.

Regulatory framework

Compensation for insurance amounts is carried out in accordance with Federal Law No. 177 of December 23, 2003 “On the insurance of deposits of individuals in banks of the Russian Federation,” which determines the norms, rules, and amount of obligations for which insurance of deposits of individuals is carried out. According to this legal act, any physical entity of legal relations with the bank can submit a petition to the authorized body for reimbursement of funds that the bank is unable to pay for its obligations.

The state guarantees citizens a refund under the following conditions:

• The financial and credit organization is included in the register of banks participating in the program for compensation of funds on deposits. According to the law, when concluding an agreement to attract finance, any banking structure must inform an individual about its presence in the register.
• The contract for attracting financial resources is valid on conditions that fall within the definition of an insured event.

Deposit Insurance Agency

The State Corporation Deposit Insurance Agency is the regulator of the relationship between a financial organization and individuals. The agency operates based on 177-FZ, and the amount of funds that can be used to compensate individuals is more than 85 billion rubles. The Agency receives this property from bank transfers (any financial structure to obtain a license from the Central Bank must transfer a certain percentage to the compulsory deposit insurance fund), or from investments.

The agency is actively working on procedures related to the bankruptcy of banking institutions, carrying out rehabilitation measures for their rehabilitation, and providing support to voluntary investors. The Board of Directors of this state corporation includes representatives of the Central Bank and senior government officials, which provides the maximum guarantee of return of money according to the requirements of depositors.

Banks included in the state deposit insurance system

On the DIA website you can see that the following financial structures are in the register of participants:

• Sberbank of the Russian Federation;
• VTB 24;
• Alpha Group;
• Promsvyazbank;
• Raiffeisenbank;
• Bank Rosgosstrah;
• Renaissance Credit;
• Rosselkhozbank;
• Russian standard.

According to the DIA, the register includes more than 850 financial organizations. If a private depositor, when concluding a bank deposit agreement, is not presented with official data that the financial institution insures deposits of individuals, then he is faced with fraudsters. Any bank must necessarily participate in the program for compensating deposits to individuals.

Insurance of bank deposits - features of the procedure

According to 177-FZ, any funds deposited by an individual subject of legal relations to a bank, with the opening of a bank account, to acquire benefits in the form of interest payments, as well as interest that accrues during the use of this money by a financial institution, are considered insured. Such deposits include both ruble and foreign currency savings of individuals. The maximum amount of deposit insurance, according to the amendment dated December 19, 2014, is set at 1.4 million rubles. The following types of financial assets are considered insured and are subject to return:

• sent to various deposits, time and on demand, in rubles and foreign currency;
• placed on accounts providing for the payment of salaries, benefits, pensions to physical subjects of legal relations;
• intended for the needs of private entrepreneurs;
• placed on the accounts of guardians and trustees for the transfer of funds to their wards;
• available in escrow-type accounts, which are intended for transactions of individuals for the purchase and sale of real estate;
• located on debit physical plastic media issued by this financial institution.

What funds of individuals are not subject to compulsory insurance?

You should be aware that the legislation provides for exceptions under which certain types of amounts of money stored by objects of legal relationships in banks are not subject to compensation, and insurance of deposits of individuals does not apply to them. These include:

• Amounts in the accounts of citizens providing legal assistance to private individuals (lawyers, notaries), if this money is spent on work needs.
• Bank deposits issued to bearer.
• Finances that an individual transfers to a bank for investment under trust management.
• Money held in foreign branches of Russian banks.
• Funds for the transfer of which a debit account cannot be opened (electronic payments).
• Additional amounts of money in nominal metal impersonal accounts.

Insurance cases

According to the law, insurance of individual savings is carried out in the following cases:

• If the Central Bank revokes the license issued by it from the bank. The register participant is subject to the introduction of external management and no longer has the right to carry out its work with individuals and legal entities, manage finances, and fulfill its obligations to clients.
• When the Central Bank introduces a moratorium on creditor claims. This situation arises during bankruptcy proceedings of a credit institution for the purpose of debt restructuring. Monitors the implementation of the DIA moratorium; this state can last 12 months, after which a decision is made either to terminate it or to extend it for six months.

Revocation of CBR license

The main bank withdraws the license issued by it to carry out banking activities from the financial organization under the following circumstances:

• if the bank exceeds its authority and carries out risky operations to issue large non-performing loans;
• reduction of the authorized capital below the amount stated in the constituent documents;
• if the financial structure purposefully and constantly does not comply with the requirements of the Central Bank of the Russian Federation;
• if it is impossible to satisfy the claims of creditors and claims of clients regarding the bank’s obligations;
• when identifying fraudulent money laundering schemes or providing incorrect reporting data;
• failure to comply with court decisions;
• critical reduction in cash balances below 2%.

The day after the license is revoked, the Central Bank introduces external management to put the financial structure in order and its subsequent liquidation. Individuals may apply for reimbursement of funds deposited with a given banking organization 2 weeks after recording the occurrence of this insured event, provided that their funds were insured.

Introduction of a moratorium by the Central Bank on satisfying the claims of bank creditors

This measure is temporary in relation to a financial institution and is established to streamline its functioning. The moratorium gives individuals the right to receive not only the invested amount, but also interest on it upon the occurrence of an insured event. Interest compensation occurs separately; they are calculated based on 2/3 of the key rate of the Central Bank of the Russian Federation.

You need to contact the agency involved in payments 2 weeks after the moratorium begins, but no later than 2 weeks before it ends. If the investor has not applied to the DIA for good reasons within the specified time frame, then the money can be issued to him on an individual basis upon presentation of the necessary documents. When the moratorium ends, there are two options:

• the bank's license is revoked and it ceases to exist;
• The sanitary measures taken have a positive effect on the financial condition of the organization, and it continues to operate as before.

Insurance compensation for deposits

According to the law on deposit insurance for an individual participant in legal relations, when applying to the DIA, 100% of the insurance is paid on the deposit. If a private individual had several deposits in a given organization, then the amount of contributions is recalculated in proportion to each deposit. However, you should know that the insurance law provides for a maximum amount of compensation of 1.4 million rubles, and if the amount for all deposits collectively exceeds this figure, then compensation for the difference in contributions is determined in court according to the list of 1st priority creditors.

Compensation for escrow accounts is made in 100% volume, if it does not exceed the amount of 10 million rubles. Payments for this insured event are made by the Agency in a separate manner, after reviewing all documents for opening this account. Money can be received directly at the DIA branch, through agent banks appointed by the fund, or by mail.

Payment amount

The legislation establishing the rules for insurance of individuals separately stipulates the situation in which the owner of the deposit simultaneously had a deposit in a banking organization and took out a loan there, which, by the time the insured event occurred, was not fully repaid. The amount of compensation will be calculated as the difference between the debit and credit account, taking into account all amounts of obligations of the debtor and creditor. Insurance premiums are paid on an individual basis.

Reimbursement currency

Compensation for deposits is made in rubles, therefore, for all deposits in foreign currency, recalculation is carried out according to the Central Bank exchange rate for a given currency at the time of the insured event. If the deposit is placed in foreign currency, then interest on foreign currency deposits is calculated based on data from the Central Bank on average interest rates for this type of bank deposit product.

If a moratorium has been introduced, and you do not want to receive compensation in rubles for a foreign currency deposit, then you can be patient and wait for the end of the sanitary measures. The financial institution will begin operating as before and will satisfy claims on deposits in proportion to deposit agreements. However, in such a situation, there is a possibility that the depositor will not receive the amount paid at all if the bank ceases to exist after the end of the moratorium.

How to receive insurance payments on deposits

In order not to suffer as a result of the bankruptcy of a banking institution and to return funds, the following steps should be taken:

• Check the list of insured funds established by law and find out whether your savings are included in them.
• On the DIA website, make sure that this bank is a participant in the DIA;
• From the media, bank notifications, messages to depositors, find out which agent bank was appointed by the DIA to make payments.
• Choose the most convenient way to receive compensation payment - cash, non-cash transfer, postal transfer.
• Write an application for insurance payment to the agent bank and come there in person with the required documents.
• Within 3 working days, receive the required amount using the specified method.
• If the amount of the deposit exceeds the maximum insurance payment rate, then to compensate for the difference that insurance does not cover, go to court along with other creditors of the bank.

Documents for submission to the DIA

Compensation is paid by the DIA upon presentation of the following documents:

• Applications from the investor in the prescribed form. If you choose to receive money by mail, the application will have to be certified by a notary.
• Passport or other identification document, about which there is data in the general register of clients of the banking organization.
• When applying not to the depositor himself, but to his representative, a power of attorney certified by a notary is required for the right to demand payments.
• If the individual who entered into the agreement on its opening, and the investor’s heir, applies for payment of compensation, then it is required to submit documents evidencing his right to inheritance.

Video

Found an error in the text? Select it, press Ctrl + Enter and we will fix everything!

What is the list of banks included in the deposit insurance system? What are the features of deposit insurance for individuals and legal entities? What does a deposit insurance agency do?

Good day, dear readers! Welcome to Denis Kuderin, insurance expert.

We continue the series of articles devoted to insurance protection of property, finances and health of citizens. The topic of this article is deposit insurance.

The material will be interesting and useful to everyone who stores money in banks or is just about to open a deposit. Investment security is the most important condition for financial well-being.

So, let's begin!

1. What is deposit insurance?

Bank deposits are the most popular and popular way of saving money in Russia and the CIS countries. Deposits protect money from inflation and theft and even allow you to make a small profit.

With the development of banking, the process of managing financial assets has become simpler and more convenient: salaries and pensions are transferred to personal accounts, and Internet technologies allow you to operate with money without leaving your home.

To increase citizens' confidence in financial institutions and encourage them to open new accounts, the state developed and introduced a private deposit insurance system.

The purpose of this system is to guarantee the return of funds in the event of an insured event, that is, in the event of a bank failure or the revocation of a company’s license to conduct financial transactions.

In Russia, all individuals and individual entrepreneurs are subject to the law on deposit insurance. According to this regulation, banks are allowed to open private deposits only if the company participates in a mandatory insurance program.

For ordinary citizens, this guarantees compensation for deposits that the bank for some reason cannot return. At the same time, clients themselves do not need to sign any additional papers when opening a deposit: the money is automatically insured by banks.

An important nuance - deposits are subject to insurance up to 1,4 million rubles Deposits above this amount can also be insured, but on a voluntary basis. It does not matter whether you keep money in one or several banks - each deposit is insured separately. Until 2015, the amount of funds subject to insurance protection was half as much.

Now in the Russian Federation there are about 900 banks - official participants of the unified deposit insurance system (DIS). So, when opening a deposit in a financial institution unfamiliar to you, the first thing you should do is ask whether the bank is on this list.

Not all types of bank deposits are subject to mandatory insurance.

The list of accounts that are not insured under the unified system includes:

• impersonal metal accounts;
• deposits in electronic currency;
• deposits in branches of foreign banks;
• bearer deposits;
• assets transferred into trust management;
• deposits in excess of the amount subject to mandatory protection.

In theory, it is quite possible to return such deposits after the bankruptcy of a financial company. Everything depends on the successful sale of the assets of the bankrupt bank. Such procedures, as well as insurance compensation itself, are handled by a government agency – the Deposit Insurance Agency (DIA).

First of all, the agency returns deposits of individuals, then individual entrepreneurs, after that - those whose deposits exceeded the amount of 1.4 million. Last of all, legal entities and those who opened metal accounts and other deposits that are not included in the list of compulsory insurance are served. .

3. Which banks are included in the deposit insurance system - review of the TOP 5 companies

As already mentioned, hundreds of Russian banks participate in the CER.

We present the five most reliable financial institutions in terms of the safety of civilian deposits.

1) VTB + Bank of Moscow

VTB Banking Group unites more than 20 financial organizations. The company is a holding company and operates in the domestic Russian market and in the international arena. VTB is confidently committed to increasing customer trust, reliability and openness.

Organizations united under the VTB brand are engaged in lending, insurance, storage and multiplication of deposits of individuals and legal entities. The shareholder of the bank is, in particular, the Government of the Russian Federation.

2) Alfa-Bank

The company is consistently included in the TOP financial organizations in Russia. It has several subsidiaries, hundreds of branches and thousands of ATMs throughout the country. One of the most popular banks among private investors.

Alfa Bank is a permanent member of the CER, a winner of national and international awards and prizes awarded to the best financial organizations. Has the highest rating A++ from the independent agency "Expert".

3) BINBANK

Private financial institution. It positions itself as one of the most reliable organizations in Russia, which is confirmed by the assessments of national and international rating agencies. Operating since 1996, it has more than 500 branches in cities of the Russian Federation.

Maintains a course for a harmonious combination of the experience of international financial companies with the realities of the local market. Each deposit of individuals is required to be insured under a unified deposit insurance system.

The largest financial institution in the Russian Federation. Slogan: “On a state scale, in the interests of everyone!” Included in the TOP 3 most influential Russian banks. It occupies a leading position in terms of capital volume, reliability and profitability of deposits.

It serves key sectors of the Russian economy and has subsidiaries in Kazakhstan, Belarus, Armenia, China and Switzerland. Has more than 4 million private investors.

A bank specializing in issuing mortgage loans. Any transactions of private individuals are necessarily protected by insurance. A reliable assistant in solving housing and credit issues. Speed ​​when making a decision on issuing loans, prompt execution of documents, advantageous programs and offers.

4. How to profitably insure deposits for individuals and legal entities - 3 useful tips

Despite the fact that deposit insurance in banks participating in the CVS program is a mandatory procedure, many clients have questions regarding the mechanisms and principles for protecting their savings.

Moreover, a huge number of depositors are not at all aware that their deposit is reliably insured against loss in the event of bankruptcy and revocation of the company’s license.

Some tips for banking clients who want to protect their money 100%.

Tip 1.

Make sure that the bank is a participant in the SSV

How to make sure that a financial institution is included in the CER program? It’s very simple - go to and find your bank in the list of participants.

If an institution is not on the list or, moreover, is on the list of companies excluded from the system, then you should not trust your assets to such an institution. Tip 2.

Avoid mistakes when filling out documents

If you change your name, address or passport, always notify your bank of such changes. This will help you easily find your contract when paying for insurance.

Tip 3. Make sure your contribution is covered by the CER

There are deposits that are not subject to compulsory insurance. We have already given a list of them above.

Remember also that the insurance covers not only the deposit body, but also the accumulated interest.

If you have any questions about how to insure your deposits and not make mistakes, you can seek help from experienced lawyers of the online service.

Watch an interesting video on the topic of deposit insurance.

5. Deposit Insurance Agency - what is it and what are its functions?

The DIA is a government agency responsible for the stability of the banking system in the country.

The funds of this organization are formed from systematic contributions from banks. The DIA has the right not only to accumulate funds and pay them as compensation, but also to invest them for the purpose of multiplication. This allows you to create a reserve in case there are too many requests to the organization.

The DIA is also engaged in the sale of assets of liquidated and declared bankrupt banks. The proceeds from such transactions are used to satisfy the claims of creditors.

The agency not only protects citizens' deposits, but also creates more favorable conditions for banks. The activities of this structure are controlled by the government of the Russian Federation and representatives of the Central Bank of Russia.

6. How to return deposit money if the bank’s license has been revoked - 4 simple steps

To get your deposit back if the bank goes bankrupt or closes, you need to follow a certain scheme.

Step 1. We go to the website of the deposit insurance agency

Already a day after the bank’s permission (license) is revoked, official information about this appears on the DIA website. The same information is posted on the Bank of Russia website.

The Agency’s portal also publishes information about agent banks that undertake to make payments on deposits.

Depositors have the right to apply for insurance compensation from the date of the insured event until the complete liquidation of the bank.

If, for good reasons, a person did not manage to do this within the prescribed period, the DIA will also consider his application in this case and, most likely, will also pay compensation.

Step 2. Contact the agent bank

Within 72 hours from the moment the insurance situation is announced, the DIA selects an agent bank that will handle payments.

After this, within a week the Agency posts information about the exact place and time of payments. Lists of depositors are compiled, each of whom is notified of insurance compensation in writing.

Depositors turn to the agent bank with the intention of receiving their money under insurance. A person can exercise his right to compensation within 2 years. In some cases, it is possible to withdraw money after this period.

Step 3. Making a statement

The agent bank will give you a form that you need to fill out in accordance with the established form. The policyholder will be required to confirm his identity or have a power of attorney certified by a notary (if he receives money as a representative of the investor).

The application form can also be downloaded from the DIA portal.

Step 4. We receive payments

The insurance amount must be paid within 72 hours from the date of submission of the application, but not earlier than 2 weeks from the date of recognition of the insured event.

Compensation is paid either in cash or transferred by bank transfer to a bank account specified by the client. In some cases, the DIA makes payments without the involvement of agent banks.

If you have problems returning your deposit, you can.

For clarity, we have displayed instructions for investors in the form of a table:

You will find useful information in the article “

And in other Russian cities, people first of all think about the opportunity to get maximum income from their savings. If they find a deposit program with the highest possible rates, they, without hesitation, invest money in it. If they have chosen a reliable and dynamically developing bank, then at the end of the term they will be able to receive their interest income. And if a financial institution suddenly goes bankrupt or its license is revoked in 2017, they may lose not only profits, but also savings accumulated over the years. Depositors can save themselves from bankruptcy only if their bank is a participant in an insurance program supervised by the state.

What is the state deposit insurance program?

In 2003, the Government of the Russian Federation developed and approved a norm that obliges financial institutions that accept deposits from individuals to participate in insurance. Such measures were taken due to the fact that the country was constantly increasing the number of depositors who were losing their hard-earned savings due to the closure of banks. Thanks to the introduction of the state deposit insurance program, the population has a chance to return invested funds even if financial institutions go bankrupt.

Advice: in this program, the DIA agency acts as the insurer, which acts on behalf of the state. All activities related to insurance activities are regulated by Federal Law No. 177, which entered into force on December 23, 2003.

How much of the deposit can be insured and paid to the client?

In 2017, legislative innovations did not affect the amount of deposit insurance. The amount fixed in previous years remained the same, it is 1,400,000 rubles (this takes into account interest income, which, according to the terms of the deposit, was subject to capitalization). It is worth noting that both deposits in rubles and deposits in foreign currency take part in the insurance program. In the latter case, the amount of insurance payments due to individuals will be calculated based on the exchange rate that was in effect on the day when the license was revoked (conversion into Russian rubles is carried out).

Advice: the insurance amount, which by law must be paid to individuals of bankrupt banks, is applied for each financial institution separately. For example, a citizen opened deposits in several banks, and after some time all these financial institutions went bankrupt. Ultimately, for each deposit program issued, he will receive insurance payments in an amount not exceeding 1,400,000 rubles (including).

If individuals have deposited savings in deposit accounts exceeding 1,400,000 rubles, then upon the occurrence of an insured event, they will be paid within the state-guaranteed return amount. Depositors can claim the remaining funds from the bankrupt bank in court.

What deposits do not participate in the state insurance program?

Many people who plan to register with other financial institutions are worried about the safety of their savings. If the banks they choose are participants in the government insurance program, then they should not be afraid. But Federal legislation establishes some restrictions that all private investors should be aware of. The following types of investments are not insured by the state:

• deposits placed in financial institutions located outside the Russian Federation;
• programs providing for the issuance of bearer savings certificates;
• funds placed on savings books, which are issued to the bearer;
• metal deposits and funds stored on electronic wallets;
• finances that were transferred to trust management;
• money that is stored in the accounts of business entities, notaries, lawyers, etc.

How to protect your savings from possible risks?

Financial experts strongly recommend that Russian citizens do not invest large sums in one financial institution. If they have savings in their hands, the size of which significantly exceeds 1,400,000 rubles, then it is better for them to divide them into parts and place them on deposits of different banks. To select a program, they will only need to write