The construction of any house involves the creation of a project. This documentation is quite complex and contains a lot of technical information.

The design process requires the analysis of a lot of data, which cannot be done without special knowledge. You can find out in more detail how to properly prepare such documentation on the website https://plan100.ru/.

Architectural and construction plan

A house project is a special document with which you can control the construction technology and its compliance with standards. The main section of this documentation is architectural and construction, which consists of the following subsections:

1. Architectural section. It includes all the drawings, which indicate the main characteristics of the future building. All of them are carried out to a certain scale in order to exactly correspond to real structures. This can include everything from floor plans to a section of the house.
2. Constructive section. This part involves planning all supporting elements from the foundation to the floors and rafter systems. The documentation involves calculations of foundation sections in several planes.

Engineering and technical component

1. Water supply and sewerage system. It includes all the main pipeline layouts. The diagrams also mark the placement of boilers, plugs and other structural elements. All this also applies to the actual dimensions of the rooms and the building as a whole.
2. Heating system. Design documentation of this kind involves basic calculations for the placement and laying of heating elements, pipes and auxiliary mechanisms. The diagram is performed for each floor (if the house is multi-story), including the basement or adjacent buildings.
3. Gas equipment. Such documentation is very similar to previous diagrams. In this case, all calculations are made taking into account the technical features of gas equipment. This allows you to obtain the maximum level of safety and durable operation.
4. Electrics. The diagram involves placing all electrical systems inside and outside the house.

The house project may also include several supporting documents, which are not always present. They can only be clarified with the specific performer of these tasks.

1. List of sheets
2. General information. Room area
3. Prospects
4. Site diagram
5. Marking plan of the 1st floor
6. Marking plan of the 2nd floor
7. Attic floor plan
8. Roof plan
9. Facades
10. Decorative elements of the facade
11. Cuts
12. Specification of elements for filling external openings. Sketches
13. Fundamental units for sections and facades
14. Ventilation ducts and chimneys
15. Schematic diagram of a foundation pit for a house
16. Schematic diagram of the foundation pit for the porch foundation
17. Schematic diagrams of input and output of utility networks
18. Plan and 3D view of preparation for foundation ribs and slab at elevation. -0.850
19. Plan and 3D view of foundation ribs
20. Plan of the foundation slab at elevation. -0.850. 3D view of the foundation without insulation.
21. Plan for additional reinforcement of the foundation slab at elevation. -0.850
22. Plan of the foundation slab at elevation. -0.200
23. Plan for additional reinforcement of the foundation slab at elevation. -0.200
24. Foundation sections
25. Basic diagrams of foundation reinforcement
26. Reinforcement of external stairs
27. Layout plans for horizontal and vertical insulation
28. Schematic diagrams of hydro- and thermal insulation of the foundation
29. 3D view of the foundation
30. Internal staircase. 3D view of reinforcement
31. Principal section along the wall. Technical instructions for masonry structures
32. Schematic diagrams of jumper devices
33. Masonry plan of the 1st floor. 3D view of the walls of the 1st floor
34. Masonry plan for the facing layer of the 1st floor
35. Plan of niches of the 1st floor
36. Plan and 3D view of the lintels at elevation. +3.150
37. Schematic diagrams of reinforcement of floors at elevation. +3.150 and +6.650
38. Scheme of joining of floor reinforcement
39. Plan and 3D view of the floor at elevation. +3.150
40. Plan for additional reinforcement of the floor at elevation. 3.150
41. Masonry plan of the 2nd floor. 3D view of the walls of the 2nd floor
42. Masonry plan for the facing layer of the 2nd floor
43. Plan of niches of the 2nd floor
44. Plan and 3D view of the lintels at elevation. +6.450
45. Plan and 3D view of the lintels at elevation. +6.660
46. Plan for additional reinforcement of the floor at elevation. +6.660
47. Masonry attic plan
48. Plan and 3D view of a monolithic belt under the Mauerlat
49. Plan and 3D view of the Mauerlats
50. Plan and 3D view of racks, supports and purlins
51. Plan and 3D view of the rafter system
52. Sections along the rafters
53. Principal components of the rafter system
54. Terrace. Metal Post and Beam Plans
55. Terrace. Terrace column plan
56. Terrace. Plan of the terrace enclosing structures. Plan of floor beams.
57. Terrace. Cuts.
58. Garage. Plan of the monolithic belt at elevation. +2.715
59. Garage. Floor beam plan
60. Garage. Run plan at elevation. +3.970. Plan of monolithic belts at elevation. +2.850 and +3.065
61. Garage. Cuts
62. Garage. Section fragments
63. Porch 2. Plan of metal posts. Floor beam plan
64. Porch 2. Plan of enclosing structures
65. Porch 2. 3D views
66. Roof at elevation +5.181. Plan of monolithic belts for rafters
67. Roof at elevation +5.181. Rafter plan
68. Roof at elevation +5.181. Roof plan
69. 3D views of load-bearing structures of the garage, terrace and porch
70. Porch 1
71. Stairs

The construction of any building must be carried out according to the project. this indispensable tool for monitoring the quality of work and the consumption of building materials. What should it include? Let's talk about this in more detail.
There are two sequentially developed house designs: preliminary and working. Draft house designs contain sketches of the future building, revealing its planning, volume-spatial and style solutions. This includes drawings with a schematic plan for the development of the territory, a plan of all floors of the building, a roof plan, the appearance of the building and its sections (longitudinal and transverse). In addition, this document indicates the total area of ​​the building and lists the materials from which it will be built. Here, in general terms, the design features of the building can be noted and a range of non-standard products can be given.

Working designs of houses

The development of working documentation, which is a program of action for builders, is carried out on the basis of a preliminary design approved by the customer. The working design consists of three main parts: architectural, design and engineering.
The architectural part includes a master plan of the site and a vertical layout project demonstrating the scope of earthworks, as well as, in some cases, a design for landscaping the site. In addition, the architectural part includes a description of the facades of the building indicating all the necessary dimensions, as well as plans of all floors containing such parameters as the area of ​​​​the premises, the placement and dimensions of walls, partitions, window and door openings, internal stairs, etc. Other elements of the architectural part. This is a roof plan and drawings of longitudinal and transverse sections of the main rooms, staircase and main entrance, showing the structural design of the building.
The structural part of the working projects of houses is intended directly for ordering materials and conducting work on the construction site. It includes a foundation plan; floor plan; roofing structure plan; sections of foundations, walls and other structural units, parts and elements of the building; specifications of structural elements.
Finally, the engineering and technical part of the working designs of houses contains data on the composition and placement of various elements of engineering equipment, its power and the distribution of networks. This part of the working documentation consists of several sections, including sections of gas supply, heating and ventilation, water supply and sewerage, electricity supply and low-current networks. Alarm and security systems projects are included in separate sections.

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When constructing private houses, one of the important components of the successful implementation of the project is the correct preparation of all necessary documentation. This will allow you to avoid many installation errors, fully equip the property in accordance with all requirements and connect all the necessary communications, and then easily register ownership of it.

If you refuse to create a project, it will become impossible to legally obtain ownership of it; due to non-compliance with building codes, it may be unsuitable or dangerous to the lives of all residents. You may also be interested in projects of private houses. To select a project, follow the link to the website http://euro-plans.ru/.

What is included in the project?

The project of any house includes the following sections:

• Architectural. It includes basic data about the building design with detailed information about its construction in detailed drawings.
• Constructive. It represents general information about the construction project, including data on the location of structural elements with specifications for them.
• Engineering. It is necessary only if you plan to connect the house to various communications, for example, a sewerage system or a water supply system. The section includes information about the calculations carried out, the implementation of the connection and a detailed plan for their installation with specifications and names of products, materials and devices.
• Additional documentation.

Architectural section

The architectural section includes complete information about the geometry of buildings, structures, structures with complete data on their sizes, areas and materials, as well as the placement of structural elements such as windows, doors, walls, partitions on each floor. The plans also indicate the location of kitchen and sanitary premises, indicating the location of equipment in them. A roof drawing is also provided with drawings of the rafter system and its individual elements, as well as data on the roofing material. The roof plan must include a calculation of the slopes, their shape and size.

Drawings of the building's facades are presented from several angles to get a complete picture of the structure. Additionally, you will need to make drawings of cross sections of the house, which will clearly show the internal arrangement of floors, partitions, doors, stairs, etc. Then you will need to create a complete specification, which will include information about building materials and finished structures.

Structural section

The constructive section provides general data about the object and diagrams of the location of the rafter system, foundation, main load-bearing units, walls and ceilings. Additionally, as in the architectural section, there must be transverse and longitudinal sections of all elements, as well as calculations of the strength and stability of the building. The most complex connecting and mating nodes are shown in separate drawings, on which not only the main dimensions are plotted, but also axial references are made. In addition, complete information is provided on the installation technologies used and the sequence of work performed.

Engineering section

The engineering section of the project indicates a complete list of all connected communications and their internal wiring inside the building. Such systems include: plumbing, sewer, electrical, heating, ventilation, etc. For each of them there must be a plan for their location, a complete specification, a list of auxiliary installations for their functionality, as well as the location of points of consumption. Calculations must be supplemented with an explanatory note.

When describing the plumbing system, communications with cold and hot water, as well as their wiring, are indicated. In the electrical communications system, a calculation of the expected loads on the network is provided to determine the power and select suitable wiring and electrical accessories. The implementation of grounding and lightning protection is also shown. A mandatory subsection in case of high thunder danger should be a description of the lightning rod system. At the end of the section there should be information indicating all the installation features, as well as connecting devices and devices.

Additional Documentation

• Complete technical description of the design and selected architecture of the building.
• Description of the purpose of the building and its functions.
• Economic indicators.
• Cost estimate for building materials with a description of the validity of their choice.
• Data on the selection of specific engineering solutions.

Conclusion

Projects of private houses contain complete general and detailed information about the main structures, building materials used, technologies and features of the construction of units, as well as all necessary calculations with explanations. Therefore, a professional approach is required to compile documentation.

A house project is documentation that indicates all the parameters of the building. Documentation will help you imagine what the building will look like outside and inside, how much and what materials will be needed for construction. Sometimes the house design includes additional sections that help to approach construction in more detail - determine in advance the type of communications to be laid, plan the installation of a fire or security alarm during the construction stage. Documentation will be needed both during the construction process and during acceptance - for quality control and compliance with standards.

What does the project consist of? What items are required?

A standard project is a set of drawings required for construction. The project should have the following sections:

• architectural (AR)- describes general information, architectural solutions, contains floor plans, facade drawings and main sections, roof plan, lists of door and window openings;
• constructive (KR)- includes design drawings of the foundation and other load-bearing structures, flooring, rafter system. The construction section indicates the required building materials and their quantities.

Such a set of drawings is always included in the house design - this is regulated by government regulations. At the customer's request, additional sections are included in the design documentation - for example, a set of drawings of engineering systems.

In private housing construction, when small residential buildings are built, they are often limited to a preliminary design. But this is the first stage of architectural design; it cannot be called complete. The sketch documents contain only general data, images of facades and floor plans.

Complete design with a more detailed architectural part is preferable: even in the construction of simple buildings there are nuances and design features.

Detailed composition of the project

Architectural and construction solutions (AS)

Project documentation is provided on paper in A3 format, in one copy, certified with a blue seal. The project includes two sections: AR (architectural solutions) and KR (constructive solutions).

Working drawings of the AR brand (Architectural solutions)

This section consists of several parts:

• general information about the object and an explanatory note;
• general plan;
• axes alignment plan;
• masonry and marking plans;
• each of the facades of the house indicating the elevation marks;
• roof plan;
• basic cuts around the house;
• explication of floors, features of filling openings of windows and doors;
• ventilation ducts and chimneys.

Architectural drawings indicate the location of all windows, doors, ventilation shafts, fireplaces with chimneys, floor heights, wall thickness; the main structural units are shown.

Project documentation

1. Project cover

2. Title page

3. General project data and specification of the main material of the walls of the house

4. Measured floor plans (construction)

5. Marking floor plans

7. Cuts

9. Facades

12.Fragments of the plan

13.Ventilation ducts, chimneys

Working drawings of the KR brand

This section as part of an architectural project is developed for the technically competent implementation of architectural plans. The CD consists of the following parts:

• general data;
• layout of the foundation, including dimensions, exact location on the site, depth;
• plan of floors, lintels, truss structure with dimensions and technical instructions for the device;
• detailed drawings;
• calculation of consumption of masonry materials;
• material specifications.

The composition of the drawings included in the design documentation depends on the type of structures included in the design documentation.

Example: Constructive solutions, as part of QOL and CD

Composition of the KZh section (reinforced concrete structures)

1. General information

2. Foundation plan, material specification

4. Monolithic columns (if any according to the project), specification

5.Porches

6. Floor plan with specifications

7.Jumper layout diagrams, specifications

8. Monolithic belts, specification

Composition of the CD section (wooden structures)

1. General information

Additionally:

Engineering systems (IS)

If, in addition to the main sections that the house design necessarily includes, there is a section for engineering networks, it should contain the following parts:

1. general explanations for each of the life support systems, recommendations for installation and connection of devices;

2. diagram of water supply and sewerage systems - rationale for choice - individual or with connection to centralized systems, - floor plans;

3. heating diagram - justification for the installation of individual heating or connection to central networks, thermal engineering calculations;

4. power supply design, including network layout diagrams, electrical wiring, electrical equipment placement plans ( ;

5. specification of products, equipment, materials. ( They are ordered separately for each project, at the request of the customer.)

Standard ICs have been developed for some projects; please check with the manager for their availability. Their cost is not included in the price of the AC project.

Examples:

Architectural passport

The house project passport is not included in the complete kit; it can be purchased for an additional fee.

The architectural passport of the project makes it quicker and easier to obtain a building permit, as it contains all the documents necessary to submit to local architectural authorities.

Composition of the architectural passport:

Plans in axes

Facades

Cuts in axes

The sale of the “Construction Project Passport” without purchasing the main set of working drawings is not possible.

You can also purchase an additional set of drawings (hard copy), which is usually necessary for builders.

Can I make changes to finished sections?

Changes can be made to any ready-made project, but profitability must be assessed: if the changes affect the design, the ready-made calculations will not be relevant. And the cost of the finished project, taking into account the changes made, may be higher than developing an individual one from scratch.