1. Introduction. General characteristics

The role of foreign Asia in the world economy continues to grow, but differences in the level of development and specializations of individual countries remain.
In most foreign Asian countries, agriculture continues to play a dominant role. Industry is represented mainly by mining industries.

2. Groups of countries by economic development

In foreign Asia, according to the level of economic development, 6 groups of countries can be distinguished:
1. Highly developed countries
Currently, developed countries in the region include Japan, Israel, the Republic of Korea, and Singapore. Japan occupies a special place among these countries. It is the first developed state in Asia, the second economy in the region, and a member of the G7. By many indicators, Japan occupies a leading position among developed countries.

2. China and India
These countries have made significant breakthroughs. China and India are the world's second and third economies, respectively, but their per capita GDP figures are negligible.

3. Newly industrialized countries of Asia (NICs)
This group includes the Republic of Korea, Singapore, Hong Kong (Hong Kong), Taiwan, Malaysia, and Thailand. In addition, Indonesia and the Philippines are currently also included in this group. The combination of an advantageous economic-geographical location and cheap labor resources in these countries made it possible, with the participation of Western corporations, to restructure the economies of these countries along the Japanese model. The economies of these countries are mainly export-oriented.

4. Oil-producing countries
This group includes: Iran, Iraq, Saudi Arabia, UAE, Kuwait, Bahrain, Qatar, Oman. Thanks to petrodollars, these countries were able to make a significant leap in their development in a short period of time. Currently, these countries are developing not only oil and gas production, but also other sectors of the economy (mechanical engineering, petrochemicals, tourism, metallurgy).

5. Countries with a predominance of mining and light industries
These countries include: Sri Lanka, Bangladesh, Mongolia, Jordan, Vietnam.

6. Least developed countries
Laos, Cambodia, Nepal, Yemen, Bhutan. In these countries, modern production is practically absent.

3. Economic systems

Major world economic systems:
1. Market system.
2. Non-market system.

4. Asian models of economic development

Model name Model characteristics
Japanese Encouragement of small and medium-sized businesses, development of export-oriented production, purchase of patents, licenses and their effective use, development of education and training, development of high technology, purchase of raw materials and their processing on its territory, export of finished goods, switching the economy to the domestic market while maintaining export orientation.
Chinese Widespread use of economic relations while maintaining the leading role of the state, widespread development of rental relations in rural areas, rapid development of rural industry, decentralization of industry, attraction of capital from abroad, creation of free economic zones and open cities.
Indian Structural shifts from agriculture and small industry to heavy industry under the influence of the state, focusing on internal reserves and significant natural resources, using cheap labor, focusing on small and medium-sized enterprises.
Turkish High-quality labor resources, favorable economic-geographical and political-geographical position, economic liberalization, attracting foreign investment, flexibility, preservation of traditions, secularism and development of a market economy.
Iranian Extensive use of natural resource potential, state monopoly, state control, the importance of religion and traditions.
Many other countries in foreign Asia use the above models of economic development when forming their own state.

Agriculture and transport of Foreign Asia

1. General characteristics of agriculture

Agriculture in the region is insufficiently provided with land resources due to high population density. In it, agriculture predominates over livestock raising, the costs of manual labor per unit of land area are high, and the marketability of farms is low. Techniques and technology are mostly very primitive. The basis of agricultural production in the region is the plantation economy, which employs the majority of the population, and the export of plantation crops provides the majority of budget revenues.

2. Main agricultural areas

The main agricultural areas of foreign Asia:

• Monsoon sector of the countries of East, Southeast and South Asia. This region is the largest in the world for growing rice, the main crop. It is harvested 2-3 times a year, the total volume is 1/4 of world production. In Indonesia, Thailand, Myanmar, and Vietnam, rice fields occupy 4/5 of the sown area of ​​the river valley and delta lands. China, India, and Indonesia are the leaders in terms of total rice harvest.
• The main agricultural crops in the regions are also: coconut palm - produces nuts and coper (coconut core from which oil is obtained), the region accounts for 70% of their world production, Malaysia - up to 49%; Hevea - up to 90% of world production of natural rubber occurs in the countries of the region (Malaysia - 20% of world production, Indonesia, Vietnam); sugarcane (especially India, Philippines and Thailand); tea (India, China, Sri Lanka); spices (everywhere); orchids (Singapore, China, Thailand are the world leaders in their cultivation); cotton, tobacco, etc.
• Animal husbandry. It is very poorly developed due to a shortage of pastures and the spread of tropical animal diseases. Cattle are used primarily as draft power. India is the leader in the number of cattle, China is the leader in the number of poultry, sheep and pigs. Muslim peoples do not raise pigs.
• Sea and river fishing is widespread. The basis of agricultural production in the region is the plantation economy, which employs the majority of the population, and the export of plantation crops provides the majority of budget revenues.
• Subtropical farming area (Mediterranean coast). Wheat, millet, rubber, dates, almonds, and cotton are grown here. Cattle breeding and poultry farming are developed.
• Pastoral region: Mongolia, South-West Asia. Agriculture is represented in oases.

3. The place of foreign Asia in agriculture

The main grain crops of foreign Asia are rice, wheat, and corn. China and India are leaders in the collection of these crops.

4. Transport of foreign Asia

• Transport in foreign Asia is relatively poorly developed, with the exception of Japan and South Korea.
• The greatest length of railways is in China and India. The railways of China and Japan have the highest speeds.
• China, India, and Japan are the leaders in terms of the length of highways.
• Pipeline transport is developed in the Persian Gulf countries and China.
• Maritime transport is developed in Japan, China, Indonesia, and the Republic of Korea. The largest ports are Shanghai, Singapore, Hong Kong.
• Aviation mode of transport plays a significant role in Japan and China. The largest airport in the region is Capital Airport in Beijing (passenger turnover - 77.5 million people). The largest airline, China Southern Airlines, carried 76.5 million people.

Foreign Asia is a region that leads the world not only in area, but also in population. Moreover, he has held this championship for more than one millennium. The countries of foreign Asia, despite their many differences, also have a number of common features. They will be discussed in this article.

General characteristics of foreign Asian countries

Foreign Asia is the cradle of many civilizations and the birthplace of agriculture. The world's first cities were built here and a number of great scientific discoveries were made.

All countries of foreign Asia (and there are 48 of them in total) occupy an area of ​​32 million square kilometers. Large states predominate among them. There are also giant countries, the area of ​​each of which exceeds 3 million km2 (India, China).

Experts classify most states in this region as developing. Only four countries out of 48 can be called economically developed. These are Japan, South Korea, Singapore and Israel.

There are 13 monarchies on the political map of foreign Asia (and half of them are located in the Middle East). The remaining countries in the region are republics.

According to the characteristics of their geographical location, all countries of foreign Asia are divided into:

• island (Japan, Sri Lanka, Maldives, etc.);
• coastal (India, South Korea, Israel, etc.);
• inland (Nepal, Mongolia, Kyrgyzstan, etc.).

It is obvious that countries from the latter group are experiencing great difficulties in terms of introducing their goods to world markets.

Regions and countries of foreign Asia

Geographers divide overseas Asia into five subregions:

• South-West Asia - includes all countries on the territory of the Arabian Peninsula, the Transcaucasian republics, Turkey, Cyprus, Iran and Afghanistan (20 states in total);
• South Asia - includes 7 states, the largest of which are India and Pakistan;
• Southeast Asia is made up of 11 countries, ten of which are developing (all except Singapore);
• East Asia - includes only five powers (China, Mongolia, Japan, South Korea and North Korea);
• Central Asia consists of five post-Soviet republics (Kazakhstan, Tajikistan, Uzbekistan, Kyrgyzstan and Turkmenistan).

How do the countries of foreign Asia border? The map below will help you navigate this issue.

Population and natural resources

This region, due to its tectonic structure, is distinguished by its enormous diversity. Thus, India and China can boast of significant reserves of coal, iron and iron. However, the most important wealth here is black gold. The largest oil fields are concentrated in Saudi Arabia, Iran and Kuwait.

As for the conditions for the development of agriculture, in this regard, some states are more fortunate, others much less fortunate. Many of the countries in South and Southeast Asia have excellent conditions. But states such as Syria or Mongolia are an almost continuous lifeless desert, where only certain branches of livestock farming can be developed.

According to various estimates, from 3.5 to 3.8 billion people live within the region. This is more than half of the entire population of the Earth. Almost all countries of Foreign Asia are characterized by high birth rates (the so-called second type of reproduction). Many states in the region are experiencing today, which entails food and other problems.

The ethnic structure of the population in this region is also very complex. At least a thousand different nationalities live here, the most numerous of which are the Chinese, Japanese and Bengalis. In terms of linguistic diversity, this region also has no equal on the entire planet.

Most of the population of foreign Asia (about 66%) lives in rural areas. Nevertheless, the pace and nature of urbanization processes in this region are so great that the situation has already begun to be called an “urban explosion.”

Foreign Asia: economic features

What is the role of modern countries in the region in the global economy? All states of foreign Asia can be collected into several groups. There are so-called ones (Singapore, Korea, Taiwan and others) who, in a short period of time, were able to rebuild their national economy and achieve certain successes in development. A separate group in the region are oil-producing countries (Saudi Arabia, Iraq, UAE, etc.), whose economies are completely based on this natural wealth.

Japan (the most developed country in Asia), China and India cannot be classified into any of these categories. All other states remain underdeveloped, and in some of them there is no industry at all.

Conclusion

Foreign Asia is the largest historical and geographical region of the planet, within which more than one civilization arose. Today there are 48 independent states. They differ in size, population, and government structure, but they also have several common features.

Most of the countries of Foreign Asia are developing countries with rather backward economies. Only four of them can be classified as economically developed powers.

Description of the presentation by individual slides:

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Name the region The region is a compact territory closed by mountains to the north. It is home to the highest peak in the world and the wettest place on Earth. The region includes only countries that formed as independent states after the collapse of the USSR. It has a very dry climate. The most populous country in the world is located in this region. In terms of natural features in the region, there are sharp differences between the eastern and western parts. South Asia Central Asia East Asia

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Name the region The main industry is oil production and oil refining. Unstable political situation and military conflicts. This region contains only peninsular and island states. The region is distinguished by oil production and oil refining, mechanical engineering, forestry and wood processing. Tourism is developed. 6. The largest peninsula on Earth is located in this region of Foreign Asia. Most of it is in the desert tropical climate area. South-West Asia South-East Asia South-West Asia

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REMEMBER! Demography Science about population Natural increase Increase in population per 1000 inhabitants, the difference between births and deaths (measured in ppm) Migration Population movements associated with a change of permanent residence “Demographic explosion” A sharp increase in population as a result of a stable and significant excess of the birth rate over the death rate Urbanization Process of growth of cities and increasing the share of the urban population Agglomeration Interconnected system of territorially close cities

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POPULATION OF FOREIGN ASIA Population - 4351 million people 60% of the world's population 6 of the 10 countries with the largest population: China, India, Indonesia, Pakistan, Bangladesh, Japan (p. 16) Assignment: Analysis of diagram 3 p. 16

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The ethnic composition of foreign Asia is highly mosaic! 1000 peoples 6 out of 10 major nations: Chinese, Hindustani, Bengalis, Japanese, Punjabis and Biharis MOST COUNTRIES MULTINATIONAL: India, Pakistan, Afghanistan, Bangladesh, Nepal, Bhutan MULTINATIONAL WITH PREMIUMENCE OF ONE NATION: China, Indonesia, Philippines Vietnam, Myanmar, Thailand , Iran, Malaysia, Laos NATIONAL COMPOSITION UNON-NATIONAL: Japan, Republic of Korea, countries of the Arabian Peninsula 600 languages ​​9 language families Large: Sino-Tibetan, Indo-European Language families? Map – application page 354

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ASIA IS THE HOMELAND OF THREE WORLD RELIGIONS Judaism Lamaism Islam SW, C, S and SE Asia Buddhism S and SE Asia Christianity Philippines, Georgia Hinduism Page. 18, table 1

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Transitional type of reproduction: high birth rate (18‰) low mortality rate (7‰) Natural increase = 11 ‰ In Arab countries = 2.0-2.9% In Japan = 0.2% Natural population increase - more than 30 - 25 - 30 - 20 - 25 - 15 - 20 - 10 - 15 - 5 - 10 China Japan Characteristic: fast growth rates avg. life expectancy 71 years Japan - 83 years (f - 86) Afghanistan - 60 years Cambodia - 62 years M:F / 105:100 Exceptions - Japan and Vietnam. In oil-producing countries there are 1.5 times more men than women DEMOGRAPHIC SITUATION

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POPULATION DISTRIBUTION Uneven distribution Average density: 136 people/km2 Population density varies: Bangladesh - 1101 people/km2 Mongolia - 2 people/km2 Singapore - 8734 people/km2 Mongolia Bangladesh max min Coastal plains, valleys and river deltas Deserts, semi-deserts, highlands, tropical forests Analyze the map: Which region of Asia has the highest population density and which has the least? Why?

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URBANIZATION Urban population is growing rapidly, characterized by an urban boom, but a large proportion of the population lives in rural areas Chinese village URBANIZATION Kuwait - 98% UAE - 83% China - 53% Sri Lanka - 15% MAJOR CITIES Tokyo Mumbai Shanghai Jakarta Beijing City 46% Rural 53% Tokaido – 60 million people. Nomads of Mongolia Agglomerations: China -50, India - 30,800 people/km²

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ASIAN ECONOMIC SPACE “Legs” China, India - resources “Head” Japan - NT achievements “Hands” NIS - production of modern products “Vitality” - oil exporting countries and financial centers

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MODELS OF SOCIO-ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT “Japanese” - Japan and NIS countries Government regulation, export orientation, attracting foreign investment, large monopolies competitive in the foreign market, education “Chinese” - building socialism with Chinese characteristics Combining a market economy with management from the center: scientific and technological revolution , industry, education “Development of oil exporting countries” Formation of an economy based on oil production and oil refining, petrochemicals and non-production spheres: finance, tourism, education “Iranian” Development of local natural resources, state monopoly, centralization of the economy, militarization, domination of the clergy in public life

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SPECIALIZATION OF THE ECONOMY: metallurgy, shipbuilding, automotive, electronics, electrical engineering, agricultural products (tea, natural rubber, jute, tropical and subtropical crops, spices) South-West Asia Mineral extraction: oil (Gulf countries), chromites (Turkey ) Agricultural products: karakul (Afghanistan), dates and almonds (Iraq, Iran), dried fruits and nuts (Turkey), coffee (Yemen) South Asia Main countries - India and Pakistan Jute, jute products (Bangladesh, India), tea (India, Sri Lanka), natural rubber, spices, coconut products Southeast Asia Mineral raw materials: tin (Malaysia and Indonesia), tungsten antimony (Thailand), chromium (Philippines), oil (Indonesia and Brunei); The largest rice growing region is the Philippines, Indonesia) East and Central Asia Complex economic structure: developed - Japan, China, Republic of Korea and backward Myanmar, Vietnam, Laos

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CLASSIFICATION OF COUNTRY Highly developed countries of the world: Japan Oil exporting countries: Saudi Arabia, Qatar, Kuwait, UAE, Oman, Bahrain, Iran, Iraq, Brunei Key developing countries: China, India, Turkey Countries of settler capitalism: Israel NIS: Republic of Korea, Taiwan , Hong Kong (Hong Kong), Singapore, Malaysia, Thailand, Philippines Developing countries with low national income: Indonesia, Pakistan, Bangladesh, Vietnam, Sri Lanka, Mongolia, Jordan Underdeveloped countries: Afghanistan, Bhutan, Yemen, Cambodia, Laos, Maldives, Nepal

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ECOLOGICAL PROBLEMS OF FOREIGN ASIA ⅓ of the entire cultivated area is in a state of degradation: soil erosion, extensive farming, mining; Depletion of water resources; Lost ⅓ of forests over the past 30 years. 50-90% of timber is used as fuel: India, Indochina countries; Industrial and domestic urban pollution; Leader in carbon dioxide emissions into the atmosphere. China India

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Test 1. The main part of the countries of Foreign Asia are: a) single-national b) multinational c) binational 2. Foreign Asia is the birthplace of all world religions: a) religions b) monarchies c) republics 3. The longest country in the region a) Indonesia b) Mongolia c) Turkey 4. “Tea landscapes” are typical for countries... a) China, Japan, India, Sri Lanka b) UAE, Kuwait, Oman c) Laos, Vietnam, Myanmar 5. The main features of the EGP of Foreign Asia? a) neighboring position, coastal, inland b) proximity to world economic centers c) absence of environmental problems, neighboring position

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Test 6. The main branch of light industry in China: a) footwear b) textile c) leather 7. The largest financial centers of Foreign Asia... a) Japan, China, Singapore b) Malaysia, Kuwait c) Iran, Oman 8. New industrial countries include : a) Singapore, Taiwan, Republic of Korea b) Singapore, Taiwan, Thailand, Hong Kong c) Singapore, Taiwan, Indonesia, Hong Kong 9. The distribution of the population in Western Asia is mainly influenced by: a) urbanization processes b) international migration c) natural features conditions 10. The highest level of urbanization has a) Japan b) China c) Kuwait

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Test 11. The largest urban population has: a) Japan b) China c) India 12. Most countries in Foreign Asia have: a) a high level of urbanization b) an average level of urbanization c) a low level of urbanization 13. The traditional religion of Japan is: a) Buddhism b) Shintoism c) Confucianism 14. Tokaido is the largest in Japan: a) national park b) free economic zone c) megalopolis 15. Which of the following countries has the largest proportion of people over 65 years old in the age structure of the population? a) Afghanistan b) Yemen c) Japan d) China 16. The most sparsely populated country in the world: a) Mongolia b) Bangladesh c) Afghanistan

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Choose the correct statement: These three countries belong to the NIS All three countries are located on the Indochina Peninsula Three countries are in the top five countries with a high population These are archipelagic countries Three countries are washed by the Pacific Ocean These are federal republics The capitals of three countries begin with the letter “T” These are absolute monarchies Groups of countries Singapore, Taiwan, Republic of Korea DPRK, Vietnam, China Indonesia, Philippines, Maldives Iran, Japan, Georgia India, Indonesia, China Pakistan, India, Myanmar Thailand, Vietnam, Cambodia Qatar, UAE, Brunei A G E C B F D H

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Determine the principle of uniting countries into groups Saudi Arabia, Israel, Syria, Jordan Laos, Mongolia, Nepal, Bhutan Mongolia, Japan, North Korea, Republic of Korea, UAE Pakistan, Indonesia, Saudi Arabia, Yemen UAE, Qatar, Kuwait, Saudi Arabia Japan, Malaysia , Jordan, Thailand China, India, Sri Lanka Indonesia, Malaysia, Philippines, Vietnam, Laos Key: Countries of South-West Asia Single-national countries Inland countries Countries where the main religion is Islam ASEAN countries (Association of Southeast Asian Nations) Oil producing and oil-exporting countries Constitutional monarchies Tea-exporting countries F C H A D G B E

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Guess the country This country is called “the country in reverse”, because the coat is given by a woman, the steering wheel in the car is on the right side, they write from top to bottom, eat with chopsticks, sleep on the floor, cats are tailless, and white is the color of mourning. This highest mountainous country in the world attracts foreign tourists with its unusual natural landscapes and national parks, most of which are UNESCO World Heritage Sites. The state is located between the two most populated countries in the world. The main branch of the economy is agriculture, where rice, corn, sugar cane, jute, and root crops are grown. The main source of income is tourism. Japan Nepal

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Guess the country The country is rich in mineral resources, produces diesel locomotives, machine tools, televisions, computers, world-class medicines, carries out a space program, and ranks 2nd in the world in terms of the number of scientific and technical specialists. At the same time, the national income per capita is low, and most villages do not have electricity. A developing agro-industrial, most multinational country in the world. The largest country in South-West Asia. It is often called the "Land of Two Mosques", referring to the two main cities of Islam. The country ranks first in the world in oil reserves and production. India Saudi Arabia

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Guess the country The shape of the territory of this country on the map resembles the Latin letter “S”. It stretches from north to south along the coast of the South China Sea. This is a parliamentary republic. The subtropical monsoon climate allows the cultivation of rice, cotton, rubber, tea, pepper, bananas, sugar cane, and nuts. It occupies one of the first places in the world in the production of coffee beans. This is an ancient state in Central Asia with a small population density. Due to the harsh continental climate, agriculture is vulnerable to natural disasters such as severe drought or cold. The country has little arable land, but many pastures where sheep, goats, cattle, horses and camels graze. Homeland of Genghis Khan. Vietnam Mongolia

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Guess the country An agrarian-industrial country in Southeast Asia, which includes more than 18 thousand islands. About 300 people live, 88% of the population professes Islam. The territory is rich in various mineral resources; oil, gas, iron ores and non-ferrous metal ores are mined. One of the oldest states, which gave the world many outstanding discoveries and inventions: compass, matches, crossbow, dumplings, ice cream, suspension bridge, toothbrush, toilet paper, fish hook and others. The country with the largest population in the world and a developed economy. The birthplace of Confucianism. Indonesia China

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INTERNET RESOURCES http://ic.pics.livejournal.com/i_core/25146621/84219/84219_original.jpg Sea (background) http://lib.znate.ru/pars_docs/refs/127/126383/126383_html_m1e9291b3.jpg Political map http://oboi.cc/uploads/new/big/oboik.ru_23037.jpg Mosque in Abu Dhabi http://citypicture.ru/wp-content/uploads/2010/04/1612.jpg Buddhist temple in China http ://gallery.forum-grad.ru/files/4/8/3/6/4/hram.jpg Orthodox Church in Jerusalem http://www.ljplus.ru/img4/i/n/inna_kriksunova/Bahajskij- hram.jpg Israel http://img-fotki.yandex.ru/get/6738/58581001.228/0_d5496_3d0536b8_XL.jpg India http://baikal-turs.ru/wp-content/uploads/2014/06/dacan_36415.jpg Lamaist temple http://img0.liveinternet.ru/images/attach/c/0/39/570/39570129_041621.gif Tokaido https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/05/Tokaido.svg /600px-Tokaido.svg.png Map http://texty.org.ua/action/file/download?file_guid=41103 Megalopolis Tokaido http://batona.net/uploads/posts/2012-09/1348750827_002.jpg Rural settlement in China http://econet.ru/uploads/pictures/113009/original_838f4b__econet_ru.png Nomads in Mongolia http://900igr.net/datai/geografija/KHarakteristika-Azii/0017-025-Naselenie.png Population density map http ://lib.znate.ru/pars_docs/refs/127/126383/126383_html_m1e9291b3.jpg Map http://drvoda.com/wp-content/uploads/2012/04/nehvatka_vody_1.jpg China http://topstens.ru /wp-content/uploads/2014/04/Vapi.jpg Vapi city, India http://imja.name/image/mapasia.jpg Map

Natural resource prerequisites for agricultural development The regions are very diverse. The growing season in many countries allows for the cultivation of food and industrial crops all year round. However, there are two big problems in the region that significantly reduce agricultural opportunities.

1. Lack of land resources. Most of the territory of Foreign Asia is occupied by mountain systems, hills and plateaus, which are poorly suitable for agriculture. Compared to the vast mountain ranges, the area of ​​the lowlands is small. Considering the large number of people in the region, the provision of land resources per capita is very low (the provision of arable land is 0.1 - 0.2 hectares per person).

2. Uneven moisture distribution across the region. Foreign Asia accounts for ¾ of the world's irrigated lands (China, India, Iran, Syria, Iraq, Turkey, the Persian Gulf).

The most favorable for agricultural use are the lowland areas of Foreign Asia (all of them are located along its western, southern and eastern outskirts) and are well supplied with moisture, as they are located in the monsoon (eastern and southern part of the region) and Mediterranean (western part of the region) climate. High thermal and moisture availability (the amount of precipitation reaches 1000-2000 mm per year) in combination with fertile soils of the alluvial plains allows the development of almost any direction of agriculture here. More than 90% of its arable land is concentrated in this part of the region.

In the rest of the territory of Foreign Asia, the climate is unfavorable for agriculture: too wet in the equatorial regions (the amount of precipitation reaches 3000 mm or more per year) and too dry in the desert, semi-desert and highland regions of South-West and Central Asia (the amount of precipitation barely reaches 50 mm per year). Successful farming here is possible only with land reclamation.

Accommodation Agriculture in the vast area of ​​​​Overseas Asia is highly dependent on environmental factors. In general, several agricultural areas have formed in the region.

1. The monsoon sector of East, Southeast and South Asia is the main rice growing area. Rice is sown in river valleys on flooded fields. In the higher parts of the same sector there are tea plantations (China, Japan, India, Sri Lanka, etc.) and opium poppy plantations (Myanmar, Laos, Thailand).

2. The region of subtropical agriculture is the Mediterranean coast. Fruits, rubber, dates, and almonds are grown here.

3. Region of pastoral livestock farming - Mongolia and South-West Asia (here livestock farming is combined with farming in oases).

The video lesson “Socio-economic models of Overseas Asia” tells in detail about the economic systems of the countries in the region, their features and characteristics. You will look at six groups of countries by region, since each group is sharply different from each other. For example, Japan occupies a leading position among the economically developed countries of the West, while India is just developing, and Iran or Iraq specialize in oil production.

Topic: Foreign Asia

Lesson:Socio-economic models of foreign Asia

The role of foreign Asia in the world economy continues to grow, but differences in the level of development and specializations of individual countries remain.

In most foreign Asian countries, agriculture continues to play a dominant role. Industry is represented mainly by mining industries.

In foreign Asia, according to the level of economic development, 6 groups of countries can be distinguished:

1. Highly developed countries

Currently, developed countries in the region include Japan, Israel, the Republic of Korea, and Singapore. Japan occupies a special place among these countries. It is the first developed state in Asia, the second economy in the region, and a member of the G7. By many indicators, Japan occupies a leading position among developed countries.

2. China and India

These countries have made significant breakthroughs. China and India are the world's second and third economies, respectively, but their per capita GDP figures are negligible.

3. Newly Industrialized Asia (NIE)

This group includes the Republic of Korea, Singapore, Hong Kong (Hong Kong), Taiwan, Malaysia, and Thailand. In addition, Indonesia and the Philippines are currently also included in this group. The combination of an advantageous economic-geographical location and cheap labor resources in these countries made it possible, with the participation of Western corporations, to restructure the economies of these countries along the Japanese model. The economies of these countries are mainly export-oriented.

4. Oil producing countries

This group includes: Iran, Iraq, Saudi Arabia, UAE, Kuwait, Bahrain, Qatar, Oman. Thanks to petrodollars, these countries were able to make a significant leap in their development in a short period of time. Currently, these countries are developing not only oil and gas production, but also other sectors of the economy (mechanical engineering, petrochemicals, tourism, metallurgy).

5. Countries with a predominance of mining and light industries

These countries include: Sri Lanka, Bangladesh, Mongolia, Jordan, Vietnam.

6. Least developed countries

Laos, Cambodia, Nepal, Yemen, Bhutan. In these countries, modern production is practically absent.

Major world economic systems:

1. Market system.

Many other countries in foreign Asia use the above models of economic development when forming their own state.

Homework

Topic 7, P. 1

1. Name the main Asian models of economic development. Give them a brief description.

References

Main

1. Geography. Basic level. 10-11 grades: Textbook for educational institutions / A.P. Kuznetsov, E.V. Kim. - 3rd ed., stereotype. - M.: Bustard, 2012. - 367 p.

2. Economic and social geography of the world: Textbook. for 10th grade educational institutions / V.P. Maksakovsky. - 13th ed. - M.: Education, JSC "Moscow Textbooks", 2005. - 400 p.

3. Atlas with a set of outline maps for grade 10. Economic and social geography of the world. - Omsk: FSUE "Omsk Cartographic Factory", 2012. - 76 p.

Additional

1. Economic and social geography of Russia: Textbook for universities / Ed. prof. A.T. Khrushchev. - M.: Bustard, 2001. - 672 p.: ill., map.: color. on

2. Strovsky L. E., Kazantsev S. K., Parshina E. A. et al. Foreign economic activity of an enterprise: Textbook for universities. - M: UNITY-DANA, 2004. - P. 613-632.

Encyclopedias, dictionaries, reference books and statistical collections

1. Geography: a reference book for high school students and applicants to universities. - 2nd ed., rev. and revision - M.: AST-PRESS SCHOOL, 2008. - 656 p.

Literature for preparing for the State Exam and the Unified State Exam

1. Thematic control in geography. Economic and social geography of the world. 10th grade / E.M. Ambartsumova. - M.: Intellect-Center, 2009. - 80 p.

2. The most complete edition of standard versions of real Unified State Examination tasks: 2010. Geography / Comp. Yu.A. Solovyova. - M.: Astrel, 2010. - 221 p.

3. The optimal bank of tasks for preparing students. Unified State Exam 2012. Geography: Textbook / Comp. EM. Ambartsumova, S.E. Dyukova. - M.: Intellect-Center, 2012. - 256 p.

4. The most complete edition of standard versions of real Unified State Examination tasks: 2010. Geography / Comp. Yu.A. Solovyova. - M.: AST: Astrel, 2010. - 223 p.

5. Geography. Diagnostic work in the format of the Unified State Exam 2011. - M.: MTsNMO, 2011. - 72 p.

6. Unified State Exam 2010. Geography. Collection of tasks / Yu.A. Solovyova. - M.: Eksmo, 2009. - 272 p.

7. Geography tests: 10th grade: to the textbook by V.P. Maksakovsky “Economic and social geography of the world. 10th grade” / E.V. Baranchikov. - 2nd ed., stereotype. - M.: Publishing house "Exam", 2009. - 94 p.

8. Textbook on geography. Tests and practical assignments in geography / I.A. Rodionova. - M.: Moscow Lyceum, 1996. - 48 p.

9. The most complete edition of standard versions of real Unified State Examination tasks: 2009. Geography / Comp. Yu.A. Solovyova. - M.: AST: Astrel, 2009. - 250 p.

10. Unified State Exam 2009. Geography. Universal materials for preparing students / FIPI - M.: Intellect-Center, 2009. - 240 p.

11. Geography. Answers to questions. Oral examination, theory and practice / V.P. Bondarev. - M.: Publishing house "Exam", 2003. - 160 p.

12. Unified State Exam 2010. Geography: thematic training tasks / O.V. Chicherina, Yu.A. Solovyova. - M.: Eksmo, 2009. - 144 p.

13. Unified State Exam 2012. Geography: Model exam options: 31 options / Ed. V.V. Barabanova. - M.: National Education, 2011. - 288 p.

14. Unified State Exam 2011. Geography: Model exam options: 31 options / Ed. V.V. Barabanova. - M.: National Education, 2010. - 280 p.

Materials on the Internet

1. Federal Institute of Pedagogical Measurements ().

2. Federal portal Russian Education ().