Many depositors try to protect their deposits from the onset of various banking force majeure circumstances in the form of a crisis and take care of the insurance procedure in advance. At the same time, many are interested in the question of how exactly the insurance procedure takes place, as well as the main nuances of the return of funds in the event of bankruptcy of a financial organization. This article will discuss the standard mechanisms of the deposit insurance procedure in banking organizations.

Deposit insurance mechanism

The standard deposit insurance system significantly increases the confidence of citizens who are going to invest their own funds in bank deposits. That is why the state is taking all measures to improve the insurance system and provide optimal conditions for preserving depositors’ savings.

Currently, the insurance procedure has been significantly simplified - the depositor only needs to make a certain amount of deposit to a banking institution and draw up a standard deposit agreement. In this case, there is no need to draw up a special additional insurance contract - the entire procedure of interaction with the deposit insurance agency (DIA) is completely undertaken by the selected financial institution. The bank makes quarterly insurance contributions to this agency in the amount of 0.1% of the total deposit amount.

Thus, the insurance is not paid by the depositors themselves, but directly by the financial institution.

Insurance compensation

In the event of an insured event, the depositor has the right to receive insurance compensation from the deposit insurance agency. Moreover, in accordance with current legislation, in 2018 the amount of insurance paid is 100% of the deposit amount, but this payment has a limitation - the depositor receives compensation of no more than 1,400,000 rubles. This procedure is carried out in accordance with federal law clause 2 art. 11 Federal Law No. 177-FZ.

According to this law, the maximum amount of standard insurance compensation for all deposits and accounts of individuals for which an insured event occurred after December 29, 2014, the amount of payments has been significantly increased to 1.4 million rubles.

Moreover, this rule also applies to individual entrepreneurs.

Actions upon the occurrence of an insured event

The basic procedure for paying insurance compensation is regulated Art. 12 Federal Law No. 177-FZ. This article provides that the deposit insurance agency, within 1 week from the date of receipt of the register from the banking organization, undertakes to publish in the publication "Bulletin of the Bank of Russia" an information message about the designated place and time for accepting applications from citizens to whom insurance is due. Additionally, each depositor must be sent a repeated message within a month about the possibility of insurance payments.

Reasons for refusal of compensation

Not all investors can receive compensation payments - there are a number of reasons why insurance compensation is not possible.

Grounds for refusal may include the following cases:

• Deliberate actions of depositors that are aimed at the immediate occurrence of an insured event;
• Commitment of an intentional crime by the policyholders, as well as by the person for whom the insurance contract was drawn up for the purpose of receiving compensation payments;
• Provision by the policyholder of false information about the insurance procedure.

Thus, the reasons for refusal of compensation payments are any illegal actions of the insurer and the policyholder aimed at obtaining compensation.

How does the Russian deposit insurance system work?

In the Russian Federation, the compulsory bank deposit insurance system is a special measure of social support for citizens. This program is regulated by a special provision of the law “On insurance of deposits of individuals in banks of the Russian Federation” No. 177-FZ dated 23. To implement and implement this provision, a special organization called the DIA (deposit insurance agency) was created. This system deals with the return of insurance and organizes all actions for payment to the insurer.

If the banking system in which the deposit was made goes bankrupt, the depositor must submit an identification document to the deposit insurance agency with a special application.

Deposit Insurance Agency ASV

A special agency involved in deposit insurance was created in 2004 with the aim of ensuring compensation for deposits in the event of any insured events stipulated by the contract. In addition to paying insurance compensation, the organization is engaged in the following activities:

• Maintains a standard register of banks that are the main participants in the insurance procedure;
• Provides high-quality control over the replenishment and maintenance of the main fund, where all insurance premiums go;
• Manages the funds contained in the insurance fund.

Additionally, the agency maintains a master register of non-state pension funds.

The organization monitors the timeliness and quality of receipt of special guarantee contributions.

What deposits are insured by the state in 2018?

In accordance with legislative norms, the following types of deposits are subject to the insurance procedure:

1. Special demand deposits, time deposits, as well as all types of foreign currency deposits;
2. All current accounts of clients - this includes plastic cards, scholarships, and pensions;
3. Finances held in individual accounts of entrepreneurs;
4. Funds held in the accounts of trustees, as well as guardians - the beneficiaries in this case are their wards.

How to check if a deposit is insured?

Some banks are unfair to depositors and use double-entry bookkeeping to create unofficial accounts of certain types of deposits. In such cases, insurance compensation is not paid to clients. Therefore, before creating a deposit, you need to make sure whether it is on the balance sheet of the financial institution. To do this, you need to perform the following steps:

1. It is necessary to save the main agreement, as well as all existing receipts for payments made;
2. You should definitely visit your personal bank account where the deposit is open and check whether your own deposit is registered with the financial institution;
3. After opening a deposit, you must call the call center and, through the operator, make sure that there is a confirmed deposit amount in your personal account;
4. It is necessary, once every few months, to take bank statements confirming the availability of the main documentation - bank details, as well as information about your own account and the amount of funds on it;

The presence of standard documentation will allow you to prove the existence of a deposit in the event that the bank has committed fraudulent actions against the depositor.

Deposit insurance compensation amount

Bank deposits of Russians are insured by the state. To ensure that in the event of a bank bankruptcy (and the Central Bank revokes licenses from credit institutions quite often), depositors are not left with nothing, there is a deposit insurance system. This system works like this - all banks contribute a certain amount to a specially created agency, which, through these insurance premiums, compensates depositors of bankrupt banks for their savings. What amount of deposit is insured by the state in 2018 is the maximum deposit amount that the state will compensate within the insurance system.

What amount of deposits are insured by the state in 2018?

Until 2015, the maximum amount of the insured deposit was 700 thousand rubles. Three years ago this amount was immediately doubled. and nothing has changed since then. The maximum amount of a bank deposit that is insured by the state in 2018 is 1 million 400 thousand rubles.

Deposit insurance in Russia has a number of features that need to be remembered.

Firstly, deposits are insured only when the credit institution cooperates with the DIA, or Deposit Insurance Agency. This agency manages the insurance premiums paid by banks in the event of bankruptcy of themselves or their competitors (a common piggy bank).

Secondly, the law provides for a partly controversial point. Not only the deposit itself is insured, but also the interest that has accrued during the period the deposit was placed in the bank.

On the one hand, this is fair - the client of a bankrupt bank receives full compensation without losing on the capitalization of the deposit. The problem is that partly this legislative nuance encourages unscrupulous bankers.

What is the disadvantage of this norm? One of the obvious signs of a bank that is experiencing problems is the promise of a high interest rate on a deposit. Thus, the bank uses all means to attract new clients who would bring it money. Probably, the credit institution is in dire need of these funds, since it began to operate like a pyramid, paying off its debts through new contributions from customers.

Sooner or later (more likely sooner) such a pyramid will burst. What is typical is that financially literate depositors understand this, but they bring money to the bank because they know that the state will compensate both the deposit itself and the favorable interest on it.

Of course, the Central Bank immediately draws attention to banks that offer suspiciously high interest rates on deposits. However, a peculiar hole in the law remains.

Photo: pxhere.com

How are bank deposits insured in 2018 if one person has several of them?

It all depends on whether two or more deposits are opened in one bank, or whether a person keeps his money in several credit institutions.

If a person has deposits in different banks, then everything is simple - each of them is individually insured for 1.4 million rubles. Therefore, an amount of several million can be deposited in various banks. Even if two or three banks fail, the money from each account will be returned as part of the insurance program.

But if a person has several deposits totaling more than 1.4 million rubles in the same bank, in fact it is the same as if it were one deposit for such a large amount.

In such cases, the person’s right to compensation, of course, remains, but the procedure for compensation will be completely different.

For amounts in excess of 1.4 million, a special application will need to be submitted, after which the person will be in a waiting list. You will have to wait a long time for compensation - the Deposit Insurance Agency is selling the property of a bankrupt bank to compensate for payments to priority creditors. Only after this, if there is anything left from the proceeds, additional compensation will begin to be paid.

It is clear that in practice in such a situation it will be possible to get something either very slowly, or never at all.

Photo: pxhere.com

What to do if the bank goes bankrupt?

If your bank has been declared bankrupt, there is no need to panic. Within two weeks after the bankruptcy declaration, interim management will be appointed at the bank. Payments to clients will be made by an agent bank appointed by the DIA. You can find out what kind of bank this is and where to contact it on the website of the Deposit Insurance Agency and/or on the website of the bankrupt bank.

To receive a refund, you will need to show up and write a statement. To do this, most often it is enough to go to your bank branch with a passport and an agreement to open a deposit.

As for those who took out a loan from a bank that went bankrupt, if they have a deposit in the same bank, the loan amount is usually reduced by the amount of this deposit. Please also keep in mind that you should not make the obligatory payment until new details have been announced. Money may disappear, then you will have to find it and return it. The best thing to do is wait for new details or check with the bank branch what you should do.

More than three hundred Russian banks are currently in the process of liquidation - such data was published in November. Almost each of these credit institutions attracted deposits from individuals and individual entrepreneurs. The deposit insurance system that has existed in the Russian Federation since 2004 made it possible to return a total of 1.7 trillion rubles to depositors. This state program not only provides protection against possible loss of funds, but also significantly increases the population’s confidence in banking structures and the savings institution as a whole. What is the deposit insurance system (DIS) and how is it organized?

The deposit insurance system in the Russian Federation is based on the fact that the state, in the event of a bank’s bankruptcy or revocation of its license, guarantees a quick return to individual clients and individual entrepreneurs of deposit amounts of up to 1.4 million rubles. According to the Association of Russian Banks, in the first half of 2017, the average deposit of a resident of the country was 163.1 thousand rubles, the share of deposits less than 1.4 million rubles is approaching 60%. Consequently, most of the population’s savings fall under the parameters of the deposit insurance system (DIS).

How relevant the CER is can be judged by the fact that during its validity more than 3.6 million depositors took advantage of the opportunity to receive compensation. In total, during this period, the Central Bank of the Russian Federation revoked the licenses of over 400 banks (the full list can be viewed here: https://www.asv.org.ru/insurance/insurance_cases/). In 2017, 45 credit institutions ceased operations, including members of the TOP-30 Russian banks (for example, Yugra).

The maximum amount of compensation for deposits in closed banks has increased 14 times since the beginning of the program. From 2004 to 2008 it was 100 thousand rubles, then increased to 700 thousand. Since the end of 2014, this figure has been at the level of 1.4 million rubles.

History of changes in the amount of insurance compensation:

• from January 2004 to August 9, 2006 - 100 thousand rubles;
• from August 10, 2006 to March 25, 2007 - 190 thousand rubles;
• from March 26, 2007 to October 1, 2008 - 400 thousand rubles;
• from October 2, 2008 to December 28, 2014 - 700 thousand rubles;
• from December 29, 2014 to the present - 1.4 million rubles.

Life story

I “got it” back in the early 2010s with the Holding-Credit bank, where I kept a decent amount. It simply evaporated, and the depositor base was restored literally piece by piece, from individual surviving files. Fortunately, I was included in one of the files, and the procedure went without a hitch. 4 days after the announcement of the start of payments, I came to the Sberbank branch near Gorbushka and turned to the first employee I came across. He invited a special manager, who took me to a special window, where I signed an application and almost immediately received the deposit itself (fortunately it was 370 thousand, less than the maximum) and interest. Finally they said: “THEY don’t owe you anything anymore.”.

Deposit Insurance Agency (DIA): what is it and why was it created?

The Deposit Insurance Agency (DIA) is a state organization created within the framework of the law “On insurance of deposits of individuals in banks of the Russian Federation”. The DIA's tasks include monitoring banks' contributions to a special fund from which payments are made to depositors affected by bankruptcy or revocation of a bank's license.

Since the deposit insurance system is a special state program, a corporation with 100% state participation was created in 2004 to implement it. The Deposit Insurance Agency (DIA) acts as a liquidator and bankruptcy manager of banks with revoked licenses, and most importantly, manages the compulsory deposit insurance fund, from which compensation is paid to depositors.

The volume of the fund as of October 1, 2017 was about 40 billion rubles. However, this figure in itself doesn’t say much: the process of returning deposits from closed banks occurs constantly; this year alone, the DIA attracted over 600 billion rubles as loans from. The repayment of these loans occurs due to the influx of contributions into the fund from Russian banks within the framework of the deposit insurance system.

The Agency invests available funds primarily in government securities and deposits of the Central Bank of the Russian Federation; investing insurance fund money in bank shares is prohibited by law.

The Board of Directors of the DIA is headed by the Minister of Finance of the Russian Federation; this body includes six other members of the country's government, as well as five representatives of the Central Bank, which emphasizes the official status of the Agency and its reliability, ensured by public funds.

The safety of the deposit in the event of a bank collapse is guaranteed by Federal Law No. 177-FZ “On the insurance of deposits of individuals in banks of the Russian Federation.”

Currently, the insurance system covers two categories of depositors: individuals and individual entrepreneurs.

The CER scheme is very similar to the algorithm of any compulsory insurance, only the role of insurers here is not citizens, but banks. Credit institutions pay a share of the funds raised to the Deposit Insurance Agency. From this money, the DIA forms an insurance fund, which is then spent on compensation to depositors of banks with a revoked license.

Current rates of bank contributions to the deposit insurance system

To become a participant in the CCT, the depositor does not need to enter into a separate agreement - insurance of the deposit occurs automatically when it is opened.

There are only two insurance cases in which the DIA compensates the deposit:

1 Revocation or cancellation of a bank license by the Central Bank. Occurs if signs of insolvency (impending bankruptcy) or violation of the requirements of the Central Bank of the Russian Federation are detected. Voluntary liquidation of a bank by its owners is not covered by the deposit insurance system - simply because the owners of the bank can make a decision to close only after full settlement with all creditors, including depositors.

If the owners decide to simply lock the office doors and go abroad, the bank will be liquidated by decision of the Central Bank - with the revocation of the license and compensation to customers within the framework of the deposit insurance system.

2 Moratorium. Prohibition of satisfying the claims of bank creditors (imposed by the Bank of Russia). A moratorium is introduced when the bank itself commits a delay to its creditors due to a lack of funds in its accounts.

Example: banks, in order to issue loans to individuals, themselves borrow money at a lower interest rate from other banks and organizations.

The essence of this measure is that the Central Bank suspends for 3 months any bank payments (payments on deposits, writs of execution, fines, penalties, etc.) except for current expenses (staff salaries, social benefits, utility and other business payments).

During this period, the Central Bank checks the work of the credit institution and decides whether to revoke its license. Two weeks after the introduction of the moratorium and before its end, you can contact the DIA with an application for compensation of the deposit. In the entire history of the Agency, a moratorium was introduced only twice: at Vneshprombank and Nota Bank in 2015.

Central Bank of the Russian Federation

If a bank’s license is revoked, the depositor can get back the invested amount (no more than 1.4 million rubles) without waiting for the credit institution’s procedure. The first payments are made 14 days after the announcement of the revocation of the license (if the register of depositors is in order and submitted to the DIA on time).

The deposit insurance agency works, as a rule, through agent banks; there are sixty-two of them in the DIA register. These are leading banks with state participation (for example, payments to clients of Yugra Bank were carried out by VTB24), as well as large private credit organizations (Alfa Bank, B&N Bank and others).

This was done to improve accessibility: agent bank branches, as a rule, are located in all major cities; it is easier for depositors to go there rather than send documents by mail to the DIA.

The legislation does not provide for any priority when paying compensation: two weeks after the license is revoked, any depositor (both an individual and an individual entrepreneur) can contact the agent bank - the main thing is that information about him is in the register of depositors of the bank whose license was revoked . More details about cases when information about the investor is not in the register and what to do in such situations are discussed at the end of this article.

The procedure for returning a deposit is simplified as much as possible: the depositor contacts the agent bank with a minimum number of documents. If everything is in order, the individual is transferred to the account specified by him or given in cash at the bank’s cash desk. For an individual entrepreneur, the returned funds are transferred to an account in any bank (it is most profitable to open an account with an agent bank - you do not have to pay a commission).

The revocation of a license, after which the bank ceases to operate, must be distinguished from reorganization (financial recovery). In the second case, a temporary administration is introduced in the bank, the owner may change and there will be a stir in the media, but nothing changes for the depositor - work with deposits proceeds as usual, the money can be withdrawn in full if desired. Typically, rehabilitation is used in two cases:

• The bank is important for the state of the country's economy, and its closure may lead to negative macroeconomic consequences;
• The deterioration is temporary and is associated with the panic of depositors, and not with a real financial “hole” in the bank’s capital.

In 2017, the Central Bank sanitized two credit organizations from the TOP-10 - Otkritie banks and Binbank.

Which banks are included in the deposit insurance system?

According to the DIA as of November 13, 2017, the deposit insurance system includes 476 operating Russian banks, which contain over 24 trillion rubles of deposits of individuals and individual entrepreneurs.

The law obliges all credit institutions that accept deposits from the public to participate in the CER. To have the right to display the “Deposits are insured” banner on their website, banks must meet several requirements:

• Reliable reporting (according to the standards of the Central Bank), errors and inaccuracies should not affect the assessment of the financial stability of the organization;
• Compliance with Central Bank standards for reserves, capital amounts, etc.;
• The financial stability of the bank was recognized by the Central Bank as sufficient (primarily in terms of liquidity, quality of risk management and other similar parameters);
• Timely provision of information about persons under whose control the bank is located.
• Timely correction of identified violations.

Not all banks meet these requirements. 4 credit institutions are now deprived of the right to attract funds from the public. Thus, the Central Bank points out to banks the problems with accounting for deposits and the suspicion of maintaining “notebook” accounts, when money is taken from depositors, but not recorded according to documents.

After the prohibition of attracting new deposits, the Central Bank of the Russian Federation begins checking for the presence of off-balance sheet accounts - for example, about 800 depositors were identified at Miko-Bank, whose money (828 million rubles) did not pass through the bank’s balance sheet and was lost in an unknown direction. As a rule, restrictions on accepting deposits result in the revocation of the license.

There are several ways to check if your bank is a member of the CER. The easiest thing is to look on the website of the Deposit Insurance Agency (section “Participating Banks”, sorted alphabetically: https://www.asv.org.ru/insurance/banks_list/). You can also find out the information you are interested in by calling the toll-free hotline : 8 800 200-08-05.

A special sign developed by the DIA is posted on the Internet resources of banks included in the deposit insurance system. This sign is also placed on glass at cash desks and at bank tellers.

How to return a deposit if the bank’s license has been revoked

Only the Central Bank terminates the activities of a credit institution. The reimbursement process starts immediately after the bank's license is revoked.

Within a week from the date of receipt of the register of debt to depositors, the Deposit Insurance Agency sends a message to the “Bulletin of the Bank of Russia” and the official city newspaper at the location of the bank.

The text indicates the place, time, form and procedure for accepting applications for payment of compensation for deposits. Similar information is posted on the websites of the Agency and the bank itself. Then, within 30 days, the same messages are sent to depositors by mail.

Most often, depositors learn about the revocation of their bank’s license from the media; this is usually always talked about in the news on central channels, written on major news sites and portals, such as Yandex, Mail, etc.

Finally, if you go to the bank and the office is suspiciously closed during the middle of the working day, here is what you should do:

1 Go to the DIA website and then either call the hotline 8 800 200-08-05, or enter the name of your bank in the search bar. If it turns out that the bank’s license has been revoked, then find out which bank has been appointed as the DIA agent for compensation payments. This data is posted on the Deposit Insurance Agency website, or you can ask a hotline specialist.

2 14 days after the announcement of the revocation of the bank’s license (its date is indicated on the Agency’s website), the depositor, his representative or heir writes an application in the DIA form. The form can be downloaded on the Agency’s website (https://www.asv.org.ru/insurance/, section “Document Forms”) or filled out at the agent bank. There is no need to rush, but you need to be in time before the end of the bank bankruptcy procedure (this date will be announced on the websites of the DIA and the closed credit organization). If the investor or his heir “blundered”, the term can be restored by proving that the applicant was prevented by force majeure circumstances, military service or serious illness.

3 Documents are attached to the application. A passport is enough for the investor; the representative also brings a notarized power of attorney. If the depositor is a minor, parents or guardians provide his birth certificate. Adoptive parents are required to have an adoption document, and guardians, respectively, are required to establish guardianship. If it is not possible to submit documents in person to the agent bank, they can be sent by registered mail with notification.

4 By law, the agent bank must consider the depositor’s application no later than the end of the next business day (if the register of depositors has already been received by the bank from the DIA). If the amount of compensation is small, immediately after receiving the application it is paid through the cashier (the limit depends on the rules of the agent bank - in some cases they can pay a million, but most often the amount is limited to one or two hundred thousand rubles). Otherwise, the depositor will be asked to come the next day, the required amount will be prepared. If in the application the depositor wished to receive money by bank transfer, the agent bank is given three working days to do this.

5 Along with the money, the client is given a certificate stating how much has been paid/transferred. This document is especially important if your deposit exceeds 1.4 million, and you plan to make claims against the deprived bank in the future.

If compensation for the deposit for some reason (not related to the refusal to the client) is not paid on time, the depositor has the right to go to court. You can request the following:

• penalty;
• compensation for moral damage;
• payment of interest for the use of other people's money from the first day of delay.

Life story

I had a deposit of 200 thousand rubles in the ever-memorable Bank-T. I knew that the bank was scary, but it offered interest rates that were irresistible (about 12.5%, very steep even at that time). Time passed, I withdrew the interest onto my card. And then I saw in Yandex that the bank’s license had been revoked. I went to the DIA website - in the first line of the news there was a message about the time frame within which an agent bank would be appointed. I waited a few days, went to the site again - Sberbank was chosen as the agent bank. Deposits were not paid out everywhere; the list of branches was also posted on the DIA website. In the branch that was closest to me, the return of deposits was handled by the department that served Sber VIP clients. But there was a line there too—not of scandalous grannies, but there was a line. The first time I came just to ask. They said that you don’t need anything other than a passport. It is used to check the status of accounts. They immediately found me in the register, signed a statement drawn up by the manager - and that’s it, I can go to the cashier. I didn’t go to the cashier because I had an account with Sberbank and asked to transfer money to it. The translation arrived instantly. What was pleasantly surprising was that they even reimbursed the interest for the last month of service. Bank-T paid interest on the last day of the month, but it did not finish until November 30th. I thought that I would not receive anything for November, or at most at the “on demand” rate, but they paid at the usual rate - another 1,700 rubles and a few kopecks, plus the body of the deposit.

DIA office in Moscow at the address: Vysotskogo Street, 4

Frequently Asked Questions

Are all types of bank deposits insured?

No, not all. The law establishes a clear list of deposits for which the state guarantees compensation:

• on demand and urgent;
• on salary, pension and scholarship bank accounts;
• on individual entrepreneurs’ accounts (in banks deprived of their license after January 1, 2014).
• on accounts owned by guardians and trustees, but opened for minors or incompetent persons (in banks whose license was revoked after December 23, 2014).
• on special accounts (escrow) opened by individuals for settlements on real estate transactions (in banks that remained without a license after April 2, 2015).

Here are some banking products that are not included in the deposit insurance system:

• Funds deposited with lawyers, notaries, etc., if these accounts are opened for professional activities.
• Deposits of individuals are payable to bearer.
• Funds transferred by individuals to banks for trust management.
• Deposits opened in branches of Russian banks outside the Russian Federation (the CER does not apply to foreign countries).
• Deposits in electronic money.
• Funds in nominal and escrow accounts (other than those mentioned above).
• Funds in unallocated metal accounts.

Is interest on the deposit insured?

Yes, they are insured, but only if they were added to the principal amount of the deposit before the start of the bankruptcy procedure. Let's look at some examples for better understanding:

Example #1

You placed 100,000 rubles on a deposit for a period of one year and accrual of interest at the end of the term. Let’s assume that six months after the conclusion of the agreement, the bank’s license was revoked. Since your money did not stay on deposit for a year, it means that interest was not accrued to you, which means it is not subject to insurance.

Example #2

You placed the same 100,000 rubles on the deposit, for a period of a year and interest accrued at the end of each month. Six months later, the bank’s license was revoked. In this case, you will receive your deposit + interest for six months, since they were accrued and due to the deposit amount every month.

Are debit card accounts included in the deposit insurance system?

Deposit insurance applies to debit card accounts; the compensation procedure for them is the same as for other types of deposits. The exception is prepaid bank cards. Money on them is not insured.

Life story

At one time I had a Svyaznoybank plastic card, I kept it for myself, and on it was a “rainy day” amount of 15 thousand rubles. One day, right before the New Year, I heard on the radio that the bank had closed a month ago. At first I decided that the “stash” was gone forever, but still I went online to look for clues. On the bank's website there was an instruction to apply for payments to Sberbank - with a passport. Knowing our bureaucracy, I took with me all the documents - the original and copies of the agreement with the bank and much more. And at the same time, the account number of another card to transfer money there if everything goes well. The Sberbank branch that I needed to contact was on the other side of the city, but I went there in good faith, thinking that the nearest office was unlikely to help me. They accepted me within 10 minutes. The employee took the passport and filled out the application herself. I signed. The employee herself went to the cashier with the check and brought me my 15 thousand. The whole thing took exactly 20 minutes.

When can payment be refused?

There are only three reasons why you will not be reimbursed for your deposit:

• The register does not contain information about you as a depositor.
• You provided incorrectly completed documents or did not provide any paper.
• The agent bank did not receive the register of depositors from the DIA.

The agent bank is obliged to provide you with a written explanation of the refusal to pay insurance compensation.

Life story

We spent a long time choosing a bank to place money there, which we planned to later spend on buying an apartment, but for now earn money on interest. Deposit insurance was one of the main conditions. We live in Samara, and it seemed most convenient to open a deposit in the Volga-Kama Bank. From time to time they came, topped up, took statements - everything was as usual. And then there was a rumor that the bank was in trouble. We just had to make a contribution to buy an apartment, we got alarmed and ran to the bank. There was a kilometer-long line, of course, they didn’t see the money, but they almost forcibly knocked out a bank statement with account balances with a bank mark. And they calmed down. We waited for the “letter of happiness” from the DIA - and fell into shock. We are not on the registry! But we have an extract! We wrote a counter statement to the Agency, attached a copy, and are waiting for a decision. A reply came from the DIA: you are not on the register. They didn’t even look at the extract! If it weren’t for the State Duma deputy and the prosecutor’s office, we wouldn’t have gotten anything. As a result, they were paid only after 6 months.

What to do if you are not on the register of investors?

The reason for such an unpleasant situation may be the negligence of bank employees (documents on some of the depositors are lost or destroyed, employees are fired, there is nowhere to look for ends) or the so-called “off-balance sheet deposits” - when money was taken from depositors, but the documents were not followed up, giving clients fake pieces of paper. As a result, you have an agreement in your hands, but there is no information in the bank that you made a deposit. Accordingly, when you contact the agent bank for compensation, you will receive a refusal. This was experienced, for example, by depositors of Crossinvestbank, Miko-Bank, and Stella Bank, where the number of “notebook” deposits was close to 100%.

The DIA sees two solutions to this issue. Sometimes the Agency recommends that depositors immediately go to court to demand reinstatement in the register. A claim against a bank whose license has been revoked must be filed only after receiving a refusal from the DIA. Much depends on the quality of the statement of claim; it should not be template.

Please note: for the court, you are not a depositor who has suffered from fraud, but a person who is going to prove that he had a deposit in this bank. This means that the more convincing your evidence is - in the form of original documents, witness statements, and so on - the greater the chances.

If the client is in the register, but the deposit amount does not correspond to the real one, the DIA asks, along with a statement of disagreement with the payment amount, to provide the original documents for the deposit (agreement, orders, etc.) directly to the Agency (for example, send by mail). The review may take up to two months. The disadvantage of this scheme is the need to part with the original documents. This means that you will no longer be able to go to court.

What should I do if I do not agree with the refund amount?

There are two options.

1. Submit documents to the DIA to support your claims. The agency will forward these papers to the bank. There, within 10 days from the date of receipt, they must consider your arguments and either make changes to the register of investors or refuse.
2. File a claim to establish the amount of payments in court.

Life story

I had to deal with the DIA twice. The first time when Investtrustbank’s license was revoked, everything went well, the money was quickly returned. And for the second time we had to protest the operating procedure of the deposit insurance system. We transferred more than a million rubles to Yugra Bank in the summer of 2017 - just at the moment its license was revoked. It turned out that part of the money was gone before the announcement of the insured event, and the second part (large) – right on the day of this announcement. Despite the fact that clause 5 of Article 11 of the Law “On Insurance of Individuals’ Deposits in Banks of the Russian Federation” states that the amount of compensation for deposits is calculated based on the balance of funds on the deposit at the end of the day the insured event occurs, the DIA takes the beginning of this as the cutoff day. And, accordingly, he does not want to return part of the money. We wrote a statement of disagreement with the payment, 10 days are running out, we will have to go to court.

I have three deposits in one bank for a total of 3 million rubles, but each of the deposits is less than 1.4 million. Will I get my full amount back if the bank goes bankrupt?

According to the law on deposit insurance, if you have several deposits in one bank, they will reimburse everything - but the total amount cannot exceed the same 1,400,000 rubles; the rest can be tried to be recovered directly from the bank whose license has been revoked. But deposits in several banks simultaneously deprived of licenses will be reimbursed 1.4 million for each closed institution.

Conclusion

Let's repeat the most important thoughts on deposit insurance:

• The deposit insurance system applies only to individuals and individual entrepreneurs. In this case, the money of legal entities is not insured.
• The DIA only insures bank deposits. If you see an advertisement for any financial instrument (forex, stocks, pamm accounts, mutual funds, etc.) that says that the funds you deposit are insured, then know that you are being deceived. This is a marketing trick that is often used to cover up financial pyramids and HYIPs.
• Debit cards are subject to insurance, which means you can safely open cards with interest accrued on the balance.
• Choose a bank where deposits are insured by the DIA.
• Do not place more than 1.4 million rubles. in one bank per individual.
• If you need to place an amount greater than 1.4 million rubles, then break the amount into parts, no more than 1.4 million rubles. and keep them in different banks, or open deposits for your relatives if the bank offers good rates.
• If you are making a deposit, always ask for supporting documents from the bank, especially for deposits opened via the Internet. Keep all documents related to your deposit - agreement, checks for depositing money, etc., in case your data is suddenly not in the register.

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Bank deposits of citizens in Russia are insured by the state. So that in the event of a bank bankruptcy (the Central Bank often revokes licenses from banks), depositors are not left with nothing, there is a deposit insurance system. It works as follows: all banking organizations contribute a certain amount to a specialized agency, which, through these insurance premiums, compensates depositors of bankrupt credit organizations for their savings. What amount of bank deposit is insured by the state in 2018: the maximum amount of deposit compensated by the state within the insurance system.


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What amount of deposits are insured by the state in 2018?

Until 2015, the maximum amount of an insured deposit was 700,000 rubles. 3 years ago it was doubled. Since then everything has remained the same. The maximum size of a bank deposit insured by the state in 2018 is 1.4 million rubles.

Deposit insurance in Russia has some important nuances that should not be forgotten.

First of all, deposits are insured only when the bank interacts with the DIA - Deposit Insurance Agency. It manages the insurance premiums paid by banks in the event of bankruptcy - its own or competitors.

The legislation also provides for a certain controversial issue. Both the deposit as such and the interest accrued during the time the deposit was placed in the bank are insured.

In principle, this is fair - the client of a bankrupt bank receives a 100% refund, without at the same time losing on the capitalization of the deposit. The problem is that, to a certain extent, this legislation encourages unscrupulous banks.

What is the disadvantage of this norm? One of the clear signs of a bank having problems is the promise of increased interest on deposits. This is how the bank attracts new clients who bring it money. It is possible that the bank is in dire need of this money, since it has begun to operate as a kind of pyramid, paying off its own debts through new contributions.

Sooner or later (certainly sooner) such a pyramid will burst. What is important is that financially literate depositors are well aware of this, and nevertheless, they bring money to the bank, because they know that the state will compensate both the deposit and the favorable interest on it.

It is clear that the Central Bank immediately looks at banks offering suspiciously high interest rates on deposits. But there is some gap in the legislation.


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How are bank deposits insured in 2018 if one person has several of them?

Everything will depend on whether you have 2 or more deposits open in one bank, or whether you keep your own funds in a number of banks.

If a person has deposits in several banks, then it’s simple here - each of them is individually insured for 1.4 million rubles. For this reason, you can deposit several millions in several banks. Even if 2 or 3 banks go bankrupt, funds from each account will be returned as part of the insurance program.

But if a person has several deposits totaling more than 1.4 million rubles in one bank, in fact it is the same as if it were 1 deposit for such a significant amount.

In these situations, the right to compensation will remain, but the manner of compensation will be different.

For amounts over 1.4 million, a separate application will need to be submitted, and after that the person will be in line. It will be a long wait for compensation - the Deposit Insurance Agency is selling the property of a bankrupt bank to compensate for payments to priority creditors. Only after this, if anything remains from the proceeds, will additional compensation be paid.

Naturally, in practice in such a case it will be possible to get something either not soon or never.


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What to do if the bank goes bankrupt

If your bank has been declared bankrupt, there is no need to panic. Within 2 weeks after the declaration of bankruptcy, temporary management will be installed in the bank. Payments to clients will be made by the agent bank; it will be determined by the DIA. You can see which bank it is and where you will need to go on the portal of the Deposit Insurance Agency or on the portal of the bankrupt bank.

To receive a refund, you will need to appear and submit an application. For this purpose, as a rule, it is enough to come to a bank branch with a passport and an agreement to open a deposit.

If he talks about those who took out a loan from a bank that went bankrupt, then if there is a deposit in this bank, as a rule, the size of the loan is reduced by the size of this deposit. Also keep in mind that you should not make a mandatory payment without providing updated details. Funds may disappear, and then they will have to be found and returned. It is better to wait until the updated details appear or ask the bank what needs to be done.

Many Russian residents have entrusted their money to banks. When choosing a bank, we first of all pay attention to whether your deposits are insured by the DIA, i.e. Will we be able to get a refund on our bank deposit if the bank collapses? Then we carry the money. But it is important to remember some features that will help us lose less when a bank’s license is revoked.
If you want to know how much money you will get back, we recommend taking a simple test
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The latest recent cases of revocation of the license of Smolensk Bank, Masterbank, reorganization of PSB, B&N Bank indicate that this information is quite relevant. I myself have a deposit in one of the large banks and I began to monitor the condition of my bank quite seriously. So, a few tips and notes


Why are several deposits in one bank dangerous?

If you have in one bank several deposits for more than 1,400 thousand rubles, you will receive maximum 1400 thousand rubles.
Deposits up to 1,400,000 rubles are insured by the state - this is a true statement. But there is one caveat.

The total amount of deposits up to 1,400 thousand rubles in one bank is insured by the state. Those. if you made 10 deposits worth 1,400 thousand rubles in one bank and they are insured, then you will receive a maximum of 1,400 thousand rubles. This rule also applies to bank branches. Those. bank name is one bank. It doesn’t matter in which branches you made your deposits. You will receive a maximum of 1,400 thousand rubles.
A few more nuances

• I would like to draw your attention to the fact that the currency of insurance compensation is always rubles. It doesn’t matter in what currency your deposit was opened. The transfer of currency into the deposit occurs at the Central Bank exchange rate on the day the license is revoked.
• Funds on debit cards are protected. If you had a salary or debit card, and the bank’s license was taken away, then the money will be refunded to you. The money on the card is a deposit and is covered by deposit insurance.
• The funds of individual entrepreneurs are protected on an equal basis with the funds of individuals. The same eligibility rules apply to them.

Will interest on deposits be returned if the amount is more than 1,400,000?

We all put money in the bank for interest, to save money from inflation and in the hope of increasing it.
By law, the deposit amount + accrued and capitalized funds are insured. Those. As soon as the bank’s license is revoked, then from that day on the accrual of interest stops.
You receive money from the day the deposit starts until the day the license is revoked. You can calculate your compensation amount for a deposit with capitalization using. You just need to indicate the end date of the contribution = the date of license revocation.

In this regard, everything is simple and clear. If the deposit amount plus interest is more than 1,400,000, then you will receive a maximum of 1,400,000. The rest can only be returned through bankruptcy and the sale of the bank’s property. The bankruptcy procedure is not quick and can take months or years.

For what funds will you not receive a refund?

The Deposit Insurance Agency clearly determines which funds are not subject to insurance.
If your license is revoked, you will only be able to return this money on a first-come, first-served basis.

1. Funds in current accounts of legal entities
2. Bearer deposits confirmed by a bearer passbook certificate are not insured;
3. Funds transferred to trust management are not insured.
4. If your bank has a branch abroad, then your funds are not insured.
5. All electronic money (This applies to WebMoney, Yandex money, etc.)
6. Funds in metal accounts
7. Funds from the bonus program, if any.

Procedure for paying deposit insurance?

Many people rush to the bank after their license is revoked, demanding their money back. Panic, storming bank offices - they will not lead to anything good. Your task is to wait and be aware of events.
The storming of the bank will result in nothing. There is no more money in the bank.


You need to wait at least 7 days. It is during this time that the DIA publishes a message in the press about which bank will pay the insurance premium
Payment of insurance compensation is made by the agent bank. This is a special bank to which the DIA transfers insurance.

It must have many branches and must be prepared for the influx of visitors. There is no need to rush to collect your money on the first day or stand in lines. You need to be calm - you can write an application within 2 years after the bank’s license is revoked

After a few days we just go and write a statement. Don't forget to take your passport with you. Money can be received on the day of application. If you do not agree with the amount of compensation, you will need to provide additional documents to the DIA.

Where to invest after receiving insurance money?

Even if you are “lucky” and an insured event occurs, then you should not be upset. You will receive your money. The question is what to do. If you still trust the banks, in principle you got your money back and the DIA did not let you down. I recommend opening the deposit again, only for a short period. For example, here is a contribution for the quarter with a good interest rate. We recommend Tinkoff Bank.